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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
GPE |
Gravitational potential energy, stored energy that an object has due to height above the ground. |
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GPE size depends on...? |
The mass of the object, the strength of gravity and the height of the object above ground. |
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GPE formula? |
∆Ep=mg∆h |
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Kinetic Energy |
Energy an object has because it's moving. |
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Kinetic energy depends on? |
The mass of the object and the speed it's traveling |
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Stored spring energy |
A spring compressed or stretched tends to pull it push itself back to its equilibrium position. Until the spring is released and allowed to reach it, it has energy stored in it. |
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The amount of energy in a spring relies on? |
The spring constant (stiffness of spring) and extension of the spring (compressing or stretching). |
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Spring stored energy equation |
∆Ep=1/2kx^2 |
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Conservation of energy |
Energy can't be created or destroyed only be transformed from one form to another. |
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What's an isolated system? |
Total energy and momentum in an isolate system remains constant. It is a system free from external forces. |
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Dynamic Systems |
Are realistic systems that there will always be some energy losses. Most commonly due to resistance of frictional losses where some initial energy input is converted into heat and sound. |
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Work |
Energy is the ability to do work. Work is an energy transfer, can be found using: W=Fd |
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Conditions of work done |
Force and distance travelled must be parallel, or have a parallel component. If an object is moved perpendicular to the force, then no work is done by the force on that object. |
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Power |
Rate at which work is done. A measurement of how much energy is transformed per second. Equation: P=W/t |
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Relationship between watts and energy |
One watt of power equates to 1 joule of energy being transformed per second. |
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Momentum |
A vector an object has due to its mass md velocity. "Mass in motion". Objects with greater mass or higher velocity have more momentum and required a greater amount of force to stop them. |
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Momentum equation |
p=mv |
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Change of momentum |
Found through vector Subtraction. |
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Change of momentum equation |
Equation: ∆p=pf-pi |
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Impulse |
Concept relating an object's change in momentum to the force creating the momentum change md the time that the force is applied. |
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Impulse note: |
Often questions to us on how in reading the time during which a collision occurs reducing the force experienced during tht collision. When solving these problems it is important that the change in momentum (F x d) is constant for the two scenarios that are being examined. |
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How variables effect Impulse |
Short period of time = larger force Long period of time = smaller force |
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Area under Force/Time graphs |
Under the curve represents the impulse |
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Conservation of momentum |
"the total momentum before a collision (or explosion) is equal to the total momentum after the collision, unless acted upon by an external net force" |
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What's an external net force? |
A force from something not initially considered to be part of the system. |
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Momentum Total Equation |
PTotal=P(left)+P(right) |
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If friction forces are large? |
Total momentum will not be conserved. COM is not broken because friction is an external net force. |