Ifsta 6 Wfa Ch. 12 Ground Ladders

Front 1

What is one way that fire service ladders are different from ladders for private industry or general use?

Back 1

A. Fire service ladders mount differently on racks.
B. Fire service ladders are designed for lighter loads.
C. Fire service ladders provide a greater margin of safety.
D. Fire service ladders differ in construction, shape, and design.

Hint 1

C. Fire service ladders provide a greater margin of safety.

Front 2

NFPA® 1931 requires that single, roof combination and extension ladders must support a maximum load of:

Back 2

A. 200 lbs. (91 kg)
B. 300 lbs. (136 kg)
C. 600 lbs. (272 kg)
D. 750 lbs. (340 kg)

Hint 2

D. 750 lbs. (340 kg)

Front 3

NFPA® 1932 contains requirements for:

Back 3

A. ground ladder technique, training, and practice.
B. ground ladder carrying, placement, and raising.
C. ladder use, care, maintenance and service testing.
D. ladder design, construction, and testing specifications

Hint 3

C. ladder use, care, maintenance and service testing.

Front 4

The lowest, widest section of an extension ladder is called the:

Back 4

A. halyard.
B. fly section.
C. truss block.
D. bed section.

Hint 4

D. bed section.

Front 5

Which of the following BEST describes the butt of a ladder?

Back 5

A. The bottom end of the ladder
B. The extreme top of the ladder
C. A cross member that provides support for climbing
D. A main structural member that supports the rungs

Hint 5

A. The bottom end of the ladder

Front 6

Which of the following BEST describes a halyard?

Back 6

A. Rope or cable used for hoisting and lowering fly sections
B. Upper section of an extension ladder, the section that moves
C. Device attached to the inside of beams to hold fly section in place
D. Metal rods located beneath rungs extending from one beam to another of a wood ladder

Hint 6

A. Rope or cable used for hoisting and lowering fly sections

Front 7

What is the term for the cross members that extend from one beam to the other and provide a foothold for climbing?

Back 7

A. Rails
B. Rungs
C. Truss blocks
D. Protection plates

Hint 7

B. Rungs

Front 8

What is the most common material used for fire service ladders?

Back 8

A. Steel
B. Wood
C. Aluminum
D. Fiberglass

Hint 8

C. Aluminum

Front 9

Ladders made of ___ conduct heat, cold, and electricity, and may accumulate ice on the rungs in cold weather.

Back 9

A. wood
B. aluminum
C. fiberglass
D. carbon fiber

Hint 9

B. aluminum

Front 10

Which of the following statements BEST describes wood ladders?

Back 10

A. Wood ladders are light and easy to handle.
B. Wood ladders have the lowest cost of all fire service ladders.
C. Wood ladders offer better resistance to flexing and bouncing when being climbed.
D. Wood ladders can fail suddenly when exposed to heat in excess of 200° F (93.33° C).

Hint 10

C. Wood ladders offer better resistance to flexing and bouncing when being climbed.

Front 11

Which of the following statements about ladder materials is MOST accurate?

Back 11

A. Aluminum ladders are heat-resistant.
B. Wood ladders conduct heat, cold and electricity.
C. Fiberglass ladders can suddenly crack and fail if overloaded.
D. Fiberglass ladders are the least expensive fire service ladders.

Hint 11

C. Fiberglass ladders can suddenly crack and fail if overloaded.

Front 12

NFPA® 1931 requires which of the following markings on fire service ladders?

Back 12

A. Apparatus designation
B. Local inventory number
C. Manufacturer’s name plate
D. White or reflective top rung

Hint 12

C. Manufacturer’s name plate

Front 13

Fire service ladders meeting the requirements of NFPA® 1931 are required to have:

Back 13

A. a certification label indicating the ladder meets NFPA® 1931.
B. a locally assigned apparatus designation and inventory number.
C. a mark indicating the balance point of ladders less than 24 feet (7 m).
D. a label indicating the position of the ladder when properly racked on the apparatus.

Hint 13

A. a certification label indicating the ladder meets NFPA® 1931.

Front 14

Which of the following statements about heat sensor labels is MOST accurate?

Back 14

A. Heat sensors are required on all wood ladders.
B. Heat sensors are preset to change color at 300° F (149° C).
C. Heat sensors are required only on the bed section of extension ladders.
D. Heat sensors are placed near the second rung from the base of the ladder.

