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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are the locations of the caves in which ancient paintings have been discovered?
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*FRANCE AND SPAIN
1. Ardeche River Gorge in southern France 2. Altamira in northern Spain 3. west of the Ardeche, Lascaux cave |
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4. In which nation was the Willendorf Venus discovered?
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Willendorf, Austria
(short fat woman scuplture ) |
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5. what feature on the Willendorf Venus was NOT carved, but instead a natural indentation in the stone?
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her naval
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7. which nation is mentioned as a source for painted pottery that featured highly stylized animals, including the ibex?
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Susa, on the Iranian plateau
* Iran |
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16. Among all the residents of Mesopotamia, which was the only monotheistic group?
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Hebrews
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17. What are the subjects illustrates in the two main panels of the rectangular box known as the Standard of Ur?
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War and Peace
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19. What term refers to the pictorial convention in whcih the most important figures are represented in a larger size than the others?
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social perspecitve, or hierarchy of scale
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20. Which leader guided the Akkadians to conq2uer virtually all other cities in Mesopotomia and named humself "King of the Four Quarters of the World"?
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Sargon
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21. What is considered the first existing monumental work made thought the lost wax casting technique?
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Naramsin
the head of the Addadian man, from Nineveh |
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22. Discuss what the Law Code of Hammurabi tells us about family relations and class division in Mesoptamian society
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Eye for an eye, retaliation in kind
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25. what term refers to a state ruled by a godor by gods representative?
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theocracy
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28. In ancient Egyptian religion, who ruled the underworld and was god of the dead?
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`Osiris
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29. In ancient Egyptian religion, who was the child of Osiris and Isis
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Horus
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31. In ancient Egyptian religion, what was comparible to an enduring "soul" or "life force", a concept shared by many other religions?
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the "ka"
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37. what term refers to good and righteous conduct reflecting the cosmic moral order that underlies all existance?
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dharma
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39. describe characteristics of Paleolithic and time period
*4 |
40,000-10,000 BC
1. "old stone, ice age" 2. used stone and bone tools for hunting ,fishing, gathering 3. dogs and goats were domesticated 4. art was invented |
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40. what is "cuneiform" and who invented it?
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1. writing, and sybols
2. neolithic invented- Summarians/ Mesopotamians |
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42. describe the Mesopotamian gods
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1. sky gods
2. powerful and immortal, frivolous, selfish 3. quarrelsome, petty, and childish 4. thought to control natural disasters and hostile raids by enemies |
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43. how did the ancient Sumerians attempt to keep the gods happy?
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thu prayer, ritual, incantations (spells), magic
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45. what are the ziggurats?
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Sumerian temples, adobe temple hills to get closer to gods
*massive man made hills made from sun dried mud bricks to get closer to the sky gods |
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47. what purposes did Assyrian art serve?
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1. glories king as mighty hunter and impeccable warrior
2. intimidates foes 3. wards off evil spirits |
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48. what standard policy was used by Assurnasirpal II to guarantee fear of him and his army?
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1. had his closest friends executed
2. people gathered in the city center to have hands and feet cut off *after capturing his enemy tow, had soldiers roundup surviving inhabitants, cut off their hands and feet and piled themi n the town square to bleed to death |
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51. who was Ahura Mazda
2. Ahriman? |
1. creator god of Zoroastrianism, principle of truth, holy spirit, force of good, existed before the world was born, loving god
2. the evil one, creator of evil, created so that people might, through struggle, appreciate goodness |
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52. How did Zoroastrinianism differ from the polytheistic religion of the ancient Sumerians?
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Practical moral living, believes in a afterlife, personal religion, no rituals, or temples
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53. what is the House of Songs?
2. what is the House of Lies? |
1. heaven
2. hell |
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55. why were the Mesopotamians attacked more than the Egyptians?
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Egypt was protected by Mediteranian Sea, cataract (large waterfall), mountains, and Sahara desert
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56. Why were the egyptians able to produce 2 crops per year
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Nile River, great weather conditions (dry and sunny), soil was really fertile, and had few natural disasters
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58. what is the Ka?
2. what happened to Ka at death? 3. what is a ba? |
1. indestructable vital force in each person
2. leaves the body to be judged, after judegment would return to the body and afterlife 3. when ka leaves the body and turns into a bird |
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59. what is the legend of Osiris?
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Osiris god the Nile was chopped us into pieces by his brother Set, and was put back together by Isis and restored back to life
Osiris regained the kingdom, and Horus avenged his father's death by killing Set |
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60. what were the two morals of the Osiris legend?
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1. life after death
2. good triumphs evil |
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61. what were hieroglyphs?
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letters, symbols, that could make up words
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62. what were the basic conventions of Egyptian art?
*5 |
1. face, arms, legs in profile
2. eye and torso view was straighton 3. 2D 4. fingers were all even length 5. palms usually shown |
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64. what is the name or are some of the names of Egyptian sun god?
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1. Aton
2. Ra/ Re |
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1. what Greek term can be translated as "circle"
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Kyklos
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2. who is the legendary ruler of Crete's ancient capital, Knossos?
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King Minos
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4. who provided Thesus with a weapon and thread to help him kill the Minotaur
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Ariadne, a daughter of Minos
* she gave him a sword and thread to lead himself out of the maze |
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5. who is considered the author of the Illiad and the Odyssey?
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Homer
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7. who is best remembered as the King of Troy during the action of the Illiad?
