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189 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What was the capital of the Incan Empire? |
Cuzco |
|
Chichen Itzá was a Maya state that flourished c. 850–1000 using water from what source? |
Aquifer |
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Khipu, or knotted cords, were used by the Inca to record what kind of information? |
mit'a obligation |
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The gods of the Aztecs, such as Huitzilopochtli, demanded what offering as nourishment? |
human blood |
|
The Toltecs declined as an urban military power when what taxable item declined in |
grain |
|
Archaeologists were astounded in 1999–2000 when they discovered a cache of 2,200 |
mummies |
|
The primary weapon of the Aztec army was the |
bow and arrow. |
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The Toltec army was limited by lack of wheeled vehicles to a range of how far from Tula? |
40 miles |
|
At what stage in a soldier’s career was he considered to be a veteran? |
After capturing four enemies for sacrifice |
|
To cross gorges in the Andes mountain chain, the Inca built suspension bridges made out of |
thick ropes |
|
One of the most important sources of proteins in the areas surrounding Lake Titicaca was |
llamas |
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In addition to the native Maya, Chichen Itzá was dominated by another Maya-speaking group |
Chontal |
|
What happened to the two islands that originally comprised the city of Tenochtitlán? |
merged into one island sunk by volcanic activity
|
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As with previous Mesoamerican and Andean cultures, the central social expression of the |
communal feast |
|
After the fall of Teotihuacán in the sixth century CE, the northwest region of the Mexican |
gemstones |
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Why did the Aztecs continually threaten to wage war on enemy states? |
To obtain prisoners for sacrifice |
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West of Tula were centers of metal mining, where what new metallurgical technique was |
bronze casting |
|
The Ecuadorians imported copper from Peru and used it mostly for personal items, such as |
social rank |
|
The Aztecs built Tenochtitlán and Tlatelolco in the fourteenth century; what are those? |
islands |
|
What kind of plant is the maguey? |
cactus |
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Tiwanaku’s claim to authority over Lake Titicaca was based not on military power, as in |
ceremonial centers |
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Toltec weapons incorporated what important mineral used for a sharp edge? |
obsidian |
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One feature of the Toltec state was it emphasis on war in culture, best exhibited by which of |
sacrifice of captured warriors |
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Because the Inca did not have the transportation methods necessary to move goods collected |
tens of thousands of storehouses to store the goods.
|
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Discuss the late Mayan states and the reasons for the eventual collapse of Chichén Itzá. |
The Mayan culture was constructed near the modern day Gulf of Mexico. These people transformed and changed substantionally as the years went by. For example, these people began as a group that participated in the religious ideals of anisim, but later on they became a polytheistic culture. They also started out as small villages and quickly grew into towns with kings rather than chieftains. Chichen Itza began to slowly decline as a regional center which could have impacted it in various way. For instance, it had the possibility to affect trade, money, and influx of food. It was also noted that this town may have been ransacked and looted. This is a strong possibility of why Chichen Itza ended. |
|
Toltec armor consisted of wood plates over layers of |
cotton |
|
Mali came to power in part because more states were |
minting gold coins |
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The Mapungubwe king communicated to the commoners through |
the king's younger brother |
|
The graves at eighth-century Shanga can be identified as Muslim because they are oriented |
Mecca.
|
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In Ethiopia, daughters as well as sons were allowed to inherit land. |
True |
|
Coptic Christians believe that Christ was |
only a divine figure.
|
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Initially, farms in South Africa were limited in size and area due to the danger of what animal |
elephants |
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What kinds of orchards were planted along the Nile in Nubia to help the farmers capture and |
palms |
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In the Swahili city-states, the use of sandals during processions was a prerogative of |
the king |
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Trade between the Sahel and North Africa became possible when what was introduced to the Berbers? |
Arabian camels |
|
The Christian missionary activity of the kingdom of Aksum was ended in the 970s when |
Judith.
