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95 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Environmental History |
The animals most current living situation. It should include questions about how the animal is housed & fed. |
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Outpatients are normally scheduled for how many complete examinations a year? |
One |
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The most common veterinary procedure is...... |
The physical examination. |
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What does the medical history do? |
Seeks information to help the veterinarian evaluate the patient's physical status, develop a diagnosis, and offer a prognosis. |
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What is the signalment? |
The overall patient description, it includes the breed, gender, age, and reproductive system. |
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What does taking the history involve? |
1. Identifying the primary or presenting problem. 2. Taking a medical history. 3. Taking the environmental history. 4. Reviewing the body systems. |
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Primary problem |
Also referred to as the presenting problem or client complaint. It is what brings the animal into the veterinarian: the problem the owner has observed. |
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Body sytems history |
Detailed questions about the body system (or systems) involved in the presenting problems. |
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Body systems review |
A review of the body systems to note any additional problems the animal may have. |
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Integumentary system |
The skin an attached structures, like hair,nails, and/or scales, surface of legs and paws. |
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Head and neck review |
The review of the head and neck including discussing the eyes, ears, nose and mouth. |
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Respiratory system |
It takes in oxygen and turns it into carbon dioxide. The main symptom of a respiratory problem is a cough. Sneezing and nasal discharge are also important symptoms of respiratory disease. |
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Cardiovascular system |
Cardiovascular= heart The body system that circulates blood. |
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Pulmonary edema |
Fluid accumulation in the lungs. |
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Gastrointestinal system |
Areas to do with the stomach including the esophagus, small intestine large intestine or colon, rectum and anus. |
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What are the 2 main symptoms of the GI system? |
Vomiting and diarrhea |
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Urinary system |
It consists of the two kidneys, ureters, the bladder, and the urethra. |
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Musculoskeletal system |
Bones, muscle, and joints. |
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Central nervous system (CNS) |
Carries nerve impulses to and from the brain. |
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What is the most common sign of a CNS problem? |
Seizure |
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Seizure |
A short circuit in the brain that makes the animal lose control over its body. They are not painful. |
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Intervertebral disk disease |
Deteriorated cushions between the vertebrae. |
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Vertebrae |
The bones of the spine. |
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Without a ___________________ on an animal, you can't arrive at a diagnosis. |
Physical examination |
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You would check the animal's __________ system if it presented with a sore leg. |
Musculoskeletal |
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What helps the veterinarian evaluate the patient's physical status, develop a diagnosis, and offer a prognosis? |
A medical history of the animal. |
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If a dog presented with a cough, you would check the dogs ________ system and it's ________ system. |
Cardiovascular system and respiratory system. |
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Taking a good history is a critical part of the physical exam because a good history....... |
Narrows the focus of testing results. |
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If you want to learn what a pet eats, its exposure to water, and its travel situation, you'll take an __________ history.... |
Environmental history. |
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What is the most common restraint device for preventing chewing or licking of a sore spot or bandage? |
Elizabethan collar |
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Elizabethan collar |
A circular plastic shield, resembling a lamp shade, which encircles the neck and extends to the end of the muzzle. |
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What often occurs right before a cat attacks? |
The ears lay back and the tail will twitch. |
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Cat bag |
A restraining device consisting of a zippered bag with several openings for treating different parts of a cats body. |
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Scruff |
The handful of skin on the back of the neck. |
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Of all the animals you'll handle and restrain, _________ present the biggest challenge. |
Birds |
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Horses are trained to be handled from the ________ |
Left |
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Cradle |
A device that consists of wooden slats or round rods woven together that go around the horses neck to keep the neck straight and prevent the horse from chewing at itself. |
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Mouth gag |
A wedge-shaped structure that prevents a horse from biting down while someone is examining or treating its mouth. |
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Nose tongs |
Tongs that grasp the center of the nose just inside the nostrils to permit more head control. |
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Hobbles |
Either rope or chain devices that encircle the rear legs. restricting their ability to kick. |
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Horses tend to kick to the _______ and cows tend to kick to the _________. |
1. back 2. side |
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Hog snare |
A pole with a loop of cable at the end that can be tightened over a pig's snout. |
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The most often used method of restraining a hog is........ |
A hog snare. |
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Name the vital statistics. |
1. weight 2. heart rate 3. temperature 4. respiration rate |
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Heart-girth tape |
A flexible tape measuring device that weights a horse by measuring its girth just behind the elbow in its heart area. |
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Whats the general rule for taking a large animals temperature? |
