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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the substances that the body needs to regulate bodily functions, promote growth, repair body tissues, and obtain energy
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Nutrients
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the process by which the body takes in and uses these nutrients
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Nutrition
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the chemical processes by which your body breaks down food to release this energy
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Metabolism
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the amount of energy released when nutrients are burned is measured in these units
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Calories
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nutrients made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen; they are a great source of energy; simple and complex
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Carbohydrates
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the most important sugar/simple carbohydrate; the major provider of energy for the cells of the body
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Glucose
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a starch that extra glucose is converted into and stored in the body
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Glycogen
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a type of complex carbohydrate found in plants that cannot be broken down and absorbed in the bloodstream; it passes through the body undigested
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Fiber
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a fat that contains fewer than the maximum possible number of hydrogen atoms in its structure
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Unsaturated Fats
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a fat that contains as many hydrogen atoms in its structure as is possible chemically
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Saturated Fats
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a waxy, fat-like substance found in the cells of all animals; associated with heart disease
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Cholesterol
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nutrients that contain nitrogen as well as carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
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Proteins
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smaller substances that make up proteins
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Amino Acids
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the nine amino acids that the body cannot manufacture
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Essential Amino Acids
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nutrients that are made by living things, are required only in small amounts, and assist in may chemical reactions
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Vitamins
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occurs when a person does not get enough of a specific nutrient
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Deficiency
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nutrients that occur naturally in rocks and soil
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Minerals
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carries oxygen from your lungs to all parts of your body
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Hemoglobin
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a condition in which the red blood cells do not contain enough hemoglobin
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Anemia
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the dissolved substances found in water that reculates cell processes
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Electrolytes
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the process of maintaining a steady state in your body
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Homeostasis
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a serious reduction in the body’s water content
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Dehydration
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a graph that groups foods according to types and indicates how many servings of each type should be eaten daily
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Food Guide Pyramid
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the proportion of nutrients in a food compared to the number of calories
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Nutrient Density
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a recommendation, developed by nutrition experts in the US government, for the amount of a specific nutrient that the average person should obtain each day
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Daily Values
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any condition in which a person’s nutrient consumption is inadequate or unbalanced
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Malnutrition
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a serious condition in which the diet does not contain adequate protein, nor does it supply enough calories to meet the body’s energy needs
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Protein Energy Malnutrition
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