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45 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What's a STAR?
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Standard Terminal Arrival Route…simplifies clearance delivery…facilitates transition between inroute and IAProcedures
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Must you accept a STAR
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No…place no STAR in the remarks section of the flight plan…or less desirable method of verbally stating the same to ATC.
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When being radar-vectored when can you start your descent from your last assigned altitude if cleared for the approach?
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When established on a segment of a published IAP, at which time published altitudes apply.
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An IAP may have four separate segments…what are they?
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Initial approach segment is between the IAP fix and the intermediate fix.
The intermediate approach segment is between the intermediate and the final approach fix The final approach fix segment is between the final approach fix and the runway or missed approach point The missed approach segment is between the missed approach the arrival at decision height |
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What are IFR seperation minimums?
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At the same altitude a minimun of 3 within 40 miles of the radar antenna site…5 miles operating beyond 40 miles.
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What is a MVA Minimum Vectoring Altitude?
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The lowest MSL altitude you will be vectored by a radar controller.
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How do you navigate between the enroute phase and the initial approach segment?
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By feeder routes depicted on approach procedure charts or radar vectors.
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What's the procedure when issued a "cleared for the visual" clearance?
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Authorizes you to procede to the airport, with the airport in site, clear of clouds with ceilings 1000' and visibility 3 miles
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Whats a "contact approach"?
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Operating clear of clouds with atleast 1 mile visibility, you may diviate from the instrument approach procedure…only authorized when requested requsted by the pilot.
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When is a procedure turn not required?
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The symbol NoPT is depicted, radar vectored, a published hold in lieu of PT, conducting a timed approach, PT not authorized with no barb.
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What are PT limitations?
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Turn on the depicted side, adhere to altitudes, complete maneuver within the distance on the profile under 200 kts
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What is a precision approach?
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Provides course and glidepath deviation information
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What are the components of a ILS
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Guide info…localizer, glide slope
Range info…marker beacons, dme Visual info…approach lights, runway lights |
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Describe the aural indications when crossing the markers on an ILS
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Outer….blue light…dull tone…slow speed
Middle…amber light…medium tone…medium speed Inner…white light…high tone…high speed |
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What are the distances of the markers
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Outer 4 to 7…middle 3500…inner between the middle and the threshold.
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When is the inner marker used?
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Normally there are only two…the outer and middle with an ILS, locations with a Category II have an inner.
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To maintain glide slope on an ILS how are power and pitch used?
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Pitch to control the glidepath…power to control airspeed
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Localizers operate within what frequency range?
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108.10 to 111.95
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Where is the localizer/transmitter antenna located?
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far end of the approach runway
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Where is the glide slope antenna located and what is its normal range?
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750-1200 ft from the approach end and normally useable 10 nm
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What range do localizers have
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18nm
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What is the angular width of the localizer signal?
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between 3 to 6 degrees and 700 width at the runway
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What is the glide slope angle for an ILS?
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3 degrees so it intersects the MM at 200 and the OM at 1400 above runway elevation.
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What is the sensitivity of a CDI tuned to a localizer compared to a VOR
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4 times greater…full deflection on a localizer is 2.5 degrees from centerline…with a VOR full scale is 10 degrees from centerlinne
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What is decision height?
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decision must be made to continue the approach or go missed
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When can you descend below MDA of DH?
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When the aircraft is in position for a normal landing, the visibility is not less than prescribed and runway inviornment is in sight
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What are legal substitutes for the outer marker and middle marker
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Outer…Compass locator, DME, VOR and NDB fixes authorized in the approach procedure
Middle Marker…compass locators or PAR are the only subs |
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If the middle marker is out do the minimuns change?
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no increase in DH
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What are PAR and ASR approaches?
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PAR…Persision Approach Radar...controller provides lateral guidance and vertical guidance to an aircraft pilot for landing, until the missed approach point is reached.
ASR…azimuth guidance only. Nonprecision |
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What is a no-gyro approach?
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In case of malfunctioning DG the controller issues control instructions
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What are the turn recommendations on a nongyro approach?
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standard rate until on final, then 1/2 standard
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On an ASR approach are the minimums DH or MDA?
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MDA…ASR is a nonprecision approach
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What is the definition of a nonprecision approach?
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no glidepath deviation info
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Types of nonprecision approaches
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VOR, NDB, LOC, LDA, ASR, LDA and SDF
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What is MDA
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Minimum descent altitude espressed in MSL
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Define VDP
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Visual descent point…is the point defined on the final approach procedure where you descend from MDA to touchdown with the runway invironment in sight
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What is VDA?
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Vertical Descent Angle…stabilized approach descent from the FAF to the TCH
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Will standard instrument approach procedures always have a FAF
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No…not if it not indicated on the plan view
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IF no FAF is published where does it begin on a nonprecision approach?
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The FAF begins where the PT intersects the final approach course inbound
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What are the requirement for an approach to have "straight in" minimums published?
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Course has to be within 30 degrees of the runway alignment…within 15 degrees for GPS IAPs
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What is a stepdown fix?
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Additional descent within a segment when an obstical has been overflown
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What does a VASI provide?
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visual descent guidance…safe obstruction clearance within +or- 10 degrees up to 4nm from the runway
Two bar VASI provides a 3degree glide path |
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What are the major differences between SDF and LDA
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SDF Simplified Directional Facility...may or may not be aligned with the runway…limijted to 35 degrees either side of centerline
LDA Localizer Type Directional Aid...may or may not be aligned with the runway…limijted to 30 degrees either side of centerline may have straight in minimums |
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What criteria determins whether or not to attempt an approach?
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None, but when you reach MDA or DH and you decide to land flight visibility must be at least equal to that publishes
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What regs require use of specified procedures by all pilots approaching for landing under IFR?
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Specified procedures are required by 14CFR Part 97. http://www.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/cfrassemble.cgi?title=200214
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