Insert the thermometer one inch into the rectum for one minute. |
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Tympanic membrane |
The membrane that covers the ear drum. |
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The typical physical examination proceeds systematically from __________. |
Head to toe. |
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Palpation |
Examining body parts by touch. |
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Auscultation |
Listening for sounds produced within the body. |
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Throughout the examination process, the veterinarian applies what to each body part? |
1. Observation 2. palpation 3. auscultation |
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Observation |
Involves careful visual inspection of each body part, and evaluating the animal as a whole. |
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What sites are usually associated with a stethoscope? |
1. Heart 2. Lungs 3. Stomach 4. Windpipe 5. Intestines 6. Sinuses |
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Respiratory rate |
Breaths per minute. |
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Alopecia |
Loss of hair on the body. |
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Symmetrical |
Even in size and shape. |
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Erythroderma |
A medical term meaning "reddened skin". |
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Papule (pustules) |
A hard, pimple-like skin bump. |
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Comedones |
Skin lesions the resemble "blackheads". |
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Cranial |
A directional term that means "towards the head." |
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Inguinal |
Between the rear legs, of the groin. |
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The most common areas to see fleas and/or flea dirt are....... |
The hindquarters just cranial from the base of the tail and in the inguinal region. |
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Turgor Pressure |
Normal elasticity of the skin. |
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Rales |
Abnormal crackling or rattling sounds in the lungs during inhalation. |
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Capillary refill time |
The time it takes for the vessels in the mucous membranes to return to normal after being pressed. |
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The 3 zones on the left side of the thorax correspond to...... |
1. Mitral 2. Aortic 3. pulmonary |
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What valve is located on the right side of the thorax? |
Tricuspid |
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Pulse deficits |
Distinct differences between the point at which the heart beats and the point at which a pulse beat is felt. The pulse should be felt immediately after the heart beats. |
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Name the thirds the abdomen is separated into..... |
1. Cranial third 2. Medial third 3.Caudal third |
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Peristalsis |
The series of wavelike contractions of smooth muscles. |
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How do you evaluate the palpebral reflex? |
By touching the medial corner of the eye to elicit a blink. |
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How do you evaluate the menace reflex? |
By moving an open palm rapidly towards the animals eye, this should elicit blinking. The palm should never come in contact with the animal. |
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Proprioception |
The righting reflex. |
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What are the peripheral lymph nodes of an animal? |
1. Submandibular 2. Prescapular 3. Axillary 4. Inguinal 5. Popliteal |
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Where are the Submandibular lymph nodes located? |
Caudal to the mandible on each side of the jaw. |
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Where are the Prescapular lumph node located? |
Cranial and dorsal to the shoulder joint. |
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Where are the Axillary lymph nodes located? |
In the area pit region of the animal. |
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Where is the Inguinal lymph nodes located? |
In the inguinal region between the rear legs. |
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Where is the Popliteal lymph nodes located? |
At the caudal aspect of the rear leg behind the stifle (knee) joint. |
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Which lymph nodes can only be felt when enlarged? |
1. Axillary 2. Inguinal |
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Conjunctiva |
The membrane that covers the eyeball as well as the inside of the eyelids. |
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Sclera |
Also known as "white part if the eye" is the fibrous outer layer of the eye that maintains the shape of the eye. |
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Cornea |
The transparent layer that covers the very front of the eye, its the anterior portion of the sclera. |
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Pinna |
The external portion of the ear that catches sound waves and transmits them to the external auditory canal. |
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Ophthalmoscope |
An instrument used to visualize the interior chamber of the eye, where signs of disease or trauma can sometimes be seen. |
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Otoscope |
An instrument used to inspect the ear an animal; it's an essential diagnostic tool to determine types of infections and to discover foreign bodies in the ear canal. |
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Tympanic membrane |
The membrane that covers the ear drum. |
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The ophthalmoscope and othoscope both consist of what two parts? |
Body & head, the body contains a rechargeable battery for the light, the heard contains a lens for magnifying. |
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Prognosis |
The prediction of the outcome of disease. (outlook of the patient) |
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Diagnosis |
Identifying the cause of the animals symptoms. The determination of the cause of the disease. |
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SOAP |
Subjective Objective Assessment Procedure or plan |
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Subjective data section |
The reason the animal is being presented to the veterinary clinic and observations of the animal and its condition that can't be quantified. |
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Objective data section |
Data that is quantifiable, it can be measured. |
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Assessment section |
The progress notes includes possible or probable explanations for the problem. It also includes the patients diagnosis. Only the veterinarian uses the assessment section. |
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Procedure or plan section |
Outlines the plan for treatment, it includes any problems that should be monitored, follow-up care instructions, medications prescribed, and other recommendations. Only the veterinarian can use this section. |