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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
European Birch |
Betula pendula |
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White Mulberry |
Morus alba |
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Japanese Knotweed |
Polygonum cuspidatum |
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Sweet Cherry |
Prunus avium |
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Norway Maple |
Acer platanoides |
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Tree-of-Heaven |
Ailanthus altissima |
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European Alder |
Alnus glutinosa |
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Common Buckthorn |
Rhamnus cathartica |
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Glossy Buckthorn |
Rhamnus frangula |
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Multiflora Rose |
Rosa multiflora |
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Garlic Mustard |
Alliaria petiolata |
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Phragmites |
Phragmites australis |
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Burning Bush |
Euonymus alatus |
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Japanese Barberry |
Berberis thunbergii |
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Tartarian Honeysuckle |
Lonicera tartarica |
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European Alders have sticky twigs and leaves, thus the name "glutinosa." The native Speckle Alder has pointed leaves, the European has round leaves. |
How are European Alders different from native ones? |
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Leaves are high in nitrogen, so when they fall on the ground they encourage high decomposition of leaf litter. Changes soil fertility. |
How does Common Buckthorn affect the soil around it? |
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Fringed stipule in Multiflora rose. |
How do you distinguish between native roses and the Multiflora rose? |
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Garlic Mustard releases allelotoxins into the soil, killing mycorrhizal bacteria. Hardwood's are stunted in growth and hardwood seedlings die. |
How does Garlic Mustard affect the surrounding soil? |
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- clog waterways - decrease wetland area - monoculture - extremely invasive |
How are Phragmites a problem? |
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Four corky winged ridges along green twigs, differentiates it from native Wahoo and Spindletree. |
What is distinctive about Burning Bush twigs? |
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Call it Barberry because of the barbs on its stems. Out competes native shrubs, leaf litter alters soil chemistry, safety hazard. |
Why do they call is Barberry? What issues does this invasive pose? |
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Pith is brown with hollow center in Tartarian, native has solid white pith. |
What is the difference between native and Tartarian Honeysuckle? |
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An organism that is not wanted in a given area, because it causes damage or interferes with management goals. |
What is a "weed"? |
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A non-native/exotic/alien species is one that was introduced on purpose or by accident to a region by humans, which were not in the region beforehand and would not be spread except for human interference. |
What is a "non-native"? |
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A noxious weed is one that is designated legally as a pest (often agricultural pests). These species can: decrease crop yield and quality, harbor insects and diseases of crops, create unsafe conditions, poison humans, wildlife and livestock. |
What does a "noxious weed" refer to? |
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1) High reproductive rates 2) Highly competitive for resources 3) Able to grow in flourish in a variety of habitats. |
What makes a species "invasive"? |
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1) Rapid growth and short life cycle. 2) Deep root system. 3) Prolific flowering. 4) Able to grow in wide range of habitats. 5) High number of seeds produced. 6) Long seed dormancy and staggered germination. 7) Efficient method of seed dispersal. 8) Able to reproduce asexually or sexually. 9) If they sexually reproduce, can make use of available pollinators in environment (insects, birds, bats). 10) Plant growth and reproduction do not match native cycles. 11) Provide shade, can be great detriment to native plants. 12) Benefit from allelopathy. 13) Resistant to grazing. |
List some common characteristics of invasive plants. |
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1) Disturbance regimes (i.e. fires) 2) Hydrology 3) Geomorphological processes (i.e. erosion, sedimentation). 4) Soil chemistry (i.e. nutrients) |
What are some ecosystem level impacts of invasives? |
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1) Vegetation structure 2) Community (species) composition 3) Resource competition 4) Negative impacts on native animals 5) Promotion of non-native invasive animals 6) Population eliminations, reductions 7) Reduced recruitment of natives (succession) 8) Hybridization with native species |
Name some community and population level impacts of invasives. |