Hint 14

B. Heat sensors are preset to change color at 300° F (149° C).

Front 15

Which of the following BEST describes a single, or straight, ladder?

Back 15

A. Base section with one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed
B. Designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder, equipped with positive locking devices
C. One section, fixed length, used for quick access to roofs and windows of one- and two-story buildings
D. Telescoping ladder made up of bed rails and hand rails separated by bracing, typically pivoted into place

Hint 15

C. One section, fixed length, used for quick access to roofs and windows of one- and two-story buildings

Front 16

Which of the following BEST describes an advantage of trussed ladder design?

Back 16

A. Reduces painting and cleaning time
B. Maximizes strength while reducing weight
C. Prevents fly section of extension ladders from being extended too far
D. Allows ladders to be more easily carried through narrow passages

Hint 16

B. Maximizes strength while reducing weight

Front 17

Which of the following statements BEST describes roof ladders?

Back 17

A. Self-supporting A-frame stepladder equipped with positive locking devices
B. Single ladders equipped with hooks that anchor the ladder in place while a firefighter is working
C. Extension ladders which can be adjusted to specific lengths needed to access different roof heights
D. Single ladders with hinged rungs that allow a ladder to be folded so one rung rests against the other

Hint 17

B. Single ladders equipped with hooks that anchor the ladder in place while a firefighter is working

Front 18

Which type of ladder has hinged rungs that allow the ladder to be folded so that one beam rests against the other, allowing it to be carried in narrow passageways?

Back 18

A. Roof ladder
B. Folding ladder
C. Extension ladder
D. Combination ladder

Hint 18

B. Folding ladder

Front 19

Which of the following BEST describes an extension ladder?

Back 19

A. Equipped with folding hooks that anchor the ladder over the ridge of a pitched roof
B. Designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder, equipped with positive locking devices
C. Comprised of a base section and one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed
D. Designed with hinged rungs that allow the ladder to be folded so that one beam rests against the other

Hint 19

C. Comprised of a base section and one or more fly sections, can be adjusted to specific length needed

Front 20

Which type of ladder is designed to be used as a self-supporting stepladder and as a single or extension ladder?

Back 20

A. Roof ladder
B. Straight ladder
C. Extension ladder
D. Combination ladder

Hint 20

D. Combination ladder

Front 21

Pumper apparatus are required by NFPA® 1901 to carry one folding ladder, one roof ladder, and:

Back 21

A. one single ladder.
B. one extension ladder.
C. two extension ladders.
D. one combination ladder.

Hint 21

B. one extension ladder.

Front 22

NFPA® 1901 requires quint fire apparatus to carry a minimum of ___ of ground ladders of the same types required for pumper apparatus.

Back 22

A. 50 feet (15 m)
B. 85 feet (26 m)
C. 100 feet (30 m)
D. 115 feet (35 m)

Hint 22

B. 85 feet (26 m)

Front 23

Which of the following statements about inspecting ladder elements is MOST accurate?

Back 23

A. Wood ladders should be inspected for cracked welds.
B. Discoloration of fiberglass ladders could indicate heat exposure.
C. Ladder shoes should be smooth, with rounded or mitered edges.
D. An extension ladder halyard cable should be slack when the ladder is in the bedded position.

Hint 23

B. Discoloration of fiberglass ladders could indicate heat exposure.

Front 24

Which of the following statements about ladder inspection is MOST accurate?

Back 24

A. Ladders must be service tested after each use, and once each month.
B. Ladders that cannot be repaired must be destroyed or scrapped for parts.
C. Ladders must be inspected by a trained and certified ladder technician.
D. NFPA® 1932 requires ladders be inspected after each use, and once each week

Hint 24

B. Ladders that cannot be repaired must be destroyed or scrapped for parts.

Front 25

Ground ladders should be service tested before being placed in service, ___ while in service, and after use that exposes the ladder to high heat or rough treatment.

Back 25

A. after cleaning
B. once each year
C. once each week
D. according to the manufacturer’s schedule

Hint 25

B. once each year

Front 26

Which of the following is the BEST way to clean a fire service ground ladder?

Back 26

A. Wipe with a soft dry cloth, never expose to water.
B. Wipe with a cloth soaked in a solvent, such as kerosene or turpentine.
C. Wash with a pressure washer, stiff scrub brush, and automotive detergent.
D. Wash with a soft bristle brush and running water and use mild soap as needed.

Hint 26

D. Wash with a soft bristle brush and running water and use mild soap as needed.

Front 27

Which of the following statements about ladder maintenance is MOST accurate?

