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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
American military that does not rely conscription to supply its military needs, caused man-power shortage |
All-Volunteer Force (AVF) |
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Battle for control of the Atlantic Ocean, between German and Allies. |
Battle of the Atlantic |
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Bombing of industrial targets to impede a nation's ability to wage war, with civilian targets as a last resort. Used for WWII |
AWPD-1 |
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Two-pronged attack in 1943-1944 in the Pacific. MacArthur leading charge on Philippines, Nimitz going through the Solomon Islands. Both had Rabaul as a target |
Operation CARTWHEEL |
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Continuous bombing of German targets by British and Americans, British bombing at night & Americans bombing during the day |
Combined Bomber Offensive |
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Combination of British Chiefs of Staff Committee and American Joint Chiefs of Staff. Used for planning for Europe in WWII |
Combined Chiefs of Staff |
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Pacification program to generate support for South Vietnamese government in rural areas & create defectors from VC/NVA |
CORDS |
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Supreme Allied Commander during WWII |
Dwight D. Eisenhower |
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Policy introduced by Kennedy to respond to any measure of aggression, using conventional and nuclear warfare. Used as a method of deterrence |
Flexible Response |
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1st major battle between America and NVA. Marked first use of helicopters by Americans. |
Battle of Ia Drang |
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Officially recognized under the National Security Act of 1947, it's a combination of major branches |
Joint Chiefs of Staff |
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Fleet Admiral of US Navy in WWII in Atlantic |
Ernest J. King |
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US Policy to lend material aid to allied nations to keep them afloat during WWII |
Lend-Lease |
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Biggest battle between Japanese and America, first organized used of kamikazes. Destruction of Japanese Fleet |
Battle of Leyte Gulf |
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Major bombing offensive by Nixon to stop the flow of materials for the Easter Offensive and bring NV into serious negotiations |
Operation LINEBACKER |
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Army commander of the Pacific during WWII, commander of UN forces for portion of Korean War before being replaced by Matthew Ridgeway |
Douglas MacArthur |
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Failed British-planned operation to drive into Germany through its Northern border. American and British airborne heavily used |
Operation MARKET-GARDEN |
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Chief of Staff during WWII, Secretary of Defense for Korean War |
George C. Marshall |
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Policy to respond with nuclear arms to aggression. No clear line on what would draw nuclear retaliation |
Massive Retaliation |
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1st major naval battle of WWII, major US victory. Causes Japan navy to become ineffective in supplying outer islands |
Battle of Midway |
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Preacher of air power |
William Mitchell |
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Invasion of the 1st true Japanese island, last major battle of WWII. American victory |
Battle of Okinawa |
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Normandy |
Operation OVERLORD |
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Guiding force in the creation of the National Defense Act of 1920, advisor on the War Department of the General Staff in WWII |
John McAuley Palmer |
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Nickname "Great Marianas Turkey Shoot", elimination of most naval carriers for Japan. Largest carrier-to-carrier battle in history |
Battle of Philippine Sea |
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Creation of three main sections of army, regular army, national guard, and army reserves. |
National Defense Act of 1920 |
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Created the Air Force as a separate entity, merged Department of War/Army/Navy into National Military Establishment. Created CIA & Joint Chiefs of Staff |
National Security Act of 1947 |
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Provides the blueprint for America during the Cold War. Advocated large military budget, advancing nuclear armament, & protecting American allies from communist aggression |
NSC-68 |
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Line where UN forces were pushed back to in Korean war |
Pusan Perimeter |
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Bombing campaign implemented by Johnson to prop up SV government and keep NV from supplying VC. Not majorly effective due to restrictions imposed by Johnson |
Operation ROLLING THUNDER |
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destined to be the basis for American strategy in World War II, assumed that the United States was allied with Britain and France and provided for offensive operations by American forces in Europe, Africa, or both |
RAINBOW-5 |
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Draft for WWII, peacetime draft. |
Selective Service and Training Act of 1940 |
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3 ways of delivering nuclear warheads, strategic bombers, inter-continental basaltic missile (ICBM), sub-marine launched ballistic missile (SLBM) |
The Strategic or Nuclear Triad |
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NVA/VC attack on major SV cities. Planned on SV uprising, but led to strengthening of SV government. Misreporting led US public to believe Tet Offensive was major success |
Tet Offensive |
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Combination of all three armies: army, national guard, & army reserves |
Total Force |
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Plan to counter Soviet expansion, led to the start of NATO and may be start of Cold War |
Truman Doctrine |
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Coalition of many nations to prevent a third world war. Forces fought in Korea, led by MacArthur |
United Nations |
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Communist guerrillas fighting in SV with the help of the NVA. Destroyed after the Tet Offensive |
Viet Cong |
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Plan for America to slowly exit Vietnam and help ARVN fight its own war |
Vietnamization |
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series of United StatesJoint Army and Navy Board war plans for dealing with a possible war with Japan during the years between the First and Second World Wars. |
War Plan ORANGE |
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Compare and contrast American strategy in the Second World War and Vietnam. What were the United States’ goals in each conflict and what strategies did it employ to obtain them?What factors shaped American strategy in each case?
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Discuss American military mobilization during the Second World War and Korea. What factors influenced manpower and industrial mobilization? In turn, how did mobilization influence American strategy? |
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How did atomic weapons influence American defense policy in the decades following WorldWar II? Be sure to consider the developments within the individual armed services inaddition to changes in national strategy and policy.
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· Nuclear Triad · Caution in military matters involving SovietUnion/China · Money spent on developing nuclearpayloads/developmental programs |
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Compare American and Allied involvement in Korea with that in Vietnam. How were the two wars similar and how were they different? Be sure to consider the diplomatic and the domestic environments in addition to the inherent military problems posed by each conflict
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How did changing technology alter the practice of warfare from 1865 to 1975? What technological innovations have had the greatest impact? In your opinion, how well did the American military adjust to these changes? |
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What forces have shaped American military strategy from the Revolutionary War through the Vietnam War? How have those forces changed? How do you account for this change (or these changes) and which one (ones) do you feel are most important and why? (Hint: your focus should be on analyzing general trends, not creating a chronological list of campaigns.)
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Compare and contrast the ways the United States raised its armies during the Revolutionary War, the Civil War, and the Second World War. How did American manpower procurement policies change over time? How do you account for these changes?
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