History- Vietnam

Front 1

when did it start and end

Back 1

early 1960's to 1975

Front 2

who where involved

Back 2

among others involved nz us and aus personel

Front 3

the vietnam was can be seen as a continuation of what

Back 3

the ideological battle of the cold war

Front 4

when did the first indochina war last from

Back 4

1946- 1954

Front 5

who did the first indochina war exist between?

Back 5

the french and vietnamese

Front 6

who is the viet minh led by

Back 6

ho chi mihn

Front 7

where and when did viet minh win war

Back 7

Dien bien phu in 1954

Front 8

who did the viet have a backing from

Back 8

china

Front 9

what was decided at the geneva conference

Back 9

viet split at 17th parallel
n- communist:Ho Chi Mihn and viet Minh
s- capatilist: Bao Dai - Ngo Dinh Diem

Front 10

why did us not support elections

Back 10

thought communism would win

Front 11

what were the exuses used by us to stop elections

Back 11

kenedy-ceasefire agreement had been broken
lyndon b johnson- alleged attack on the golf of tonkin to americanise the war

Front 12

the colombo plan

Back 12

launched in 1950 - social and economic development in asian countries bc under developed countries would be the next to fall into comunism

Front 13

seato

Back 13

joined in 1954- signed by large number of anti-comunist countries as it promoted economic growth and wellbeing throught these countries

Front 14

Anzus

Back 14

argued to be the most influencial treaty that prompted nz to send troops- first signed by nz and aus to protect the security of the pacific however as a result of continuos communist victory us signed

Front 15

anzus quote- decision to send troops

Back 15

minister of culture and heritage "the potential adverse affects on the anzus alliance of not supporting the us in vietnam was of paramount importance but the decision to participate was in new zealands own national interest of counteracting communism and sustaining a forward defence"

Front 16

new zealand pressure from america through treaties quote

Back 16

lyndon b johnson "im not going to tell New Zealand what to do...they know what to do"

Front 17

why did economic support from britan to nz decline

Back 17

they sought to join the european economoc community (eec)

Front 18

historians argue- economic factors as trading agreement signed with us

Back 18

"up untill the late 1959's new zealand food exports had difficulty gaining a foothold in the us because domestic competitors had powerful allies in congress"

Front 19

holyoake- president nixon - economic factors

Back 19

"new zealand can not be expected to play its full part in areas of international co-operation...unless the us has the trading oportunities which provide it with the economic means"

Front 20

holoyacke -economic factors-skrew up

Back 20

historians 'holyoake later took some pains to deny that new zealand veterans were fighting in vietnam for the increase of lamb quotas' with holyoake stating "this factor has been no more than margonal importance to us"

Front 21

when did nz activly serve in vietnam

Back 21

june 1954 - december 1972

Front 22

how many nz troops at the peak and how many overall

Back 22

550 but 3500 over the course of eight and a half years

Front 23

what was new zelanads first action- military involvement

Back 23

sent a surgical team 1963
send combat troops 1965

Front 24

short term physical

Back 24

hot, dry, dusty- poor immune stystem, conjunctivitus, ear infections, skin iritations

37 killed
187 wounded

Front 25

quote short term physical

Back 25

patrick duggan - former veteran " this may have been a result of the short training period that soilders recieved before being sent out to fight"

Front 26

physical affects long term

Back 26

agent orange - defoliant introduced by america to aid soilders in the hunt for the viet cong - nz govt refused to acknowledge that nz troops exposed- later shown nz one of most effected - uni otago 'veitnam veterans who served from 1962-1971 double rate of chronic lymphatic lukemia compared to the general population- carried on through generations -children spina biffida

Front 27

soilder account - physological effects

Back 27

"i just watched as if in a dream, unconected from the world around me, i just watched as sarge took an aim and fired"

Front 28

ptsd

Back 28

intitally told to harden up - 1980 recognised as a legitimate disorder- significantly impacted nz as later discovered on 1991 that 12% nz veterans suffered syptoms

Front 29

how many people turned up to support war initally

Back 29

supported nationals decision 200,000 turned up for support

Front 30

protests lasted from and included...?

Back 30

1967-1971 thousands continually marching against the war- flour bombs and eggs thrown over us vice president- red paint on soilders calling them baby killers

Front 31

soilder- return from war- comparisson

Back 31

soilder patrick duggan wrote "in viet we faught alongside the aussies and the yanks and were exposed to the same soft deadly rain, although it took the better part of three decades for the government to aknowledge even that basic fact"

Front 32

memorium of understanding

Back 32

2005- consulted veterans and familliea regarding issues after the war- trust support ti children- national reunion- welcome home parade

2007 govt- $250 000 to childrens trust

Front 33

crown formall apology

Back 33

helen clark offered "an apolgy for the manner i which thier loyal service...was not recognised as it should have been"

Front 34

historian- political change- public debate

Back 34

judgement made by keith sinclar "tje vietnam war led to the greateat public debate of foreign policy in nz history"

Front 35

change in foreign policy refected quote

Back 35

norman kirk announced in a speech in 1973 " from now on when we have to deal with a new situation,we will not say what do the british think about it, or what would the americans want us to do our starting point will be "what do we think about it"

Front 36

how was fp reflected later

Back 36

in 1985 we refused to led america bring nulear ships into new zealand waters