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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Public Policy
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An international course of action followed by a governmental institution or official for resolving an issue of public concern.
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Political Culture
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Widely held values, beliefs, and attitudes on what government should be.
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Dual Federalism
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Each level of government has distinct, independent, functions
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Cooperative Feaderalism
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All levels of government work together on both the development and implementation of policy
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Commerce Clause
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Artice 1, Section 8 of the constitution delegates to congress such powers as to tax and spend for the general welfare, to regulate interstate and foreign commerce to coin money, etc.
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Arena shopping(Venue Shopping)
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Those dissatissafied with government policy on one level can look else where for favorable actions and policies.
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Policy formulation
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Detailed pocess of using normative and emperical methods of defining a policy goal, exploring alternative to achieve the goal and then choosing a perfered policy solution
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How are policy problems defined?
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Not only by their objective dimensions, but also by their social constructs
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How does a caustion relate to policy formulation?
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The problem can only be fixed only when one know what causes it
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Tractibilty
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How difficult will the problem be fixed
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Systemic agenda
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All issues tha are commonly percieved by members of the political community as worthy of attention by both public and government authority
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Institiutional agenda
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The problems which are currently under consideration for action
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Down's Issue Attention Cycle
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The pre problem stage
Alarmed Realized Gradual |
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Policy Entrepreneur
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Members of congress, interest groups representatives, agency officials and citizens who push policy proposals
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Bottom-up policymaking
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Refers to citizen or interest group impacts on policy formulation at the grassroots level
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Stakeholder
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An individual who has a stake in policy formulation and outcomes and may or may not be a client or prospective beneficiary of a particular policy
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Reasons for studying public policy
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theoretical- in order to better understand and explain how policies happen; political scientists develop models to facilitate explanations
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Practical
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In order to apply knowledge to solve practical problems
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Political
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In order to understand the resulting policies and how they came to be
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Stages Model
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Used as a mechanism by which to take part the policy making process in order to better understand its workings
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Policy Analysis
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The examination of empirical data to determine the influence of an implemenmtal policy
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Problem Identification
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The intitial stage in the heuristic of the policy making process
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Policy Problems
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A condition or situation that produces needs or dissatisfaction amoung people who then desire government action
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Causation
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What causes a problem is important to determine, otherwise remedies can be misguided
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