|
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The Kharijis developed trade ports along the East African coast, and initially concentrated on |
Selected Answer: wrong : ivory. Answers: gold. ivory. sugar. slaves ch.14 |
|
A dramatic change in transportation crossing the Sahara began in the early centuries of the |
introduction of camels |
|
The Zagwe kings created a new state in a region known as Abyssinia or |
Ethiopia |
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What is the significance of the Schroda in terms of the region of South Africa? |
Selected Answer: wrong:first place to mine gold Answers: the largest city the first town first place to mine gold site of royal tombs14 |
|
The Swahili city-states consisted of patrician coastal cities, towns of commoners, and inland |
non-muslims |
|
The Ethiopian Law of Kings, or Fetha Nagast, was adopted from |
The Byzantines |
|
According to the Kebra Negast, the Solominid Dynasty was descended from Solomon of the |
Sheba |
|
In Nubia, religious conversion to Christianity only involved the ruling and elite classes. |
False |
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In 1297, Ethiopia sent a mission of thirty men to visit what person of religious status? |
Pope of Rome |
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How did the kings of Nubia and elites promote Christianity? |
Egyptian missionaries came into Nubia with the goal of converting these people into christians. The kings and social elites helped promote this goal with not only their open sponsership, but also with their money. The rich helped provide tools for rituals, the building of churches, and also helped supply baptismal spoons.While it could be said the elite were doing this out of the kindness of their heart, it is possible they had alterior motives. For example, the kings used christianity as something to unify their subjects. This could either be a positive occurance or just another method of furthering their dominance over Nubians. |
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A money economy emerges in Nubia when what is introduced to the area? |
Muslim Merchants |
|
In southern Africa, social hierarchy and power was based on the size of one’s |
cattle herd |
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The summer floods of the Nile River in Nubia usually begin and in what month? |
Selected Answer: wrong (eventhough right): June Answers: probably: September August July June14 |
|
In the 1300s, Mali’s military combined infantry armed with bow and arrow and cavalry armed |
Selected Answer: wrong: bow and arrow as well. Answers: javelins. bow and arrow as well. maybe: swords. battle axes.14 |
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South Africa was the first place in the interior to connect to the Swahili trade networks |
ivory |
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The northern half of the East African coast receives most of its rain in the summer from what weather pattern? |
monsoons |
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As an act of piety during the Mongol invasions, what did the kingdom of Koryo produce? |
Selected Answer: wrong: monumental statues of the Buddha Answers: a Buddhist temple in Pyongyang monumental statues of the Buddha placed the royal children in a monastery hand carved copies of Tripitaka Buddhist text14 |
|
As Confucianism became more popular in Japan, it led to a decrease in women’s status |
Shinto |
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What literary format did Murasaki Shikibu contribute to world literature? |
novel |
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Both Choson and Han China used what modern city as their capital on the Korean peninsula? |
Pyongyang |
|
With the introduction of Buddhism to Japan in c. 553 CE, what aspect of Chinese culture was |
writing |
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The only contemporary written account of the first Korean state, the Choson kingdom, comes |
China |
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The name “Vietnam” originated in the name for the region by what other Asian power? |
China |
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The code of behavior for samurai, called bushido, was greatly altered on the battlefield by theintroduction of what into Japanese warfare in the sixteenth century? |
firearms |
|
Buddhist monasteries were both important to the Japanese imperial state and a source of |
exemption from taxes |
|
After the creation of han-gul, the highly elite men in Korean wrote in |
Chiniese |
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What was the Bushido and how did it provide both a military and a social code for the |
The Bushido was the code that Samaurai's lived by. It taught values of courage, honor, and loyalty when in the war scene. Many things in the Bushido also noted how to act morally and also how to present yourself to society. |
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Math the following: 1.Bushido 2.Samurai 3.uji 4.han-gul 5.sericulture |
1."way of the warrior" 2.military nobility 3.family clan or kin group 4.Korean Alphabet 5.raising silkworms for raw silk |
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If a Japanese women wanted to avoid an arranged marriage, what option did she have? |
Join Buddhist monastary |
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As part of their conquest of Korea, what did the Mongols do to approximately 250,000 |
Enslavement and deportation |
|
What kind of evidence is being used to trace the origins of the Japanese people and suggests |
Linguistic |
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The first true Japanese state was the Yamato, who also built what monumental structures? |
