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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
embryonic and germinal stages
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through 2nd month-- child is most vulnerable
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fetal stage
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2nd month- birth
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When is a fetus viable?
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between 22 and 26 months
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cephalocaudal trend
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progression of muscle coordination from head to foot
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proximodistal trend
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progression of muscle coordination from center to outward
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when does seperation anxiety start and peak?
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starts-- 6-8 months
peaks-- 14-18 months |
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John Bowlby's views on attachment
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biological/evolutionary
infants are genetically programmed to behave in ways that trigger affectionate, protective response from adults |
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Mary Ainsworth's views on attachment
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secure attachment, anxious ambivalent, avoidant
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Harry Harlow's views on attachment
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wire vs. cloth monkey mothers, monkeys want cloth mother, suggests biological basis or contact comfort
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secure attachment
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distress when mom leaves, comfort when she comes home. mom--> home base
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anxious-ambivalent attachment
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still anxious when mom is around, distress when mom leaves, not comforted when mom comes back
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avoidant attachment
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not really intersted in mom, not distressed when she leaves
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Jay Belsky's views on attachment
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if environment is safe and rich in resources, child more likely to form SECURE attachments, therefore forming QUALITY mating relationships later in life
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Erikson's third stage:
initiative vs. guilt |
how to pursue his or her own interests and get along with others
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Piaget's Stage Theory order
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1) sensorimotor
2) preoperational 3) concrete operational 4) formal operational |
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sensorimotor period
(Piaget) |
birth to 2 years
circular reactions, object permanence |
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object permanence
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represents symbolic thought
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preoperational period
(Piaget) |
2-7 years
CANNOT do conservation tasks, can't understand physical quantities staying the same |
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concrete operational period
(Piaget) |
7-11 y ears
perform operations on images of tangible objects and actual events CAN do conservation tasks |
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formal operational period
(Piaget) |
11 to adulthood
apply operations to abstrat concepts thoughts are abstract, symbolic, logical and reflective |
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At what stage in Piaget's theory are children's thought processes particularly egocentric?
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preoperational stage
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Lev Vygotsky theory of child development`
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NOT A STAGE THEORY
children’s cognitive development is fueled by social interactions with adults and older children who provide guidance to allow the child to gradually increase competence on the task. |
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Wynn's study of infant math
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at 9 months infants are capable of performing numerical computations
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Kohlberg
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moral development is determined by cognitive development
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Recent research on memory in older adults shows
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age-related declines in the capacity of working memory.
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distinctiveness in personality
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the behavioral differences among people reacting to the same situations
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acute stressors
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major stress--threatening events that have ae relatively short duration and clear endpoint
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chronic stressors
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threatening events that have a relatively long duration and no readily apparent time limit
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Selye-- general adaptation syndrome
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model of stress response
1)alarm 2)resistance 3)exhaustion |
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multifactoral causation
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physical health can be affected by many different things, emotional, biological, psychological
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terror management theory
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humans are like animals except more cognitively complex so we can be more self-aware
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