Giwk1- 3-1 Anatomy Inguinal/abdomen

Front 1

Describe the following boundaries of the inguinal canal...
1. floor
2. roof
3. anterior wall
4. posterior wall

Back 1

Boundaries
• Floor: inguinal ligament & lacunar ligament
• Roof: Internal abdominal oblique
fibers
• Anterior wall: External abdominal oblique
• Posterior wall: transversalis fascia and conjoint tendon

Front 2

Borders of Hasselbach's triangle?
What type of hernia occurs here?

Back 2

Inferior epigastric vessels, lateral border of rectus abdominus, and inguinal ligament
DIRECT inguinal hernia (only external spermatic fascia) .. usually in older men

Front 3

What landmarks form the pelvic inlet (aka linea terminalis)?

Back 3

Pectin pubis, arcuate line, and sacral promontory

Front 4

What ligament is important in femoral hernias?
Why?

Back 4

lacunar ligament- It is an extension of the inguinal. its sharp free edge cuts into the femoral triangle which enlarges w/ a femoral hernia....
also its lateral-posterior extension runs along the pectineal line (as the pectineal ligament) and can constrict the hernia tooooooo

Front 5

What hernia occurs often due to incomplete closure of process vaginalis?

Back 5

indirect hernia

Front 6

What guides the descent of the testes?

Back 6

The gubernaculum

Front 7

What is the title of the film that portrays twin boys separated
at conception that work their ways through dark separate descents to greatness (existance) guided by the sage old wizard big G (gubernaculum the wizard) who eventually meet in the end of
the film where they grow very big and eventually hairy

Back 7

Descent of the Testes.... directed by gubernaculum.... starring
My two big balls.

Front 8

Describe the movie "descent of the testes" what layer are they developed?

Back 8

Develope retroperitoneally from urogenital ridge of mesodern in upper lumbar/lower thoracic region
- attached the gubernaculum which is attached to labial scrotal fold inferiorly

Front 9

What is cryptorchidism?

Back 9

undescended testes, associated w/ prematurity... higher incidence of testicular cancer

Front 10

What does the gubernaculum form in the female

Back 10

round lligament of ovary and round ligaments of uterus

Front 11

What is the appendix of the testis a remnant of?
The appendix of the epididymis?

Back 11

Testis: paramesonephric duct
Epididymis: detached efferent duct

Front 12

What do girls like?

Back 12

my epididymis

Front 13

What are the contents of the spermatic cord (internal to internal spermatic fascia)?

Back 13

artery of ductus deferens, testicular artery (w/ autonomic nerves), ductus deferens, pampiniform plexus of veins, and lymphatics

Front 14

What is the adult version of male gubernaculum?

Back 14

scrotal ligament

Front 15

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Front 19

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Front 20

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Front 21

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Front 22

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Front 23

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Front 24

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Front 25

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Front 27

Back 27

Front 28

The abdominal esophagus and parts of the stomach move into the thorax through the esophageal hiatus.
What is it?

Back 28

sliding hiatal hernia

Front 29

The fundus (usually only this) moves into the thorax next to the esophageal hiatus. What is it?

Back 29

paraesophageal hernia

Front 30

Which is sensitive to heat, touch, cold, laceration, and pain is well localized; nerve fibers to the parietal peritoneum or visceral peritoneum?

Back 30

parietal (visceral is poorly localized pain and insensitive...
-primarily stimulated by stretching and chemical irritation)

Front 31

What nerve (& its root) enters the inguinal canal and supplies the groin and scrotum/labium majus?

Back 31

ilioinguinal (L1)

Front 32

What nerve exits the inguinal canal through the superficial ring and innervates the cremaster/cutaneous to labium majus?

Back 32

genital branch of genitofemoral (L1-2)

Front 33

What nerve supplies the cutaneous femoral triangle area?

Back 33

femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve (L1-2)

Front 34

Inferior superficial to umbilicus. where does the lymph drain?
Superior superfical to umbilicus. where does lymph drain? anterior axillary and sternal nodes

Back 34

- superficial inguinal nodes
- anterior axillary and sternal nodes

Front 35

deep lymphatic drainage of abdomen goes where?

Back 35

deep abdominal nodes

Front 36

three places abdominal hernias can occur?

Back 36

umbilical (infants and adults, women) linea alba/epigastric (men), and linea semilunaris

Front 37

A 2-year-old boy presents with pain in his groin that has been increasing in nature over the past few
weeks. He is found to have a degenerative malformation of the transversalis fascia during development.
Which of the structure on the anterior abdominal wall is likely defective?

