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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Deception |
When a speaker transmits knowingly and intentionally for the purpose of creating a false belief in the receiver. High stakes and low stakes |
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Lies |
Falsification, omission, half truth, equivocation, exaggeration, Lie of context |
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Elements for deception |
Knowingly, purposeful, believability |
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Conversation principle |
Quality maxim = truthful Quantity maxim = relative amount Relevancy maxim = topic related Manner maxim = language use |
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Conversations |
Speech acts, free information, beginning – middle – end Opening – feedforward – business – feedback – closing |
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Component communication |
Based on perception of partner |
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Effective communication |
Occurs when the receivers response is in keeping with the intent of the sources message |
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The reasons why we develop relationships |
Alleviate loneliness, secure stimulation, establish contact for self knowledge, enhance self-esteem, maximize pleasure/minimize pain |
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Characteristics of personal relationships |
Explanatory ability, predictability, uniqueness |
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Equity theory |
Over benefited and under benefited |
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Uncertainty reduction theory |
People find uncertainty and pleasant so they will be motivated to reduce the uncertainty by means of interpersonal communication |
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need to belong theory |
Humans naturally sick to form, maintain, protect social relationships Interactive ability Emotional connection |
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Social penetration theory |
Breadth = Number of topics Depth = Level topics are discussed |
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Choosing |
Proximity, attractiveness, similarity, mutual feelings, complementary, reinforcement/reward |
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Stage models… Coming together |
Initiating, experimenting, intensifying, integrating, bonding |
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Stage models… Coming apart |
Differentiation, Circumscribing, stagnating, avoiding, terminating |
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Maintenance strategies |
Positivity, openness, assurance, sharing tasks, Social networks, expressing appreciation |
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Repair strategies |
Identifying problems, metacommunication, changing behaviors |
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Termination strategies |
Manipulation, withdrawal /avoidance, positive tone |
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Reconciliation strategies |
Activities, mediation, ultimatums, metacommunication, vulnerable appeal |
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Feelings of romance |
Intimacy, passion, commitment |
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Dialectical tensions |
Autonomy..... connection Novelty… Predictability Open Ness… Closedness |
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Masculinity |
Aggressive, competitive, independent, and emotional, sexually active, acquisition of resources |
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Femininity |
Attractive, devalued, empathetic, nurturing, cooperative, submissive, relationship oriented, emotionally expressive |
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Androgyny |
Masculine and feminine traits May take on role of opposite gender Metrosexual |
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Expressive talk |
Communication has the primary way to establish closeness and intimacy in relationships |
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Instrumental talk |
Solve problems and accomplish tasks |
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Conflict characteristics |
Inevitable and necessary part of human interaction Natural outgrowth of individual differences Conflict can be viewed positively |
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Types of |
Pseudo-content value and ego |
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When conflict is needed |
Stagnant, to meet a challenge, to slower speed up the process, to challenge the status quo, when change is needed, when there is perceived in equity or inequality |
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Six bases a power |
Referent = Desired to be late Legitimate = Based on role Reward Coercive = ability to administer punishment Expert Communicative = Persuasion |
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Principle of less and least interest |
The more someone needs a relationship the less power the person Hass |
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Power is attributed due two factors |
Perceived control Needs or resources |
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Nonverbal communication |
All actions attributes and object of humans other than words |
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Importance of nonverbal communication |
65 - 93% of the message More believable than verbal Constant Frequently misunderstood |
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Characteristics of nonverbal communication |
Multiple channels, sometimes unconscious, more ambiguous than verbal, continuous, less control, lacks formal instruction |
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Emblems |
Direct translation like a thumbs up |
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Illustrators |
Go with the verbal message |
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Affect display |
Micro expression |
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Regulators |
Control conversation |
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Adapters |
Satisfy needs |
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Paralanguage |
Involves volume, rate, accidents, pitch |
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Emotions |
Feelings we experience that significantly affect how we communicate with others |
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Boundary violations |
Disconfirming messages, personal inappropriate questions, inappropriate touching, attempts to control our thoughts |
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Disconfirmation |
Communication that feels to validate others and creates negative claimants such as ignoring not at knowledge Ing thoughts or feelings and refusing to except opinions or |
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Facilitative emotions |
Help effective functioning |
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Debilitative emotions |
Hurt effective functioning |
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Stages of listening |
Receiving - selecting the stimuli Processing - critical thinking Responding – feedback active listening prompting |
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Overcoming barriers |
Be patient, ask questions, avoid interrupting, be aware of barriers, concentrate energies |
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Disconfirming listening |
Rebuttal, interrupting, defensive, literally, selective, Slidell listening |
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Confirming responses |
Prompting cues, questioning |
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Active listening |
Process of sending back to the speaker what you think in both content and feeling |
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Feed forward |
Information sent prior to the primary message telling or preparing for messages to come |
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Denotative |
Dictionary |
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Connotative |
Elect emotions |
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In discrimination |
All women/men are |
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Allness |
Tendency to describe the world in extreme terms like always or never |
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Static evaluation |
Keyword equals is |
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Polarization |
When you see things either black or white |
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Equivocation |
Language that disguises a speaker is true intentions |
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Indexing |
Maybe, could be, perhaps |
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Owning thoughts |
Excepting responsibility |
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Dating |
Providing chronological content |
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Perception stages |
Selection, organization, interpretation and a valuation and |
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Selection |
Salience And vividness |
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Organization |
Schemas proximity and similarity closer |
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Schemas |
Classifying stimuli into manageable groups |
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Interpretation |
Assigning meaning expectancy and familiarity |
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Self-concept |
Social comparison pigmalion affect |
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Self image |
Rose, personality traits, physical characteristics |
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Self-esteem |
Southworth, value and importance, how I feel about self image |
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Self fulfilling prophecy |
Expectations are predictions we make for ourselves |
