Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What kind of system is the lymphatic system?
|
Circulatory system!
|
|
The lymphatic system consists of what three parts?
|
1. Lymphatic vessels
2. Lymph 3. Lymphoid organs and tissues |
|
What make up the lymphoid organs and tissues?
|
Lymph nodes, spleen, tonsils, etc.
|
|
What is Lymph?
|
Fluid filtered out of the blood
|
|
Lymphatic capillaries are found throughout the body except where?
|
Skin, CNS, bones and teeth
|
|
The lymphatic system supports what 3 functions?
|
1. Digestive system
2. Cardiovascular system 3. Immune system |
|
Lacteals are located where?
|
Villi of the small intestine
|
|
What is the function of lacteals?
|
Absorp chylomicrons, transport lipids to the blood
|
|
Why do chylomicrons enter the lacteals?
|
Because they are more permeable than the blood capillaries
|
|
What are 2 ways the lymphatic system supports the cardiovascular system?
|
1. Provide a one-way system to drain fluid into the blood
2. Restore and maintain normal blood volume |
|
What is one of the major ways the lymphatic system supports the cardiovascular system?
|
Restores and maintains normal blood volume
|
|
Fluid returning in lymphatic capillaries is called what?
|
Lymph!
|
|
What is the purpose of lymphatic capillaries intertwining with blood capillaries?
|
To pick up fluid that has leaked out of blood capillaries
|
|
To have blood flow through the capillaries, where is blood pressure higher? At the Arteriole or Venule?
|
Higher at the Arteriole!
|
|
Lymph forms at what rate?
|
3 liters per day
|
|
Fluid that has leaked into the IF cannot directly return to blood capillaries. Why?
|
Blood capillaries are under too high a pressure
|
|
Fluid in the IF pushes against lymphatic capillaries via flaplike minivalves to become what?
|
Lymph!
|
|
Lymph flows toward what?
|
The heart!
|
|
Lymph vessels include what three things?
|
1. Lymphatic capillaries
2. Lymphatic collecting vessels 3. Lymphatic trunks and ducts |
|
Lymphatic Capillaries are very permeable and thus take up what?
|
Take up proteins, cell debris, pathogens and cancer cells
|
|
Is the flow of lymph a passive or active process?
|
Passive process
|
|
Lymph passes through what to be cleansed?
|
Lymph nodes!
|
|
After passing through the lymph nodes, where does lymph go?
|
Lymph passes through lymphatic trunks and ducts and returns to large veins close to the heart
|
|
The return of lymph is aided by what?
|
Smooth muscle contraction in lymphatic vessels and throbbing of arteries
|
|
Lymphatic ducts drain into what veins?
|
Right and Left Subclavian veins just above the heart
|
|
Wh doesn't lymph drain into the arteries?
|
Arterial blood pressure is too high
|
|
Lymphatic vessels and lymphoid organs and tissues provide the structural basis for what system?
|
Immune system!
|
|
What are Lymph Nodes?
|
They are the principal lymphoid organs of the body
|
|
What are the three important regions of lymph nodes?
|
Groin, Armpit, and Neck
|
|
What are the lymph nodes in the groin called?
|
Inguinal nodes
|
|
What are the lymph nodes called in the armpit?
|
Axillary nodes
|
|
What are the lymph nodes in the neck called?
|
Cervical nodes
|
|
Are there more afferent pathways in the lymphatic system or more efferent pathways?
|
Afferent!
|
|
Lymph nodes house what?
|
Macrophages (phagocytic cells) and lymphocytes
|
|
What do macrophages destroy?
|
Microorganisms and cell debris
|
|
Phagocytes eat what?
|
Old cells, cancer, bacteria and viruses
|
|
What may happen to lymph nodes during infection?
|
They may swell and become painful as they trap bacteria, etc.
|
|
If they trap cancer cells, what may happen to lymph nodes?
|
May become swollen but not painful
|
|
Can nodes be removed?
|
Yup!
|
|
If a patient has breast cancer, what nodes might be removed? What might this cause?
|
The axillary cells might be removed which might cause extra swelling in that arm
|
|
What are Lymphocytes?
|
They are the main warriors of the immune system
|
|
What are the two main types of lymphocytes?
|
T cells and B cells
|
|
T cells and B cells protect against what?
|
Antigens!
|
|
What are antigens?
|
Anything the body perceives as foreign like bacteria, toxins, viruses, mismatched RBCs or cancer cells
|
|
What are two other lymphoid cells?
|
1. Macrophages that eat foreign cells and activate T cells
2. Dendritic cells which capture antigens and deliver them to lymph nodes |
|
What is the spleen?
|
Spleen is the organ that cleanses the blood of aged cells and platelets and debris
|
|
What does the spleen store?
|
Stores breakdown products of RBCs (like iron) for later use
|
|
Where do lymphocytes proliferates?
|
The Spleen!
|
|
What are lymphoid organs?
|
Organs in various places in the body that also have lymphatic tissue to help defend the body
|
|
Tonsils are in what region?
|
Pharyngeal region
|
|
Tonsils form a ring of what?
|
Ring of lymphatic tissue at the back of the throat
|
|
What is the purpose of the Tonsils?
|
To trap and destroy bacteria entering in food or air
|
|
What are Peyer's Patches?
|
They are patches in the intestine and appendix that remove bacteria from ingested food
|
|
What is the Thymus Gland?
|
It is the site of development and maturation of T cells
|
|
Is the Thymus gland large or small in infants?
|
LARGE
|
|
When is the Thymus gland the most active?
|
During childhood
|
|
When does the Thymus gland stop growing?
|
In adolescence then atrophies
|