Back 27

A. Ladders should be painted as needed, at least annually.
B. Routine ladder maintenance may be performed by firefighters.
C. Routine ladder maintenance requires a trained ladder repair technician.
D. Fire service ladders are moisture-resistant, and can be safely stored in damp locations.

Hint 27

B. Routine ladder maintenance may be performed by firefighters.

Front 28

Which of the following BEST illustrates a safety guideline for handling ladders?

Back 28

A. Ladders may not be raised within 35 feet (11 m) of electrical wires or equipment.
B. Firefighters should wear a full body harness and safety line when training on ladders.
C. Firefighters should minimize training on ladders to reduce the chance of personal injury.
D. Ladders should never be tied to structures or any other object that may restrict their movement.

Hint 28

B. Firefighters should wear a full body harness and safety line when training on ladders.

Front 29

Which of the following statements about handling ladders is MOST accurate?

Back 29

A. A firefighter should relocate a positioned ladder only when ordered to do so.
B. Ladders should never carry a load greater than one firefighter every 20 feet (6 m).
C. Ladder stability should be checked during training by climbing several rungs and shifting left and right.
D. Firefighters should never secure themselves to a ladder; they must be able to quickly retreat while working.

Hint 29

A. A firefighter should relocate a positioned ladder only when ordered to do so.

Front 30

Factors to consider when deciding where to place a ladder include:

Back 30

A. the structural features of the building.
B. the estimated time required for the task.
C. the number of firefighters who will likely use the ladder.
D. the distance the ladder will be carried from the apparatus.

Hint 30

A. the structural features of the building.

Front 31

Which of the following BEST describes the two means of escape required when personnel are working on a roof or upper story?

Back 31

A. At least one ground ladder and one roof ladder
B. At least one ground ladder and one escape rope
C. At least two ladders located no more than ten feet apart
D. At least two ladders at remote locations from one another

Hint 31

D. At least two ladders at remote locations from one another

Front 32

When selecting a ladder to access a specific point, which of the following is MOST accurate regarding estimated distances and ladder reach?

Back 32

A. A commercial story averages 12 feet (4 m).
B. A residential story averages about 12 feet (4 m).
C. Extension ladders’ maximum extended length may be as much as 6 inches (150 mm) more than the designated length.
D. For ladders over 35 feet (11 m) in length, the reach is approximately 1 foot (300 mm) less than the designated length.

Hint 32

A. A commercial story averages 12 feet (4 m).

Front 33

Which of the following statements provides the BEST guideline for lifting and lowering ladders?

Back 33

A. When lowering a ladder, keep feet perpendicular to the ladder.
B. Keep knees straight and locked when lifting or lowering ladders.
C. Use the correct number of firefighters for the length and type of ladder to be lifted or lowered.
D. When lifting or lowering with a team, any member may start when ready, knowing the team will follow their lead.

Hint 33

C. Use the correct number of firefighters for the length and type of ladder to be lifted or lowered.

Front 34

Where may ladders be mounted on aerial or quint apparatus?

Back 34

A. Vertically, on the left or right side of the apparatus bed
B. Horizontally, in a fixed rack mounted above the hose bed
C. Horizontally, in a compartment accessed from the right side compartment door
D. In a mechanically operated rack that lowers the ladder from the top of the hose bed

Hint 34

A. Vertically, on the left or right side of the apparatus bed

Front 35

When performing a two-firefighter low-shoulder carry, where should the forward firefighter’s free hand be placed?

Back 35

A. Over the upper butt spur
B. Grasping the lower beam
C. Grasping the nearest rung at chest level
D. Extended to the side away from the ladder

Hint 35

A. Over the upper butt spur

Front 36

When three firefighters carry a ladder, how should they be positioned?

Back 36

A. Three firefighters equally spaced on the same side of the ladder
B. One firefighter at each end on one side of the ladder, the third on the other side in the middle
C. One firefighter on each side at the front of the ladder, the third at the center behind the ladder
D. One firefighter on each side behind the ladder, the third at the center at the front of the ladder

Hint 36

B. One firefighter at each end on one side of the ladder, the third on the other side in the middle

Front 37

Which of the following BEST describes the way to carry a roof ladder when using an extension ladder to access the roof?

