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101 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Red: renal artery Blue: renal vein |
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Ureter |
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Fibrous capsule |
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Renal cortex |
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Renal medulla |
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Renal pyramids |
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Renal papilla |
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Renal columns |
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Renal papilla |
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Minor calyces |
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Major calyces |
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Renal pelvis |
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Ureter |
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Blood flow through kidneys |
Renal artery Segmental arteries Interlobar arteries Arcuate arteries Interlobular arteries Afferent arteriole Glomerulus Efferent arteriole Peritubular capillaries of vasa recta Interlobular veins Arcuate veins Interlobar veins Renal vein |
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Red: renal artery Orange: segmental arteries Yellow: interlobat arteries Green: arcuate arteries Blue: interlobular arteries Purple: afferent arteriole Pink: glomerulus Black: efferent arteriole Brown: peritubular capillaries Gray: vasa recta Teal: interlobular veins Light blue: arcuate veins Hot pink: interlobar veins Lime green: renal vein |
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Blue: cortical nephron Green: juxtamedullary nephron |
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Efferent arteriole |
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Afferent arteriole |
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Renal corpuscle |
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Bowmans capsule |
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Glomerulus |
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What makes up the renal corpuscle |
Bowmans capsule Glomerulus |
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Proximal convoluted tubule |
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Yellow: loops of henle Red: thick loop of henle Orange: thin loop of henle |
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Distal convoluted tubule |
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Macula densa |
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Juxtaglomerular cells |
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Macula densa |
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Collecting duct |
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Red: medulla Orange: cortex Blue: renal corpuscle |
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Cortex |
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Medulla |
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Blue: distal convoluted tubule Green: proximal convoluted tubule |
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Blue: macula densa Green: proximal convoluted tubule |
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Red: distal convoluted tubule Orange: proximal convoluted tubule Yellow: bowmans caspule Green: collecting ducts Blue: macula densa |
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Blue: collecting ducts Red: thin loops of henle Yellow: thick loops of henle |
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Ureters |
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Detrusor muscle |
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Trigone |
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Internal urethral sphincter |
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External urethral sphincter |
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Prostatic urethra |
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Membranous urethra |
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Red: urinary bladder Orange: internal urethral sphincter Yellow: urethra Green: external urethral sphincter |
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Red: ureter Orange: urinary bladder Yellow: prostate Green: external urethral sphincter Blue: spongy urethra Purple: dont need to know Pink: urethra |
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What am I |
Renal corpuscle |
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Red: tunica albuginea Orange: germinal epithelium |
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Red: primordial follicles Orange: primary follicle Yellow: secondary follicle Green: tertiary follicle Blue: released secondary oocyte Purple: corona radiata Pink: corpus luteum Black: corpus albicans |
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Red: fimbriae Orange: infundibulum Yellow: ampulla Green: isthmus Blue: uterine part |
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Red: perimetrium Orange: myometrium Yellow: endometrium |
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Red: uterine artery and vein Orange: internal os Yellow: isthmus Green: cervical canal Blue: vaginal artery Purple: external os Pink: vagina Black: uterine cavity |
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Red: columnar epithelium Orange: lamina propria Yellow: smooth muscle |
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Red: fimbriae Orange: uterine tube Yellow: ovarian ligament Green: mesovarium Blue: suspensory ligament Purple: broad ligament Pink: uterus Black: ovary Brown: infundibulum |
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Red: ureter Orange: uterosacral ligament Yellow: external os Green: cervix |
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Red: uterine cavity Orange: endometrium Yellow: myometrium Green: perimetrium Blue: arcuate artery Purple: uterine artery |
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Red: straight artery Orange: radial artery Yellow: spiral artery Green: simple columnar epithelium Blue: functional layer Purple: basal layer Pink: uterine gland Black: endometrium |
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Red: perimetrium Orange: endometrium Yellow: myometrium Green: cervix |
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Red: mons pubis Orange: clitoris Yellow: vestibule Green: labia minora Blue: labia majora Purple: urethral opening |
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Development is separated into what 2 periods |
Prenatal and postnatal |
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What is embryology |
The study of developmental changes that occur during the prenatal period |
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When is prenatal development |
Conception (fertilization) to childbirth |
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When is postnatal development? |
From birth to maturity |
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Subdivision of prenatal development |
Pre-embryonic development Embryonic development Fetal development |
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When is the pre-embryonic development |
-Fertilization to implantation -2 weeks |
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When does embryonic development occur? |
Implantation to the end of the eighth week of pregnancy |
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When does fetal development occur |
9th week of pregnancy to birth |
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What is fertilization |
The joining of 2 haploid gametes to create a diploid zygote |
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What are gametes |
Sperm and oocytes -each one contains 23 chromosomes |
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Function of spermatozoon |
Delivers the paternal chromosomes to the ovum |
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Function of the ovum |
-provides the maternal chromosomes -provides all organelles -provides nourishment for embryonic development |
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What is an immature ovum |
Oocyte |
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Where does fertilization occurs in... |
The ampulla of the uterine tube |
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How many sperm enter the vaginal canal and how many make it to the uterine tubes |
-200 million sperm -10,000 make it |
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How many sperm make it to the egg |
Less then 100 |
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How long to the sperms journey to the egg take |
30 minutes to 2 hours |
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What complicates the fertilization of the oocyte |
-corona radiata -oocyte metabolism suspended -oocyte is in metaphade of meiosis II |
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What do sperm use to penetrate the corona radiata |
Hyaluronidase |
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What releases hyaluronidase |
The acrosomal cap of the sperm |
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What happens once the sperm gets past the corona radiata? |
-Sperm and oocyte membrane fuse and sperm enters ooplasm -and oocyte now completes meiosis II |
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What keeps more then 1 sperm from fertilizing the oocyte? |
The membrane fusion when one sperm enters the egg and then becomes unresponsive to other sperm |
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What is Amphimixis |
The fusion of the 2 pronuclei |
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Pronucleus formation |
-haploid nuclear material in egg forms the female pronucleus -haploid nuclear material in sperm becomes the male pronucleus |
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What needs to occur for diploid zygoto to form |
Pronucleus formation and amphimixis |
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How long is the gestation period |
9 months |
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What is prenatal development divided into |
3 trimesters |
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What happens in the first trimester |
Rudiments of all organs appear |
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What happens in the second trimester |
-Organs and organ systems develop further -fetus looks like a human |
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What happens in the 3rd trimester |
-phase of rapid growth -most organ systems become functional |
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What trimester do 80% of losses occur |
The first trimester |
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What percent of pregnancies end in miscarriage |
26% |
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What causes miscarriage most the time |
-spontaneous chromosomal non disjunction |
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What causes trisomy |
Error in chromosomal attachment to spindle fibers from male or female |
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How long is the first trimester |
1-12 weeks |
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What 4 events occur with in the first trimester |
-cleavage (sequence of cell division) forms blastocytes -implantation in endometrial lining -placentation (formation of the placenta) -embryogensis (development of embryo |
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Cleavage/repeated cell division of pre-embryo results in smaller cells called |
Blastomeres |
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After 3 days of cell division the blastomeres form a solid ball called the |
Morula |
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Cells migrate to the edge of the morula creating a hallow ball of cells called... |
The blastocyst |
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Whats the blastocoele |
Fluid filled cavity of the blastocyst |
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What cells make up the outer layer of the blastocyst |
Frophoblast |
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What is the inner cell mass |
The cluster of cells that form at one edge of the blastocyst |
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What provifes nutrients to developing embryo |
Trophoblast cells |