Burial Mounds |
|
In the fourth century CE, the Chinese state of Jin introduced Confucianism, writing, and |
Buddhism |
|
The stiff black hat worn by Shinto priests contains what kind of figure on it? |
Selected Answer: wrong: sword Answers: sun sword book prob: phallic13 |
|
The most popular Buddhist school in Japan is still |
Pure Land |
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Japanese food production dramatically increased in the period of 1250–1600 largely due to |
vegetables |
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What destroyed the second Mongol fleet which attempted to invade Japan in 1281? |
A typhoon |
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In c. 8000 BCE in Southeast Asia, the first fowl were domesticated for food. |
True |
|
In Ming China, if a widow remarried, what from her previous marriage did she give up all |
property she had inherited |
|
What did the Swahili king of Malindi send to the Ming Emperor Yongle via the traveler |
a giraffe |
|
What was the minimum qualification for men of the scholar-gentry class in Song–Ming |
To pass the lowest official degree, the shengyuan. |
|
Who defeated the Tang at the Battle of Talas in 751? |
Arabs |
|
Vijayanagar was abandoned when defeated by northern sultanates armed with |
Selected Answer: wrong: arrows. Answers: arrows. chain mail. cannon. catapults.13 |
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From the ninth century onward, what Indian state advanced and conquered into Sri Lanka and Southeast Asia? |
Cholas |
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The Sultana Raziya of Delhi welcomed Muslim refugees fleeing whose conquests in the |
Mongols |
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What was the function of the board of censors created by the Tang? |
monitor arbitrary behavior among officials |
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Although Muslims and Hindus in India resisted sharing religious or cultural practices, some |
veiling of women |
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The bureaucratic exams instituted by the Tang centered on knowledge of |
Confucian Texts |
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In the new religion formed by the guru Nanak in the fifteenth century, what does the term |
disciple |
|
Chang’an, the capital of the Tang, needed to be supplied with grain from |
South China |
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Why did Confucian officials put an end to the Ming voyages of exploration? |
Selected Answer: wrong: They dislike of the Yongle Emperor. Answers: They objected to profit. They feared new diseases. They dislike of the Yongle Emperor. They wanted to go sailing themselves.12 |
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What beverage was introduced to Tang China from Southeast Asia and became popular |
tea |
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According to Song–Ming sumptuary laws, what did officials wear to indicate which grade |
Selected Answer: colored sashes Answers: colored sashes buttons on hats special footwear signet rings12 |
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One measure of Tang expansion and dominance in Asia were the Taika, or Great Reforms, |
Japan |
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The Song Dynasty synthesis from 960–1279 joined Confucianism and Daoism with |
Buddhism |
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One economic advantage the scholar–gentry class in Ming China had was the exemption from |
land |
|
According to legend, Tang poet Li Bai died when he |
Drowned trying to embrace the moon |
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Muhammad ibn Tughlug was called Muhammad the Bloody in part because of his harsh |
Demanded very high taxes |
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To aid commerce, the Song were the first people in the world to print what on paper? |
money |
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Many foreign people settled in Tang China’s large urban centers, including which group of |
Nestorians |
|
As part of their attempt to extract more wealth from their Indian subjects, leaders of the Delhi |
False |
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China’s feeling of oppression during Mongol rule under the Yuan Dynasty was compounded |
Bubonic Plague |
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The Tughlugs lost power when Delhi was sacked by whom in 1398? |
Timur |
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The most important navigational improvement to European shipping in the twelfth century |
Magnetic compass |
|
What was the advantage of the stern-post rudder, adapted by European ships in the twelfth |
allowed for larger ships |
|
According to the Rule of St. Benedict, who is the head of a monastery? |
Selected Answer: wrong: the monks collectively Answers: prob: the pope the secular lord an abbot the monks collectively |
|
What title did Charlemagne acquire in 800 from Pope Leo III? |
Emperor of the Romans |
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The ultimate result of the investiture controversy in the eleventh and twelfth centuries was an |
The Pope's power |
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In the feudal system that arose in ninth-century Frankia, what was the basic service that |
military |
|
Prior to the year 1000, European diets tended to lack |
Selected Answer: calcium. Answers: protein. calcium. starch. vitamin C.11 |
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Anti-Jewish feelings and violence increased after what eleventh-century event? |
First Crusade |
|
“Boon work” in the manorial system was free labor provided for the head of the manor by |
Peasants |