Back 37

A. Shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip while on the ground, then climb the extension ladder to the roof.
B. Climb the extension ladder to the roof, then have another firefighter pass the roof ladder up from the ground.
C. Climb the extension ladder, shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip, and carry the rest of the way to deploy on the roof pitch.
D. Lift and slide the roof ladder onto the roof from the ground, then climb the extension ladder to deploy the roof ladder.

Hint 37

C. Climb the extension ladder, shoulder the roof ladder 3-4 rungs from the tip, and carry the rest of the way to deploy on the roof pitch.

Front 38

Which of the following describes the BEST placement of a ladder to be used for entry or rescue from a window?

Back 38

A. Ladder tip slightly below sill, or wedged under sill lip
B. Ladder directly in front of window, tip even with top of window
C. Ladder alongside window on windward side, tip even with top of window
D. Ladder directly in front of window, tip extended 3-5 rungs above the roof line

Hint 38

A. Ladder tip slightly below sill, or wedged under sill lip

Front 39

Which of the following statements about ladder placement is MOST accurate?

Back 39

A. Ladders should be placed to the side of openings including doors, and paths of travel.
B. Strong points in building construction should not be considered when placing ladders.
C. The Incident Commander designates the exact spot where the ladder butt should be placed.
D. The ladder butt should be placed as close as possible to the building to keep paths of travel clear.

Hint 39

A. Ladders should be placed to the side of openings including doors, and paths of travel.

Front 40

Which of the following statements about ladder placement is MOST accurate?

Back 40

A. Between the ladder and ground, the desired angle of inclination is about 45 degrees.
B. If the butt is placed too far from the building, the weight of a person tends to cause the tip to pull away from the building.
C. An easy way to determine the proper distance between the butt and the building is to divide the working length of the ladder by four.
D. When the ladder is at the proper angle, a firefighter standing straight on the bottom rung should be able to rest an elbow on the rung directly in front.

Hint 40

C. An easy way to determine the proper distance between the butt and the building is to divide the working length of the ladder by four.

Front 41

Which of the following must be done before raising a ladder?

Back 41

A. Secure the ladder.
B. Wrap and tie the halyard.
C. Place the ladder flat on the ground.
D. Check for overhead wires or electrical equipment.

Hint 41

D. Check for overhead wires or electrical equipment.

Front 42

The Occupational Health and Safety Administration requires ladders be kept a distance of at least 10 feet (3 m) from:

Back 42

A. sidewalks.
B. electrical lines.
C. charged hose lines.
D. flammable materials.

Hint 42

B. electrical lines.

Front 43

How should the fly section be positioned in relation to the structure on an extension ladder?

Back 43

A. The Incident Commander on the scene will determine the fly position.
B. Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly in, toward the structure.
C. Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly out, away from the structure.
D. Wooden ladders with rungs mounted in the top truss rail are intended to be used with the fly out, away from the structure.

Hint 43

C. Most metal and fiberglass ladders are designed to be used with the fly out, away from the structure.

Front 44

Which of the following statements about tying the extension ladder halyard is MOST accurate?

Back 44

A. The halyard should be tied using a figure-eight on a bight.
B. The halyard should be tied to prevent the fly from slipping.
C. The halyard should be tied before resting the ladder against the structure.
D. The halyard should be tied differently for closed- and for open-ended halyards.

Hint 44

B. The halyard should be tied to prevent the fly from slipping.

Front 45

Which of the following statements about ladder raises is MOST accurate?

Back 45

A. All ladders must be raised by two or more firefighters.
B. Ladders may be raised parallel to the building and pivoted after they are in the vertical position.
C. The firefighter at the tip of the ladder is responsible for giving commands during the raise.
D. Two firefighters may raise a ladder using either the flat raise method or the heel raise method.

Hint 45

B. Ladders may be raised parallel to the building and pivoted after they are in the vertical position.

Front 46

Which of the following is the BEST way to position a ladder that has been flat-raised parallel to the building?

Back 46

A. Shift the ladder to the side until it touches the building
B. Lower the ladder, change position, and raise perpendicular
C. Pivot the ladder 90 degrees on the beam closest to the building
D. Walk the ladder from one beam to the other into the desired position

Hint 46

C. Pivot the ladder 90 degrees on the beam closest to the building

Front 47

Which of the following BEST describes a situation where a raised ground ladder may be shifted?

Back 47

A. Fire personnel are ceasing operations and leaving the scene.
B. The ladder needs to be moved a short distance to align with a window.
C. The ladder was raised with the fly the incorrect position for deployment.
D. The Incident Commander has ordered the ladder be relocated on the opposite side of the building.