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Priam
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8. who was the Trojan prince and warrior that killed Patroclus and enraged Achilles during the action of the Illiad?
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Hector
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9. who is the wife of Odysseus
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Penelope
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10. what ancient structure is a citadel city that depended on cyclpean masonry for its construction and was entered through a massive Lion Gate?
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walls of the Mycenae City
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12. during the action of the Illiad, who was considered the greatest warrior among the Greeks battling against the Trojans?
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Achilles
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13. what term translates as "top of the city" and refers to the portion of the ancient greek city state that functioned as its religios center?
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Acropolis
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16. in ancient greek architecture, which order featured scrolled capitals?
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Ionic order
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17. On an ancient Greek temple, the columns, swell about 1/3 of the way up and contract again near the top. what term refers to this characteristic?
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entasis
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18. who instituted the first Athenian democracy in 508 BCE?
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Kleisthenes
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19. what term became part of the Athenian political system and refers to small local areas comparable to precincts or wards in a modern city?
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demes
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22. who is the author of an extensive History of the Persian Wars and is recognized as the first writer in the western tradition who devoted himself to historical writing?
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Herodotus
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23. who cast the bronze staue known as Doryphoros (spear bearer), which was celebrated throughout the ancient world as a demonstration of a treatise on proportions of the human body?
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Polyclitus
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24. on the Athenian Acropolis, which of the following was considered the centerpiece?
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the parthenon
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29. who specialized in writing comedies and is playwright for Lysistrata
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Aristophanes
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31. rumers about the forces of the kingdom of the Ganges discouraged Alexanders army from advancing farther to the east in the Indian peninsula. what imposing component might this Ganges army have had?
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5,000 elephants
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32. according to Aristotles Poetics, who undergoes the cathasis (the cleansing. purification, or purgation of the soul)
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the audience
* experience change , just as change is always accompanied by understanding |
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43. descirbe the marble idols left behind by the Cycladics
*6 |
marble
2. naked females 3. slender 4. defined nose 5. abstract 6. arms folded |
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49. what does Minoan art emphasize?
2. what is noticeably absent from Minoan art? |
animals, insects, nature
2. no warfare or hunting scenery |
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50. what did the Snake Goddess represent?
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regeneration
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56. explain what reformer- Pisistratos did and years
*5 |
570-528 BC
1. dismembered large estates and redistributed it to the peasants 2. initiated public work projects 3. immigrated Simonedes and Anacreon 4. commissoned 2st scholarly editions of Homeric poems 5. poems in Arcadian dialect united all of Greece under one language with a common folklore |
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56. explain what reformer- Kleisthenes did and year
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570-508 BC
1. divided Athens into demes_10neighborhoods all having the hill. plane, and sea 2. represenatives must be district residents 3. reverse gerrymandering 4. 50 representatives from each district and a council of 500 5. Executive branch- 10 generals, 1 commander in chief 6. ended oligarchy 7. gave birth to democracy |
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what are the 10 last names of western philosophers
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Kant
Heidegger Hume hegal Wittgenstein Shlegel Nietzsche Mill Hobbs Descartes |
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what did Hume believe
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he argued against the existence of innate ideas, concluding instead that humans have knowledge only of things they directly experience.
*desire rather than reason governed human behavior |
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Greek philosophers
1. Herakleitos believed? 2. Pythagoras believed? |
1. "everything is becoming"
What governs change? Logos(word) 2. "music of the spheres" |
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Great Classical Greek philosophers
1. never wrote anything down, said words are too concrete and apply to the situation at hand 2. defined reality as unchanging and not detectable thru the senses. Ideas reality, not objects 3. concrete knowledge trumps theoretical pondering |
1. Socrates
2. plato "Aristocles" 3. aristotle |
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name the three classical greek philosophers
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socrates
plato aristotle |
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Hellenistic period philosophers
1. codified geometry and expanded upon pythag. 2. knew about pulleys, leverage, buoyancy, density 3. accurately measured the circumference of earth |
1. euclid
2. archimedes 3. eratosthenes |
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who were the 2 romans that influenced Roman Comedy
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1. Plautus
2. Terence |
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describe the Critical of Roms "bread and Circuses"
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phrase by Juvenal
to sedate the masses to stop recvolting, gives free entertainment and food to the poor to distract them from their miserable lives |
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who was the Roman/Jewish historian that gave us a lot of information about Christian movement
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Josephus
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1. what river is associated with the city of Rome
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Tiber River
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2. which refers to the land owning aristocrats who served as priests, magistrates, lawyers, and judges in ancient Rome?
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Patricians
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3. which term refers to the poorer class who were the craftspeople,merchants, and laborers in ancient Rome?
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plebeians
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5. who was among those who stabbed Julius Caesar on the floor of the Senate on March 15, 44 BCE
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Brutus
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6. who was the roman rhetorician who recognized the power of the latin language to communicate with the people
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Cicero
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8. who was the author of Aeneid
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Virgil
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10. which of the following terms refers to the sand that covered the floor of the Colosseum
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arena
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11. which orders of architecture are included in the Coliseum
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1st ground- Doric
2nd Ionic 3rd Corinthian |
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12. which structure has an oculus
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the pantheon, a hole in the roof
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16. what is an oligarchy
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government ruled by a few
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22. who did Julius Caesar become a dictator?
2. how long was his term? |
1. by appointing himself
2. about one year |
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26. what is the Pax Romana?
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Period of Roman peace
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