Lab: Unit 3

Front 1

Describe/define the epiphyseal plate/line.

Back 1

It is a band of hyaline cartilage from which long bones grow in length, it is found near the junction of the epiphysis and the diaphysis, and it calcified to become the epiphyseal line when longitudinal bone growth ceases.

Front 2

_______ is a band of hyaline cartilage from which long bones grow in length.

Back 2

Epiphyseal plate.

Front 3

_______ is found near the junction of the epiphyseal and the diaphysis.

Back 3

The epiphyseal line.

Front 4

_______ calcifies to become the epiphyseal line when the longitudinal bone growth ceases.

Back 4

Epiphyseal plate.

Front 5

_______ are densely packed subunits of compact bone.

Back 5

Osteon.

Front 6

________ is hard, dense bone tissue found in the outer surface of a bone.

Back 6

Compact bone.

Front 7

________ is bone found on the inside of a bone; composed of a lattice-like network of bone spicules.

Back 7

Spongy bone.

Front 8

________ is a dense irregular collagenous tissue that surrounds a bone, it houses bone-forming cells (osteoblasts), bone-destroying cells (osteoclasts), and numerous blood vessels.

Back 8

Periosteum.

Front 9

_______ is a depression described as; shallow indented surface where two bones meet to form a joint.

Back 9

Facet.

Front 10

_________ is a depression described as; deeper indented surface in a bone, usually allows a rounded surface of another bone to fit inside of it.

Back 10

Fossa.

Front 11

_______ is a depression. It is a shallow pit, often the site for the attachment of a ligament.

Back 11

Fovea.

Front 12

________ is a depression. It is a long, typically shallow depression that usually allows a nerve or blood vessel to travel along the bone’s surface.

Back 12

Groove.

Front 13

_______ is a depression. It is another name for a groove.

Back 13

Sulcus.

Front 14

________ is an opening. It is a passageway through a bone.

Back 14

Canal.

Front 15

________ is an opening. It is a slit within a bone or between bones.

Back 15

Fissure.

Front 16

_______ is an opening. It is a hole in a bone through which a structure such as a nerve or blood vessel passed.

Back 16

Foramen.

Front 17

________ is an opening. It is another name for a canal.

Back 17

Meatus.

Front 18

________ is a projection. It is a round end of a bone that fits into a fossa or facet of another bone at a joint.

Back 18

Condyle.

Front 19

_______ is a projection. It is a ridge along a bone; generally a site of muscle attachment.

Back 19

Crest.

Front 20

_______ is a projection. It is a ridge along a bone; generally a site of muscle attachment.

Back 20

Crest.

Front 21

________ is a projection. Small projection usually proximal to a condyle; generally the site of muscle attachment.

Back 21

Epicondyle.

Front 22

_________ is a projection. It is a rounded end of the bone that fits into a fossa to form a joint.

Back 22

Head.

Front 23

______ is a projection. It is any bony projection; generally the site of muscle attachment.

Back 23

Process.

Front 24

______ is a projection. It is an outgrowth from a bone due to repetitive pull from a muscle.

Back 24

Protuberance.

Front 25

_________ is a projection. It is a large bong projection to which muscles attach; only example are in the femur (thigh bone).

Back 25

Trochanter.

Front 26

________ is a projection. It is a small rounded projection where muscles attach.

Back 26

Tubercle.

Front 27

______ is a projection. It is a larger, more prominent tubercle.

Back 27

Tuberosity.

Front 28

One of the 5 regions of an epiphyseal plate is _________ and it contains a reserve of chondrocytes that can divide as needed and is found closest to the epiphysis; sometimes called the resting zone.

Back 28

Zone of reserve cartilage.

Front 29

One of the 5 regions of an epiphyseal plate is _________ and it is distinguished by active mitotic division of chondrocytes.

Back 29

Zone of proliferation.

Front 30

One of the 5 regions of an epiphyseal plate is _________ where dividing chondrocytes begin to grow in their lacunae.

Back 30

Zone of hypertrophy and maturation.

Front 31

One of the 5 regions of an epiphyseal plate is _________ where chondrocytes begin to die and accumulate calcium salts and harden.

Back 31

Zone of calcification.

Front 32

One of the 5 regions of an epiphyseal plate is _________ which contains calcified chondrocytes and osteoblasts and abuts the diaphysis.

Back 32

Zone of ossification.

Front 33

What type of lamellae is found within osteons?

Back 33

Concentric.

Front 34

________ lamellae is located between osteons.

Back 34

Interstitial.

Front 35

Give some examples of long bones. (At least 3.)

Back 35

Femur, proximal phalanx, ulna, clavicle, fibula.

Front 36

True or false: yellow bone marrow creates blood cells.

Back 36

False. (Red bone marrow creates blood cells.)

Front 37

What happens in the zone of ossification of the epiphyseal plate?

Back 37

Chondrocytes are calcified and abut the diaphysis with osteoblasts.

Front 38

Cuboid is an example of a _________.

Back 38

Short bone.

Front 39

The outer surface of bones is covered by _______.

Back 39

Periosteum.

Front 40

Another word for “meatus”?

Back 40

Canal.

Front 41

Define “fissure”.

Back 41

Slit within a bone or between bones.

Front 42

Define “fossa”.

Back 42

Deeper indented of bone.

Front 43

Define “tuberosity”.

Back 43

A larger more prominent tubercle.

Front 44

Define “sulcus”.

Back 44

Another name for a groove.

Front 45

Define “foramen”.

Back 45

Hole in a bone.

Front 46

Define “process”.

Back 46

Any bony projection.

Front 47

Define “crest”.

Back 47

Ridge along a bone.

Front 48

Define “trochanter”.

Back 48

A large bong projection only found in the femur.

Front 49

Define “fovea”.

Back 49

Shallow pit.

Front 50

What is the general function of bone projection?

Back 50

Provides a point of attachment for tendons or ligaments.

Front 51

What is the general function(s) of a depression?

Back 51

(1) Provide pathways along which blood vessels and nerves travel. (2) Allow two bones to come together to form a joint.

Front 52

What is the general function of an opening?

Back 52

House and protect structures such as blood vessels and special sensory organs.

Front 53

__________ provide pathways along which blood vessels and nerves travel, or allow two bones to come together to form a joint.

Back 53

Depressions.

Front 54

________ House and protect structures such as blood vessels and special sensory organs.

Back 54

Openings

Front 55

___________ provide points of attachment for ligaments and tendons.

Back 55

Projections.

Front 56

___________ are the five long bones of the foot.

Back 56

Metatarsals.

Front 57

The _______________ is the U-shaped bone in the superior neck. It does not articulate with any skill bone, or ANY bone.

Back 57

Hyoid bone.

Front 58

_________ are the eight short bones found in the wrist.

Back 58

Carpals.

Front 59

_________ are one of the two general types of bones found in the skull that encase the brain.

Back 59

Cranial bones.

Front 60

The _______ is a thin, triangular, flat bone lying on the posterior surface of the rib cage.

Back 60

Scapula.