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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Chant is always... |
monophonic
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Organum is always...
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polyphonic
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Chant can be... |
syllabic or melismatic
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Organum can be... |
parallel or melismatic
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Carmina Burana
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Written by the Goliards
Music added by Carl Orff in 1935 |
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Identify Dies irae |
On CANVAS
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Identify Sumer Is Icumen In
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“Summer is Coming”
CD 1: track 6-8 |
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Identify Puis qu’en oubli |
“Since I am Forgotten” by Machaut
CD 1: track 9-13 |
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Background on the aids for writing and learning music associated with Odo of Cluny and Guido of Arezzo |
Odo of Cluny (10th century monk)
-use of letters A-G to indicate pitches in the Western scale Guido of Arezzo (11th century monk from Cluny) -development of the lines for writing music (called the staff) -Guidonian Hand - 6 voices ascending & descending in neutral (c-a), soft (f-d), & hard (g-e) -helped in learning pitches |
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Know the characteristics of the Gothic Era and their relation to the music. |
Gothic dualism
-opposite ideas at the same time (secular & sacred) -Sacred text always in latin & dealt with praise -Secular was in venacular & about courtly love -Sacred & secular stained glass -Cathedrals political and sacred -Music had sacred & secular text (sing both at the same time, different melodies & lyrics in each) Emphasis on verticality -reaching as high as the cathedral can go Veneration of the Virgin Mary -Pray to to Mary to interceded with prayers to God Courtly Love -Women were put on a pedestal -Men dedicated their lives to attaining them (Dante & Beatrice) |
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Goliards |
Traveling students
Sang Carmina Burana or songs of Byvarian |
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Troubadours |
Associated with the castle and feudalism
Of noble birth People that sang about courtly love |
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Jongleurs |
Traveling entertainers that went from town to town
Were the newspapers & the gossipers Sang the Chanson de Geste (aka Songs of Deeds) Song the Song of Roland Seventh Seal -The apocalypse -Film about a knight coming back from the Crusades and has to purify himself -He can now physically see death coming for people -He challenges death to a chess match and if he wins the everyone lives -Gothic dualism - goes from entertainment to atonement for sins |
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Leonin |
First known significant composer of polyphonic organum |
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Perotin |
Triplum & Quadruplum (3rd & 4th melody or voice)
Works also in the Magnus Liber Organi |
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Cantus firmus/tenor |
Cantus firmus is a pre-existing melody forming the basis of a polyphonic composition. (Chant on bottom) ex. Hec Dies |
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Motet |
Movement of the different voices against one another |
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Laude |
Songs of praise associated with St. Francis
Ogne Homo - music becoming more secular with sacred text (like modern Christian Music today) |
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Cantigas
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Songs of miracles associated with Mary
Used pictures to depict saviors from Mary Santa Maria of Alfonso X El Sabio |
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The background and message of Sumer is Icumen In
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Words in black ink are in Middle English & are secular
Words in red ink are in Latin & are sacred Example of a round Has 4 voices at the end Summer is coming |
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Machaut and his composition Puis qu’en oubli |
"Since I Am Forgotten"
Courtly Love Wrote long poem to his lover |
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Liturgical Drama |
Re-emergence of drama in the West
-this leads to Shakespeare Miracles, Mystery, and Morality plays Hildegard of Bingen: The Play of the Virtues |
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Quem Quaritis
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"Whom do you seek?"
Acting of the story of Christ's resurection |
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Roman de Fauvel |
Allegorical poem that tells of Fauvel, a curry- or fauve-colored horse who has risen to prominence in the French royal court
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