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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Organization Change
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Movement of an organization away from its present state and toward some desired future state to increase its efficiency and effectiveness
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What are the steps in the organizational change process?
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Assess the need for change, decide on the change to make, implement the change, and evaluate the change.
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Organizational Learning
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Process through which managers try to increase organizational members’ abilities to understand and appropriately respond to changing conditions
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Top-down change
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Top managers identify what needs to be changed, decide what to do, and then move quickly to implement changes throughout the organization
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Bottom-up change
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Managers at all levels work together to develop a detailed plan for change
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Inertia (Resistance to change)
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People want to do the status quo
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Timing (Resistance to change)
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People feel its was a bad time to implement the change
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Surprise (Resistance to change)
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People feel you have not given them enough time to react to the change
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Peer Pressure (resistance to change).
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Team members band together to resist the change.
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Self-interest (resistance to change).
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People resist change because they will lose something of value (selfish).
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Misunderstanding (resistance to change).
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People resist because they don't fully understand it.
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Different Assessments (resistance to change).
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Management has more information than the employees; employees thinks change is another headache for them
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Management Tactics (resistance to change).
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Management does not execute the change well and other changes employees resist
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Three-Stage Change Management Mode
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Unfreezing, Moving, Refreezing
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Unfreezing
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realizing the current practices are inappropriate and that new behavior must be enacted
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Moving
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instituting the change
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Refreezing
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strengthening the new behaviors that support the change
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Education and communication (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
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Educating, persuading, and discussing the change of its employees
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Facilitation and support (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
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Training for the change and provide support
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Negotiation and rewards (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
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Giving rewards to employees if they implement the change
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Explicit and implicit coercion (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
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Manager use punishment or threat of punishment to those who resist the change.
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Manipulation and cooptation (Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
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use subtle or covert tatics to implement change or put some someone who resisting the change in desirable role in the change process.
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Participation and involvement(Approaches to Encourage Cooperation)
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People who are affected by the change are involved in its design and implementation.
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Education and Communication should be used when...
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Where there is a lack of information or inaccurate information or analysis
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Education and Communication advantage
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Once persuaded, people will often help you with the implementation of the change
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Drawbacks of education and communication
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Time-consuming if lots of people are involved.
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Participation and involvement are commonly used in situations where...
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Where the initators do not have all the information they need to design the change and where other have considerable powers to resist
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Advantages of participation and involvement
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People who participate will be committed to implementin the change and any relevant information they will have integrated into the change plan
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Drawback of participation and involvement
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Can be time-consuming if implementing a inappropriate change.
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Facilitation and Support are commonly used in situations where...
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People are resisting because of adjustment problems
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Advantages of facilitation and support
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no other problem works as well with adjustment problems
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Drawbacks of facilitation and support
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time-consuming and expensive and still fail.
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Negotiations and Rewards are used in situations where...
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When someone or some group has clearly something they will lose i the change and they have a considerable amount of power to resist the change.
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Advantages of Negotiations and Rewards.
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Sometimes is a relative easy way to avoid major resistance
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Disadvantage of negotiations and rewards
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expensive if alerts other people to negotiate for compliance
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