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Match the Medieval king with his achievement or the event most associated with him. |
1.Philip IV of France-----created esates general 2.William I of England-----Battle of Hastings 3.Henry II of England-----Reformed the legal system 4.John I of England-----Magna Carta 5.Otto I of Saxony-----First Holy Roman Emperor
|
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The Hanseatic League was designed to facilitate what? |
Trade |
|
Charles Martel of the Carolingians acquired the name Martel, “the Hammer,” because of his |
Muslims |
|
Of the new monastic orders of the thirteenth century, which was dedicated primarily to |
Dominicans |
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Match the Frankish leader with the accomplishment he is associated. |
1.Clovis-----established Merovingian Dynasty 2.Childebert III-----exchanged letters with Pope Gregory I 3.Charles Martel-----Battle of Tours 4.Pepin III-----crowned king by Pope 5.Charlemagne----- built palace school at Aachen |
|
What concept held the feudal relationship together? |
loyalty |
|
Although called the pope, the official title of the head of the church is Bishop of |
Rome |
|
The Vikings were successful in their raids on Frankish territory because they had a technical |
True |
|
The three field system made fields more fertile by doing which of the following? |
planting two fields and leaving one field fallow |
|
Which of the following was a factor in the famine of the early fourteenth century? |
higher population |
|
Because Pepin the Short was crowned with holy oil, he introduced the idea that he was king |
God |
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The most significant achievement of the Third Crusade was the recapture of ________ by |
Acre |
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In feudalism, what was a fief? |
grants of land |
|
Mamluk courts, mosques, orphanages, and hospitals were financially independent and found |
Selected Answer: labor unions. Answers: labor unions. slave markets. state appointments. army recommendations.10 |
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After being driven out of Mecca in 622, where did Muhammad and his followers settle? |
Medina
|
|
Abbasid scholars drew on many philosophical traditions, and for developing a single law code |
Selected Answer: Arabs Answers: Persia Arabs Rome Visigoths10 |
|
The West Africa to China trade network in which the Mamluks played such a crucial role |
slaves and gold |
|
When Khosrow II invaded Roman territory in 602, he captured what sacred object in |
True Cross |
|
According to Islamic tradition, the Ka’ba in Mecca is a sanctuary that goes back to the time of |
Abraham |
|
In 687, the coins of Abd al-Malik depict the first explicit reference to |
Selected Answer: religion. Answers: Arabs. prob: trade. Mary. religion10 |
|
Persia failed in its attempt to defeat the Roman Empire in the seventh century because Persia |
Bosporus Strait |
|
Khosrow II regained the throne of which empire in 591, with Roman help? |
Sasanid |
|
In the 900s, the Shiite Fatimids were able to build an empire in northern Africa, from Algeria |
True |
|
How do the Sunni and Shia differ in their interpretation of the five pillars? |
Selected Answer: The Sunni offer twenty percent alms. Answers: Sunni offer extra prayers to Khadija. The Shia offer prayers only at noon. The Sunni offer twenty percent alms. The Shia offer prayers to Ali.10 |
|
Who finally ended the Crusader kingdom by defeating Acre in 1291? |
Mamluks |
|
Al Khwarizmi borrowed the zero to nine decimal system from |
India |
|
Sunni religious authority did not object to the new scientific thought of the tenth century |
the month of fasting |
|
Muhammad’s family were guardians of |
the Ka'ba of santuary |
|
In 751 a Persian and Arab army defeated _________ and Chinese forces to take control of the Silk Road. |
Uighur |
|
The Abbasid caliphs moved the capital of the Islamic Empire to |
Baghdad |
|
In 726 Byzantine emperor Leo III attempted to reform Christian practice by banning the use |
icons |
|
Ghazali’s metaphor of the glass of red wine was meant to convey the difficulty of |
thinking about and experience of god. |
|
By the eighth century, Kiev in the Ukraine had been settled by the Rus, people of what origin? |
Selected Answer: Turkic Answers: Bulgar Turkic Uzbecki Scandinavian10 |
|
Where does a Muslim go to find the principle of Sharia? |
Quran and tradition |
|
After Saladin recaptured Jerusalem in 1187, what allowed the Christian Crusaders kingdom to |
Selected Answer: Knights from Jerusalem were able to protect it. Answers: The Muslims were too divided to fully conquer it. The Visigoths from Spain sent reinforcements. Venice and Genoa used it as a trade hub. Knights from Jerusalem were able to protect it.10 |
|
Abbasid caliphs in the ninth century were opposed by traditionalists who had what kind of |
Selected Answer: allegorical Answers: literal allegorical figurative doctrinaire10 |
|
The Islamic collection of tales called The Arabian Nights included material from Greek and |
Selected Answer: [None Given] Answers: True False10 |
|
The Qin state’s wealth was based on |
agricultural surplus |
|
The founder of the Han Dynasty, Liu Bang, was unusual among China’s rulers because he |
a peasant |
|
What one word did Confucius feel encapsulated all of his teachings? |
a reciprocity |
|
According to Confucianism, one of the ways people could be motivated to better behavior |
models of good rulers |
|
Legalists believed that education was an essential occupation for citizens |
True |
|
How was Buddhism introduced into China and what factors encouraged it to become popular? |
