Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Elements
|
Substances that can't be broken down into simpler substances.
|
|
How many natural elements?
|
90
|
|
How many elements are essential to humans?
|
25
|
|
What elements are 96% of human mass?
|
Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, and Nitrogen
|
|
Trace Elements
|
Small amounts of elements; required for healthy cells
|
|
Atom
|
Smallest particle of an element that the characteristics of that element.
|
|
Nucleus
|
center of atom
|
|
What does the nucleus contain?
|
protons (p+) and neutrons (n0)
|
|
Electrons (e-) surround the nucleus in what?
|
Electron Cloud
|
|
Amount of electrons in the 1ST energy level
|
2
|
|
Amount of electrons in 2ND energy level
|
8
|
|
Amount of electrons in 3RD energy level
|
18
|
|
Atoms have no net charge.
|
protons = electrons
|
|
Isotopes
|
atoms of the same element, but different numbers of neutrons
|
|
Compound
|
2 or more different elements that are chemically combined
|
|
Examples of Compounds
|
Table Salt (NaCl)
Water (H2O) |
|
Covalent Bonds
|
Electrons shared between 2 atoms
|
|
Molecule
|
group of atoms held together by covalent bonds
has no overall charge |
|
Ion
|
an atom that gains or loses electrons and has an electrical charge
|
|
Ionic bond
|
formed between 2 ions with opposite charges,
one atom loses an electron, another gains an electron |
|
Metabolism
|
all of the chemical reactions that occur in an organism
|
|
metabole
|
change
|
|
metabole
|
change
|
|
Reactants
|
substances that undergo reaction
|
|
Reactants
|
substances that undergo reaction
|
|
metabole
|
change
|
|
Products
|
Substances formed by reactions
|
|
Products
|
Substances formed by reactions
|
|
Reactants
|
substances that undergo reaction
|
|
Metabolism
|
all of the chemical reactions that occur in an organism
|
|
Mixture
|
combination of substances;
individual components retain their own properties |
|
Mixture
|
combination of substances;
individual components retain their own properties |
|
Products
|
Substances formed by reactions
|
|
Metabolism
|
all of the chemical reactions that occur in an organism
|
|
Mixture
|
combination of substances;
individual components retain their own properties |
|
Metabolism
|
all of the chemical reactions that occur in an organism
|
|
Solute
|
substance being dissolved
|
|
metabole
|
change
|
|
Solution
|
Combination combination in which one or more substances are distributed evenly; substances can't be seperated
|
|
metabole
|
change
|
|
Solvent
|
substance doing the dissolving
|
|
Solute
|
substance being dissolved
|
|
Reactants
|
substances that undergo reaction
|
|
Products
|
Substances formed by reactions
|
|
Reactants
|
substances that undergo reaction
|
|
pH
|
measure of how acidic or basic the solution is
|
|
Products
|
Substances formed by reactions
|
|
Solvent
|
substance doing the dissolving
|
|
Solvent
|
substance doing the dissolving
|
|
Products
|
Substances formed by reactions
|
|
pH
|
measure of how acidic or basic the solution is
|
|
pH
|
measure of how acidic or basic the solution is
|
|
Mixture
|
combination of substances;
individual components retain their own properties |
|
pH scale
|
0-14
|
|
Mixture
|
combination of substances;
individual components retain their own properties |
|
Mixture
|
combination of substances;
individual components retain their own properties |
|
pH scale
|
0-14
|
|
pH scale
|
0-14
|
|
Solution
|
Combination combination in which one or more substances are distributed evenly; substances can't be seperated
|
|
Solution
|
Combination combination in which one or more substances are distributed evenly; substances can't be seperated
|
|
Solution
|
Combination combination in which one or more substances are distributed evenly; substances can't be seperated
|
|
Solute
|
substance being dissolved
|
|
Solute
|
substance being dissolved
|
|
Solute
|
substance being dissolved
|
|
Solvent
|
substance doing the dissolving
|
|
Solvent
|
substance doing the dissolving
|
|
Solvent
|
substance doing the dissolving
|
|
pH
|
measure of how acidic or basic the solution is
|
|
pH
|
measure of how acidic or basic the solution is
|
|
pH
|
measure of how acidic or basic the solution is
|
|
pH scale
|
0-14
|
|
pH scale
|
0-14
|
|
pH scale
|
0-14
|
|
Metabolism
|
All of the chemical reactions that occur in an organism
|
|
metabole
|
change
|
|
Reactants
|
substances that undergo reactions
|
|
products
|
substances formed by reactions
|
|
Mixture
|
combination of substances; individual components retain their properties
|
|
Solution
|
a combination in which one or more substances is distributed evenly; substances can't be separated
|
|
solute
|
substance being dissolved
|
|
solvent
|
substance doing the dissolving
|
|
pH
|
is a measure of how acidic or basic a solution is
|
|
pH scale
|
0-14
|
|
Below 7
|
acidic, abundant H+ ions
|
|
Above 7
|
basic, abundant OH- ions
|
|
Water
|
Most important compound in living organisms; used in life processes , material transportation
|
|
polar molecule
|
unequal distribution of charge, ex: water
|
|
hydrogen bond
|
attracts other water molecules, weak attraction
|
|
Properties of water
|
resists temperature changes, requires more heat to raise temperature, acts as an insulator
|