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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Sternum |
Manubrium Body Xyphoid Process |
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Ribs |
7 true ribs - 1-7 5 False (2 floating) |
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Costal Cartilage |
Cartilage of Hyaline that protrudes the ribs forward |
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Lungs Apex, Base, Hilum
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Apex - top of lungs Base- bottom Hilum where trachea meets lungs |
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Lungs Lobes |
Right lung has 3 lobes: Sup, Inf, Middle Left lung has 2 lobes: Sup, Inf |
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Lung Fissures |
Horizontal Fissure spearates Sup from Middle Oblique seperates Sup from inferior |
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Lungs (Surface etc) |
Lingula is just inferior to cardiac notch on right hand side Cardiac notch is a space for heart to fit Left lobe: Aortic and Cardiac Impressions Right lobe: Cardiac and esophageal |
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Trachea |
Splits into Right and Left Bronchi (primary) Splits into Superior, inf, middle bronchi (secondary) (3 branches for right 2 in ght left) Splits into tertiary bronchi |
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Trachea Cartilages
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Most superior ring is cricoid cartilage Thyroid cartilage is on top of cricoid All inferior cartilage rings are shaped like letter C (Tracheal cartilages) Annular ligaments between tracheal cartilages |
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Mediastinum 4 compartments |
Anterior- b/w sternum and heart contains thymus gland Superior- above T4-T5 junction, contains trachea and great vessels Middle- contains heart Posterior - contains esophagus, vagus nerves |
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External Intercostals |
O: Lower margins of ribs I- II I: superior borders next ribs inferior to each rib of origin A: Elevates rib cage |
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Internal intercostals |
O: ridge of inner surface ribs I-II I: superior borders of nexxts ribs inferior to each rib of origin A: depresses rib cage |
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Transverse thoracis |
O: posterior surface of sternum I: Inner surface of costal cartilage ribs 3-8 A: depresses costal cartilage of ribs 3-8 |
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Subcostals |
O: lateral inner surface of ribs I-II I: medial inner surface of ribs 1 or 2 inferior to each rib of origin A: depresses ribs |
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Levatores costarum |
Transverse process of C7-T11 Laterally to costal angles of ribs next inferior to each rib of origin Elevates ribs; lateral flexion of spine |
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Diaphragm (openings) |
Caval- most superior, hole for IVC
Esophageal- hole for esophagus Aortic- hole for aorta most inferior |
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Diaphragm (features) |
Innervated by phrenic nerve from C3-C5 Contraction depresses floor of thoracic cavity |
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External Oblique |
O: external surface of ribs 5-12 I: Crest of illium; pubic tubercle; xiphoid process A: rotates/flexes trunk |
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Internal Oblique |
O: Thoracolumbar fascia; crest of ilium I: ribs 9/10-12; linea alba A: rotates/flexes trunk |
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Transversus abdominis |
O: costal cartilages of ribs 7-12 I:xiphoid process of sternum A: compresses abdominal contents |
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Rectus abdominis |
O: crest of pubis; pubic symphysis I: xiphoid process A: compresses abdominal contents; flexes trunk |
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Pyramidalis |
O: anterior pubis I: linea alba A: tenses linea alba |
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Campers Fascia |
Subcutaneous layer containing fat and vasculature |
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Scarpa's fascia |
Deep but superficial to aponeruosis of extrnal oblique |
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Tendinous inscriptions |
fibrous rectus sheath tightly adherent to the muscle at 3 tendinous inscriptions which divide muscle into 4 segments |
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Aponeuroses |
Sheet tendons |
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Linea alba |
midline crossing and interacing the aponeuroses of the 3 lateral abdominal muscles |
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Inguinal ligament |
connects the anterior superior iliac spine and pubic tubercle with inferior border of aponeurosis of external oblique |
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Esophagus |
Left vagus nerves runs anteriorly Right runs posteriorly |
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Stomach (4 regions) |
Cardia- where esophagus enters
Fundus- upper left Body- main part Pylorus- connecting to duodenum---> split into plyoric antrum and pyloric canal |
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Stomach External surface features |
inscisura angularis- angle where stomach chages sulcus intermedius- separates the antrum from the canal |
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Liver (lobes) |
Left and Right lobes Caudate lobe is superior and posterior to quadrate |
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Porta hepatis |
A region in the liver wehre hepatic portal vein the hepatic artery proper and common hepatic duct meet |
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Gall Bladder |
cystic duct comes from neck and meets the common hepatic duct which collects from the LandR hepatic ducts. The common hepatic duct drains into the common bile duct |
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Coronary Ciruclation |
Arteries: Left and Right Coronary Arteries. Left branches into circumflex and anterior interventricular branch Right branches into atrial branch and marginal branch Veins: Great cardiac vein, small cardiac veins, and anterior cardiac veins |
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Obliterated organs from fetal developmen |
DA- becomes ligamentum arteriosum Foramen ovale- becomes fossa ovalis umbilical vein- becomes ligamentum teres ductus venosus- ligamentum venosum |