Answer: Buddhism has many factors that make it appealing to a large amount of people. It focuses on the teachings of Buddha rather than focusing on a god. Buddhism also focuses on ritual prayer and study. It is a very peaceful religion that focuses on harming no others. This religion was introduced into China easily by the formation of new languages, which led to the translation of texts. This religion also spread widely due to the silk roads. |
|
Buddhist texts were initially translated into Chinese using terms borrowed from |
Selected Answer: Confucianism. Answers: Confucianism. Daoism. Cosmology. Legalism.9 |
|
Han Fei and Li Si created a political system in which all in the state were subject to the will of |
The ruler |
|
In 1138 CE, the first foundling hospitals were built in Sung China to deal with what particular |
Unwanted Daughters |
|
What punishment might befall a scholar or philosopher who disagreed with the emperor Shi |
Buried Alive |
|
What piece of military technology helped the Toba build the Northern Wei state?S |
Stirrup |
|
Although the Chinese produced many luxury goods that were coveted around the world, the |
Silk |
|
One of the most important industries in China was the production of salt, which used natural |
A salt-water brine |
|
After the Red Eyebrow revolt, the Han moved the capital of China to |
Luoyang |
|
List some of the accomplishments of Qin Shi Huangdi, and explain why these |
Qin took over China declaring himself their only emperor. He delagated power to local rulers and created new structures for the whole country. Qin Shi Huangdi also created the Great Wall that protected China against many foreign peoples. Qin also established measurements for the people to go by. The standaradization of measurements led to better trade within the country. |
|
The Han Dynasty viewed which social class as particularly dangerous and problematic? |
Selected Answer: peasants Answers: scholars widows merchants peasants9According to the Daode Jing, an effective ruler is one who rules naturally by |
|
According to the Daode Jing, an effective ruler is one who rules naturally by |
nonaction |
|
Productivity of agricultural lands was reduced in the later Han when what happened to |
Increased labor for Corvee projects |
|
Productivity of agricultural lands was reduced in the later Han when what happened to |
water |
|
Second-century CE China mass-produced silk using looms powered by human labor and |
China |
|
Among the many luxury goods produced in Tang China was a kind of porcelain known in |
Selected Answer: teacher and student. Answers: husband and wife. parent and child. brother and brother. teacher and student.9 |
|
The Han dynasty reduced extremely harsh punishments assigned by the Qin but kept in place |
Selected Answer: [None Given] Answers: True False9 |
|
In Gupta India, a woman’s dharma, regardless of jati, always included |
loyalty to her husband. |
|
The Upanishads rejected the Vedic practices of ritual and sacrifice, in favor of their |
False |
|
In the practice of sati, a wife shows her loyalty to her husband by committing ritual suicide by |
Self-immolation |
|
Most of the tax revenue for the Mauryans came from taxes on |
Agricultural Harvests |
|
Although some Hindus in the Gupta period celebrated women’s sexuality, others viewed it as |
achieving moksha. |
|
When was it allowable for men to take more than one wife at a time? |
When he and his first wife did not have children |
|
After the Battle of Kalinga, and his conversion to Buddhism, Ashoka adopted the doctrine of |
nonviolence |
|
Krishna is an avatar, or incarnation, of |
Vishnu |
|
Meeting with Sandrokoptros, or Chandragupta Maurya, may have convinced Alexander the |
not invade India |
|
The Code of Manu, written c. 200 CE, offered advice and instructions on |
Proper Behavior |
|
How did the founder of the Jains, Mahavira, die? |
ritually starved himself to death |
|
Buddhist monasteries throughout Southeast Asia and Asia were used for hostels as well as for |
True |
|
The first methods of measuring time on calendars by the Indians used what astronomical |
Selected Answer: solar year Answers: lunar months solar year meteor showers solar eclipses9 |
|
Why did the Romans stop their trade with the Gupta? |
Romans could not afford to send any more gold or silver to India. |
|
What mathematical concept were the Indians the first to use? |
zero |
|
Briefly describe the Four Noble Truths that the Buddha described; how do these represent a |
Answer: The Four Noble Truths pertain solely to suffering. It speaks of the truth of suffering, the end of suffering, the path to end it, and also speaks of the cause of suffering. Buddhism is a less extreme than Jain traditions. While both religions seek peace and meditation, Jain take it to a level to where it commonly leads to death. Buddhism also is in contrast to Vedic traditions since it does not contain a caste system, whereas the Vedic traditions do. |
|
In the Hindu system as it evolved from the Gupta period onward, what caused ritual |
Contact with someone of the lower class |
|
The first depictions of the Buddha in human form closely resembled the Greek depiction of |
Apollo. |
|
Ashoka’s court was located at ___________, which was very rich from trade and taxes. |
Selected Answer: Delhi Answers: Taxila Badama Pataliputra Delhi8 |
|
According to Hindu beliefs, what is “Bharata”? |
India as a land united through faith |
|
The “wheel of dharma” was an early representation of |
the buddha |
|
How did the invasions, and attempted conquest of Alexander, aid Chandragupta to build his |
Invasions throughout India and west of them lead to advantages that aided Chandragupta to build his empire. Reoccuring battles lead to disruptions in civilizations which provided the advantages Chandragupta needed. Also, his families long line of rulers help aid his knowledge on forming and maintaining his empire. |