Information Systems Midterm 1

Front 1

Definition of an Information System

Back 1

-Set of Interrelated Components
-Collect, process, store, and distribute information
-Support Decision Making, coordination, and control.

Front 2

Data Vs Information

Back 2

Data: Streams of RAW FACTS

Information: Data shaped into MEANINGFUL form

Front 3

Managment Levels in an Organization

Back 3

Level 1: Operational Managment-Production, Service, Data workers

Level 2: Middle Mngmnt: Scientists, Knowledge workers.

Level 3: Senior Mngmnt

Front 4

IT Infastructure

Back 4

Consists of physical devices and software apps required to operate the entire enterprise. "service platform"
(human services.)

Front 5

Business Processes

Back 5

How work is organized, coordinated, and focused to produce a product or service.
Concrete workflows (materials, information, knowledge)
Unique ways org's coordinate work, information, knowledge

Front 6

Transaction Processing System

(TPS)

Back 6

*Elementary/Routine activities* & transactions of the org: ie sales, receipts, cash deposits, payroll, and the flow of materials in a factory.

Front 7

Management Information Systems

(MIS)

Back 7

Provides middle mngrs with reports on the org’s current performance. This info (based on TPS) is used to MONITOR and CONTROL the business and PREDICT future performance.

Front 8

Decision Support Systems

(DSS)

Back 8

NON-ROUTINE decisions
Issues: Not defined in advance.
Supports Middle mngmnt in solving unique and rapidly changing problems.

Front 9

Enterprise Applications

Back 9

-Span functional areas and levels, allows to execute processes across firm
Types of Systems:
-Enterprise (ERP)
-Supply chain mngmnt (SCM)
-CRM
-Knowledge Mngment

Front 10

TPS
MIS
DSS
ESS

Back 10

Transaction Processing System
Managment Information Systems
Decision Support Systems
Executive Support System

Front 11

Chief Information Officer

Back 11

Overseas the use of Information Technology in the firm. Expected to have a stong buz background and IS expertise. Leadership role in integrating IT into firm's strategy.

Front 12

IT Governance

Back 12

(IT Police) Strategy and policies for using IT within an organization. Decision rights, accountability to ensure use of IT supports org's strats' and objectives.

Front 13

Competitive Forces Model

Back 13

Traditional Competitors
Suppliers
Customers
New Market Entrants
Substitute products or services

Front 14

IS Stragies for dealing with Competitive forces

Back 14

IS for low cost leader
IS for differentiation
IS for market niche
Strenthen Customer and supplier intimacy

Front 15

Value Chain Model

Back 15

Highlights specific activities in the business where competitive strategies can best be applied & where information systems are most likely to have a strategic impact.

Front 16

Value Chain Model:
Primary Activities

Back 16

Directly related to the production and distribution of firm’s products and services, which create value for the customer. Primary activities include inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, sales and marketing, and service.

Front 17

Value Chain Model:
Support Activities

Back 17

Delivery of the primary activities possible and consist of organization infrastructure ( administration and management), human resources ( employee recruiting, hiring, and training), technology ( improving products and the production process), and procurement ( purchas-ing input).

Front 18

Moore's Law

Back 18

Number of transistors that can be placed on an IC has doubled approximately every two years

Front 19

Web Services

Back 19

Program you use through the web.

Front 20

XML

Back 20

Extensible Markup Language.
Set of rules to format data for use over the web.

Front 21

Service Orientated Architecture
(SOA)

Back 21

set of self contained services that communicate with each other to create a working software application

Front 22

Problems with Traditional File enviornments

Back 22

systems tended to grow independently without a company- wide plan.
Data Redundency and inconsistency.
Program Data Dependence.Lack of flexibilty
Poor Security
Lack of data sharing and availability

Front 23

Database Managment Systems
(DBMS)

Back 23

Software that permits an organization to centralize data, manage them efficiently, and provide access to the stored data by application programs. The DBMS acts as an interface between application programs and the physical data files.

Front 24

Relational DBMS

Back 24

Relational databases represent data as two- dimensional tables ( called relations). Tables may be referred to as files. Each table contains data on an entity and its attributes. Oracle Database, SQL

Front 25

Web Services

Back 25

Refer to a set of loosely coupled software components that exchange information with each other using universal Web communication standards and languages.

Front 26

Key Fields

Back 26

Primary Key: Unique identifier for all the information in any row of the table and can't be duplicated.
Foreign Key: lookup field to identify records from original table

Front 27

Data Warehouse

Back 27

database that stores current and historical data of potential interest to decision makers throughout the company.

Front 28

Data Marts

Back 28

subset of a data warehouse in which a summarized or highly focused portion of the organization’s data is placed in a separate database for a specific population of users. (ie marketing)

Front 29

Business Intelligence (BI)

Back 29

tools for consolidating, analyzing, and providing access to vast amounts of data to help users make better business decisions are often referred to business intelligence

Front 30

Data Mining

Back 30

Finds hinding patterns, relationships in large databases and infers rules to predict future behavior.

Front 31

TCP/IP
TCP: Transmission Control
IP: Internet

Protocol

Back 31

Protocol: A set of rules and procedures governing transmission of info between two points.
TCP: movement of data between computers
IP: Responsible for the delivery of packets, includes dissaebmlly and reassembly.

Front 32

Department of Defense reference model

Back 32

Application Layer
Transport Layer
Internet Layer
Network Interface Layer

Front 33

Local Area Networks LANs

Back 33

Client server, or peer to peer. Ethernet, star bus, ring topology.

Front 34

Physical Transmission Media

Back 34

Twisted wire
Coax Cable
Fiber Optic
Wireless, Microw, Sat, Cellular

Front 35

Bandwidth

Back 35

Capacity

Front 36

Internet Network Architecture

Back 36

Trunklines, regional networks, isps

Front 37

World Wide Web as an internet Service

Back 37

email, chatting im, news groups, telnet, FTP, WWW