Hint 47

B. The ladder needs to be moved a short distance to align with a window.

Front 48

Heeling and tying in are two methods of:

Back 48

A. securing the fly section in an extended position.
B. securing a firefighter to a ladder while performing work.
C. preventing movement of the ladder away from the building.
D. supporting an unconscious victim while lowering down a ladder.

Hint 48

C. preventing movement of the ladder away from the building.

Front 49

Which of the following BEST describes the method used by a firefighter heeling from outside the ladder?

Back 49

A. Slide leg over and behind a rung, rest weight on thigh.
B. Chock butt end with one foot, grasp beams, and press ladder against building.
C. Stand with feet shoulder-width apart, grasp beams at eye level, and pull backward.
D. Place foot on bottom rung, grasp halyard, and rest weight against halyard rope.

Hint 49

B. Chock butt end with one foot, grasp beams, and press ladder against building.

Front 50

Which of the following statements about tying in is MOST accurate?

Back 50

A. Tying in frees personnel who would otherwise be holding the ladder in place.
B. Tying in is the process of securing a firefighter to the ladder while performing work.
C. Tying in is a complex process that can be performed only by experienced technicians.
D. Tying in requires a great deal of time and is not recommended in emergency situations.

Hint 50

A. Tying in frees personnel who would otherwise be holding the ladder in place.

Front 51

Which of the following describes the BEST technique for ascending a ladder with the least amount of bounce and sway?

Back 51

A. Climb smoothly and rhythmically.
B. Move hands and feet independently.
C. Climb quickly, with precise movements.
D. Straighten knees to quickly shift weight to each rung.

Hint 51

A. Climb smoothly and rhythmically.

Front 52

Which of the following statements about ladder climbing position is the MOST accurate?

Back 52

A. Keep arms straight (horizontal) during the climb.
B. Reach overhead, using arms to pull body upward.
C. Keep eyes focused upward, fixed on the tip of the ladder.
D. Lean into ladder, bringing body as close to rungs as possible.

Hint 52

A. Keep arms straight (horizontal) during the climb.

Front 53

To move a tool to a roof or upper floor during an emergency operation, a firefighter should:

Back 53

A. attach the tool to a ladder belt worn while climbing.
B. carry the tool with both hands, resting the tool on ladder rungs for balance.
C. carry the tool with one hand, slide the free hand under the ladder beam.
D. climb the ladder, then have another firefighter toss the tool up to the tip of the ladder.

Hint 53

C. carry the tool with one hand, slide the free hand under the ladder beam.

Front 54

What is the function of a ladder belt?

Back 54

A. Secure a ladder to an outside rack on an apparatus.
B. Support weight of large, heavy ladders during carries.
C. Prevent a raised ladder from moving away from a building.
D. Safely secure firefighter to a ladder while performing work.

Hint 54

D. Safely secure firefighter to a ladder while performing work.

Front 55

Which of the following BEST describes a way to secure a firefighter to a ladder while performing work?

Back 55

A. Leg lock
B. Butt spur
C. Ladder lock
D. Rope hose tool

Hint 55

A. Leg lock

Front 56

Which of the following statements about assisting a victim down a ladder is the MOST accurate?

Back 56

A. Conscious victims are lowered facing the firefighter.
B. The same lowering method is used for both conscious and unconscious victims.
C. Victims must be protected from slipping and falling when climbing down a ladder.
D. Other activity using the ladder can continue uninterrupted during rescue operations.

Hint 56

C. Victims must be protected from slipping and falling when climbing down a ladder.

Front 57

Which of the following BEST describes a method for supporting the weight of an unconscious victim?

Back 57

A. Victim’s body rests on rescuer’s supporting knee
B. Victim’s body secured to rescuer with ladder belt
C. Victim’s legs placed between ladder rungs, weight supported on victim’s thighs
D. Victim placed in full-body harness and life-safety rope held by rescuer at tip of ladder

Hint 57

A. Victim’s body rests on rescuer’s supporting knee

Front 58

Which of the following statements about removing large victims is most accurate?

Back 58

A. Large victims can be cradled across the rescuer’s arms.
B. Large victims are lowered by two rescuers on ladders placed side by side.
C. Large victims are lowered by two rescuers on the same ladder, one above the victim and one below.
D. Large victims typically do not require more personnel or equipment than other victims.

Hint 58

B. Large victims are lowered by two rescuers on ladders placed side by side.