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75 Cards in this Set
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- 3rd side (hint)
Anatomy |
The study of structure |
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Physiology |
Study of function |
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Levels of organization |
1) Molecules 2) Cells 3) Tissues 4) Organs 5) Organ systems 6) Human organism |
From simple to complex |
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Organ |
A group of tissues arranged to perform a particular function |
EX: Heart, lung |
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Organ System |
A group of organs that help each other to perform a particular function |
There are 11 organ systems |
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Integumentary System |
Provides the covering for the body, and maintains body temperature |
Skin, hair, nails |
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Skeletal system |
Provides support and protection |
Bones, joints, and cartilage |
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The muscular system |
Enables the body to move Skeletal muscles Cardiac muscles Smooth muscles |
Contraction/relaxation |
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The nervous system |
Concerned with sensation, interpretation, integration |
Brain, spinal cord, nerves, sense organs |
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Endocrine system |
Secretes hormones that help control the body activities such as growth and reproduction |
Hormones |
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Circulatory system |
Transport nutrients and oxygen around the body |
The heart |
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The lymphatic system |
Concerned with defense againist pathogens and and forgein substances |
Lymph nodes, lymphatic vessels, lymph, lymphoid |
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The respiratory system |
Takes in oxygen and excreted carbon dioxide |
Oxygen, carbon dioxide |
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The digestive system |
Takes in, breaks down, and absorbs food; it then excreted waste |
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The urinary system |
Excretes waste and regulates body water and dissolved substances |
Kidneys |
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The reproductive system |
Is concerned with the production of offspring |
Ovaries |
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Homeostasis |
The ability of the body to maintain a stable internal environment in response to a changing external environment |
Staying the same |
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Anatomical position |
The body standing erect, arms by the side with palms facing forward |
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The anatomical terms |
Describe the body in its anatomical positions |
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Anterior (Ventral) |
Toward the front surface Paired with posterior |
Front |
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Posterior (dorsal) |
Toward the back surface Paired with anterior |
Dorsal/back |
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Superior |
Part that is above another part or is closer to the head Ex: the head is closer to the chest Paired with inferior |
Above |
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Inferior |
A part is located below another part Ex: the chest, is inferior to the head Paired with superior |
Below |
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Medial |
Toward Midline of the body A line drawn drawn through the middle of your body Ex: nose is medial to the ears Paired with lateral |
Midline |
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Lateral |
Away from midline of the body Ex: the ears are lateral to the nose Paired with medial |
Away from middle |
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Proximal |
The structure is nearer the point of attachment Ex: the wrist is proximal to the fingers Paired with distal |
Closer |
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Distal |
A part that is further away from the point of attachment of another part Ex: the wrist is distal to the elbow Paired with proximal |
Further away |
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Superficial |
A part located on or near the surface of the body Ex: the skin is superficial to the muscles Paired with deep |
Surface |
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Deep |
The body part is away from the surface of the body Ex: the bones are deep in the skin Ex: Paired with superficial |
Away from surface |
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Central |
The part is located in the center Ex: the heart is located centrally Paired with peripheral |
Centrally |
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Peripheral |
Away from the center Ex: away from the center and extending toward the limbs Central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) /peripheral nervous system (nerves) |
Away from center |
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How many planes are there? |
Three planes: 1) Sagittal 2) Frontal (cornal) 3) Transverse plane |
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Sagittal plane |
Divides the body length wise into right and left portions |
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The frontal (cornal) |
Divides the body into anterior (ventral) and posterior (dorsal) portions Front part and back part of your body |
Crown |
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Transverse |
Divides the body horizontally creates an upper (superior) and lower (inferior) body |
Cross section |
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Dorsal cavity |
Contains the cranial cavity (brain) The spinal cavity (spinal cord) |
Back |
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Ventral cavity |
Contains the thoracic and adominopelvic cavity |
Larger/front |
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Thoracic cavity |
Above the diaphragm Contains the lungs, and the mediastinum (heart, trachea, esophagus, thymus gland, and the large blood vessels attached to the heart) |
In the Ventral cavity |
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The adominopelvic cavity |
Located below the diaphragm Contains the abdominal cavity and pelvic cavity |
In the Ventral cavity/contains two cavities |
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Abdominal cavity |
The upper part of the adominopelvic cavity (stomach, most of the intestines, the liver, the spleen, and the kidneys) |
Upper/Ventral |
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The pelvic cavity |
Lower part of the adominopelvic cavity (reproductive organs, the urinary system, and the lower part of the intestines) |
Lower/Ventral |
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How is the adominopelvic cavity divided? |
Four quadrants and nine regions |
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The 4 quadrants in the adominopelvic cavity |
Right upper quadrant (RUQ) Right lower quadrant (RLQ) Left upper quadrant (LUQ) Left lower quadrant (LLQ) |
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The nine regions in the adominopelvic cavity |
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What is deep? |
*Opposite of superficial *body part that is away from the surface of the body Ex: bones are deep to skin |
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Pedal |
Foot area |
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Popliteal |
Refers to the area behind the kneecap |
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Gluteal |
Buttocks |
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Fermonal |
Thigh area |
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Sternal |
Refers to the area in the middle of the anterior chest |
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Brachial |
Arm |
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Axillary |
Armpit |
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Deltoid |
Rounded area of the shoulder close to the upper arm |
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Buccal |
Check |
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Umbilical |
Navel (belly button) |
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Occipital |
Back of the head |
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Scapular |
Shoulder blades area |
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Pubic |
Genital area |
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Abdominal |
Anterior trunk below the ribs |
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Patellar |
Kneecap |
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Lumbar |
Lower back region |
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Cervical |
Neck region |
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Inguinal |
Groin area |
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Oral |
Pertaining to the mouth |
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Digital |
Fingers and toes |
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The cavity that is divided into quadrants, such as the right and left upper and lower quadrants |
Adominopelvic cavity |
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The lower ventral cavity separated from the thoracic cavity by the diaphragm |
Adominopelvic |
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The upper ventral cavity surrounded by the ribs and largely filled with lungs? |
Thoracic cavity |
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The part of the ventral cavity that contains the mediastinum |
Thoracic cavity |
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A dorsal cavity that extends from the cranial cavity and contains the spinal cord |
Vertebral cavity |
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Also called the spinal cord |
Vertebral cavity |
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A dorsal cavity that contains the brain |
Cranial cavity |
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The location of the adominopelvic cavity |
Ventral cavity |
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The location of the thoracic cavity |
Ventral cavity |
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The cavity that is divided into regions, such as the epigastric, iliac, and umbilical regions |
Adominopelvic cavity |
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