Histopathology

Front 1

Proper order of steps in tissue processing

Back 1

Fixation - Decalcification - Dehydration - clearing- infiltration - blocking

Front 2

Destruction of tissue or cells by self produce enzyme:

Back 2

Autolysis

Hint 2

Lysosome

Front 3

Process which small pieces are placed in a microscope slide abd forcibly compressed with another slide:

Back 3

Crushing/ squash preparation

Front 4

Smearing technique recommended for fresh sputum, bronchial aspirates and thick mucoid secretion;

Back 4

Spreading

Front 5

Process by which the tissue are fixed in a physical and partly also in a chemical state:

Back 5

Preservation

Front 6

Maximum effective concentration of a fixative

Back 6

20x the volume of the tissue to be fixed

Front 7

Primary aim of fixation

Back 7

To maintaim the physical and chemical characteristics of the tissue

Front 8

Best result in fixation are obtained through what type of solution?

Back 8

Slightly hypertonic

Front 9

It is added to osmium tetroxide fixatives for electron microscopy?

Back 9

Sucrose

Front 10

Temperature utilized in autotechnicon

Back 10

40-42 °C

Front 11

For fixation of tissue with tuberculosis, formalin must be heated at what temperature?

Back 11

100°C

Front 12

Concentration of formaldehyde used in routine fixation?

Back 12

10%

Front 13

Ideal number of hours in fixation

Back 13

18 hours

Front 14

Concentration of formaldehyde used in fixation is approximately___ weight in volume

Back 14

40%

Front 15

Not a nuclear fixative

Back 15

Orth's

Front 16

Fixative is classified as both a nuclear and histochemical fixative?

Back 16

Newcomer's

Front 17

Fixative classified as cytoplasmic fixative?

Back 17

Helly's

Front 18

Paraformaldehyde deposit are formed when formalin is stored for a long time in_______ temperaturex but this can be remedied by using _______

Back 18

Cold; methanol

Front 19

Best fixative for nervous tissue and ideal for silver impregnation:

Back 19

10% formol-saline

Front 20

The usage of this formaldehyde fixative can lead to formalin of black precipitate

Back 20

Formol corrosive

Front 21

Best fixative for iron containing pigments and elastic fiber:

Back 21

10% NBF

Front 22

This fixative is considered as the best general tissue fixative and is also used for frozen section?

Back 22

10% NBF

Front 23

Fixative used for sputum cytology

Back 23

Alcoholic formalin

Aka: gendre's

Front 24

A formalin fixative used for fixation of lipids since most formalin fixatives are inert to lipids

Back 24

Formol calcium

Front 25

A fixative that is made up of two formaldehyde residues linked by three carbon chain:

Back 25

Glutaraldehyde

Front 26

Frequent used concentration of mercuric Chloride fixative:

Back 26

5-7%

Front 27

The routine fixative of choice for preservation of cell detail in tissue photography:

Back 27

Zenker's fluid

Front 28

Mercuric chloride fixative is commonly used for bone marrow biopsies:

Back 28

B-5

Front 29

Fixative is recommended for the demonstration of chromaffin tissue, adrenal medulla, and mitochondria?

Back 29

Chromate

Front 30

Fixative is recommended for the demonstration of acid mucopolysaccharides?

Back 30

Lead

Front 31

The recommended fixative for the demonstration of mitochondria, chromatin, golgi bodies and mitotic figures:

Back 31

Regaud's

Front 32

The recommended fixative for study of early degenerative processes and tissue necrosis and for demonstration of Rickettsia:

Back 32

Orth's

Front 33

The recommended fixative for the fixation if embryos and pituitary biopsies:

Back 33

Bouin's

Front 34

Picric acid fixative:

Back 34

Bouin's and Brasil's

Front 35

Used as a diluent for the Wright's stain and is excellent for fxing dry and wet smear?

Back 35

Methanol

Front 36

The most rapid fixative and is specially recommended for the fixation of lymph gland, chromosome, and urgent biopsies

Back 36

Carnoy's

Front 37

Fixative may cause blindness through its deposition in the cornea if exposure is prolonged?

Back 37

Osmium acid

Front 38

Fixative us used in fixing brain tissues for rabies diagnosis

Back 38

Acetone and Carnoy's

Front 39

Recommended fixative for cytoplasmic structure such as mitochondria:

Back 39

Flemming's without acetic acid

Front 40

Fixative used for electron microscopy

Back 40

Acrolein, karnovsky's paraformaldehyde glutaraldehyde mixture and Osmium tetroxide

Front 41

Used to remove osmium tetroxide black precipitate?

Back 41

Cold water

Front 42

Factor can enhance fixation?

Back 42

Heat and agitation

Front 43

Possible cause of too hard ir brittle tissue blocks?

Back 43

Prolonged fixation

Front 44

A procedure whereby calcium or lime salt are removed from tissue:

Back 44

Decalcification

Front 45

Recommended volume of decalcifying agent:

Back 45

20x the volume of the tissue

Front 46

Most common decalcifying agents used is;

Back 46

Niteic acid

Front 47

Most common decalcifying agents used is;

Back 47

Nitric acid

Front 48

Decalcifying agent can also be used for tissue softener?

Back 48

Perenyi's fluid

Front 49

The most rapid decalcifying agent and is recommended for urgent works:

Back 49

Phloroglucin nitric acid

Front 50

The weakest decalcifying agents and is used only for minute pieces of bone:

Back 50

Sulfurous acid

Front 51

Von Ebner's fluid is recommended for teeth and small pieces of bones. Its components include:

Back 51

Distilled water, NaCI, and HCI

Front 52

Substances which combine with calcium ions and other salts to form weakly dissociated complexes and facilitates removal of calcium salt:

Back 52

Chelating agents

Front 53

Way to measure the extent of decalcification cannot be used for mercuric chloride-fixed tissue?

Back 53

Radiological