Back 37

deep inguinal ring

Front 38

A young boy is brought to the hospital after a bicycle accident and possible pelvic fracture. While
awaiting a computed tomography (CT) scan of his pelvis, a physician proceeds with a focal neurologic
examination. In testing the child's reflexes, which of the following nerves would carry afferent impulses the cremasteric reflex?

Back 38

genitofemoral nerve

Front 39

A 9-year-old boy was admitted to the emergency department complaining of nausea, vomiting, fever, loss of appetite. On examination, he was found to have tenderness and pain on the right lower quadrant.
Based on signs and symptoms, the diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made. During an appendectomy
performed at McBurney's point, which of the following structures is most likely to be injured?

Back 39

iliohypogastric nerve

Front 40

An elderly man with prostatic hypertrophy returns to his urologist with another case of epididymitis. acute infection involving the dartos muscle layer of the scrotum most likely leads to an enlargement of which of the following lymph nodes?

Back 40

Superficial inguinal nodes

Front 41

A 6-year-old boy comes to his pediatrician with a lump in the groin near the thigh and pain in the groin.
On examination, the physician makes a diagnosis of a direct inguinal hernia because the hernia

Back 41

Develops after birth

Front 42

A 21-year-old man developed a hernia after lifting heavy boxes while moving into his new house. During
the repair of his resulting hernia, the urologist recalls that the genitofemoral nerve passes through?

Back 42

Passes through the deep inguinal ring

Front 43

An emergent hernia repair is scheduled. As the attending physician is driving to the hospital, the medical student assisting on the case quickly reviews his anatomy atlas and is trying to commit to memory that the internal oblique abdominis muscle contributes to the formation of which of the following structures

Back 43

Falx inguinalis (conjoint tendon)

Front 44

What are the primarily retroperitoneal organs?

Back 44

• kidneys
• ureters
• adrenals
• gonads
• aorta and inferior vena cava

Front 45

What are the secondarily retroperitoneal (became retroperitoneal during development)

Back 45

duodenum (some
of it)
• pancreas
• ascending and
descending colon

Front 46

A 68-year-old woman with uterine carcinoma undergoes surgical resection. This cancer can
spread directly to the labia majora in lymphatics that follow what ligament?

Back 46

Round ligament of the uterus

Front 47

A 22-year-old woman receives a deep cut in the inguinal canal 1 inch lateral to the pubic tubercle. What ligament is lacerated within the inguinal canal?

Back 47

Round ligament of the uterus

Front 48

The gastrosplenic ligament connects what to what and houses what?

Back 48

Separates the left greater and lesser sacs
Connects greater curvature of stomach to spleen
Houses short gastric vessels

Front 49

The gastrocolic ligament connects what to what and houses what?

Back 49

It's a part of the greater omentum
Connects Greater curvature of stomach to the transverse colon houses the gastroepiploic vessels

Front 50

What is the parasympathetic innervation to the foregut, midgut, and hindgut?

Back 50

Vagus: foregut, midgut
Pelvic: hindgut

Front 51

A 32-year-old patient with multiple fractures of the pelvis has no cutaneous sensation in the urogenital triangle. The function of which of the following nerves is most likely to be spared?

Back 51

illioguinal nerve

Front 52

A 22-year-old victim of an automobile accident has received destructive damage to structures that form the boundary of the perineum. Which of the following structures is
spared?

Back 52

sacrospinous ligament

Front 53

A 32-year-old man undergoes vasectomy as a means of permanent birth control. A
physician performing the vasectomy by making an incision on each side of the scrotum should remember which nerves innervate the scrotum?

Back 53

innervated by the ilioinguinal and genitofemoral nerves.

Front 54

1. What Blood Vessel's supply midgut structures?

2. What Blood Vessel's supply hindgut structures? Inferior mesenteric structures

Back 54

1. superior mesenteric artery
2. Inferior mesenteric structures

Front 55

What is housed in the lateral umbilical fold?

Back 55

inferior epigastric vessels

Front 56

Back 56

a round ligament of liver
b. falciform ligament
c. medial umbilical ligament
d. inferior epigastric vessels

Front 58

Back 58

a round ligament of liver
b. falciform ligament
c. medial umbilical ligament
d. inferior epigastric vessels

Front 59

Back 59

Front 60

Back 60

Front 61

Very heavy identify of Fossae

Back 61

Front 62

What is this basically?

Back 62

inframesocolic, supracolic and omental bursa (lesser sac) compartments of peritoneal cavity

Front 63

Back 63

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Front 65

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Front 66

Back 66

Front 67

side view peritoneal cavity

Back 67