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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
particle theory of matter
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theory stating that all matter is
composed of very tiny objects called particles; that all particles have spaces between them; that particles of matter are always in motion; that particles in a substance attract each other |
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matter
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anything that has mass and volume
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2 different types of matter
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- pure substances
- mixtures |
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element
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pure substance that cannot be broken down into a
simpler substance |
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compound
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pure substance made from two or more elements
that are combined together chemically |
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solution
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- combination of pure substances in which the
different substances are not individually visible - a homogeneous mixture |
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mechanical mixture
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- combination of pure substances in which
the different substances are individually visible - heterogeneous mixture |
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Ductility
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Any solid that can be stretched into a long wire is said to be ductile
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Colour and Lustre
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the light a substance reflects gives it colour and lustre (shine)
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conductivity
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The ability of a substance to conduct electricity or heat.
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Density
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The amount of mass in a given volume of a substance
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Hardness
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A substance's ability to resist being scratched.
(Usually measured on the Mohs scale) |
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Malleability
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A substance that can be pounded or rolled into sheets .
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Viscosity
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The resistance to flow
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Cohesion
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Sticks to itself
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Adhesion
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Sticks to other substances
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Physical Property
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Describes a characteristic of a substance that can be observed or measured.
(Melting point) |
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proton
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- positively charged particle in an atom
- found in the nucleus |
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pure substance
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- one kind of matter with a unique set of
properties, such as colour, hardness, boiling point, and melting point; - an element or compound |
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atom
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smallest part of an element that has all of the element’s
properties |
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molecule
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group of atoms that share electrons; molecular
compounds contain molecules |
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molecular compound
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pure substance that is formed when non-metals combine chemically
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ion
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atom or group of atoms that has lost or gained electrons
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ionic compound
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pure substance consisting of at least one metal and one non-metal
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chemical property
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- ability of a substance to change into a new substance or substances;
- e.g., how a substance interacts with other substances, such as acids, or how it reacts to heat or light |
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electron
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- negatively charged particle in an atom; located
outside the nucleus of the atom |
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valence electron
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electron in the valence shell of an atom
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neutron
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- particle that has no electric charge so is neutral;
- located in the nucleus of the atom |
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mixture
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- a combination of pure substances
- substances in a mixture do not combine chemically like when a compound forms |
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alloy
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A mixture of two or more metals
- e.g. white gold |