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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
D5W
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5% dextrose in water; packed as an isotonic solution but becomes hypotonic once
in the body because the glucose (solute) dissolved in sterile water is metabolized rapidly by the body’s cells. |
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D10W
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10% dextrose in water
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0.45% saline
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1/2 NS
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0.9% saline
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NS
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3.0% saline
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3% NS
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Colloid solutions
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IV fluids containing large proteins and molecules
that tend to stay within the vascular space (blood vessels) |
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Crystalloid solutions
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IV fluids containing varying concentrations of
electrolytes. |
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Hypertonic crystalloid
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A crystalloid solution that has a higher concentration
of electrolytes than the body plasma |
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Hypotonic crystalloid
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A crystalloid solution that has a lower concentration
of electrolytes than the body plasma |
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Intravenous fluids
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Chemically prepared solutions that are administered
to a patient through the IV site |
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Isotonic crystalloid
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A crystalloid solution that has the same concentration
of electrolytes as the body plasma |
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Lactated Ringer’s
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An isotonic crystalloid solution containing the
solutes sodium chloride, potassium chloride, calcium chloride, and sodium lactate, dissolved in sterile water (solvent) |
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Normal saline solution
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An isotonic crystalloid solution that contains
sodium chloride (salt) as the solute, dissolved in sterile water (solvent). The specific concentration for normal saline solution is 0.9% |
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Osmosis
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The movement of water across a semipermeable membrane
from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. This movement of water allows the equalization of the solute-to-solution ratio across the membrane |
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Solute
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Particles that are dissolved in the sterile water (solvent) of an IV fluid
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Solvent
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The liquid portion of an IV solution that the solute(s) dissolves into. The most common solvent is sterile water
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Used frequently in intravenous drips (IVs) for patients who cannot take fluids orally
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Normal saline (NS)
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Used in patients who have developed or are in danger of developing dehydration or hypovolemia
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Normal saline (NS)
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The safest fluid to give quickly in large volumes.
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Normal saline (NS)
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Used in treating hyponatremia and cerebral edema.
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Hypertonic saline
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Concentrations > __% NaCl should only be given via central venous catheter.
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2%
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5% dextrose in 0.225% saline
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D5 1/4 NS
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5% dextrose in 0.33% saline
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D5 1/3 NS
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5% dextrose in 0.45% saline
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D5 1/2 NS
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5% dextrose in 0.9% saline
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D5NS
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Ringer's solution
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1.A solution resembling blood serum in its salt constituents, containing sodium chloride, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride in water
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2 types of IV access
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1. Peripheral
2. Central |