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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Describe the position of the pancrease
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posterior to the stomach from the duodenum to the spleen; retroperitoneal EXCEPT the tail that lies within the hilus of the spleen
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What part of the pancreas is NOT retroperitoneal
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Tail that lies within the hilus of the spleen
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Where does cancer of the pancreas usually appear?
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In its head; often associated with obstruction of bilary ducts (jaundice)
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What vertebrae are associated with the neck of the pancreas?
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L1-2
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Where does the head of the pancreas lie?
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within the curve of the duodenum
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What is the uncinate process?
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Prolongation of the head which projects medially, posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels
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What structures lie posterior to the neck of the pancreas?
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Superior mesenteric vein, splenic vein which form the portal vein
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The body of the pancreas extends across which BV?
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aorta
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Where does the tail of the pancreas pass through?
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splenorenal ligament to the hilus of the spleen (with the splenic vessels)
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The main pancreatic duct usually joins the common bile duct to form what?
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hepatopancreatic duct which opens at the major duodenal papilla
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What does the accessory pancreatic duct drain?
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head of the pancreas
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How may a gallstone cause pancreatitis?
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As it travels down the bile duct, it may become lodged at the opening of the major duodenal papilla causing bile to back up into the pancreatic duct
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What is the blood supply to the body and tail of the pancreas?
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Branches of the splenic artery
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What is the blood supply to the head of the pancreas and duodenum?
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Branches of the gastroduodenal artery (anterior superior pancreaticoduodenal and posterior superior pancreaticoduodenal) and branchs of the Superior mesenteric (Anterior inferior and posterior inferior pancreaticoduodenal)
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The cystic artery is usually a branch of what?
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Right hepatic
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What artery is most likely to be damaged during a cholecystectomy?
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Right hepatic
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How is the cystic artery protected during surgery?
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Dissection of the cystohepatic triangle (Calot's triangle)
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What are the boundaries of the Cystohepatic Triangle (Calot's triangle)
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Liver tissue, cystic duct and common hepatic duct
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What forms the common Bile Duct?
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Common Hepatic duct and Cystic Duct
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What does the spiral fold do in the cystic duct?
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keeps the duct open at all times so bile can flow easily into and out of the gall bladder
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After a cholecystectomy, what ducts often dilate to store bile?
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bile and hepatic
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In what lobe of the liver does the gallbladder lie?
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Right Quadrate
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Anatomically, the Caudate and Quadrate lobes are part of which lobe of the liver?
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Right
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Functionally, the caudate and quadrate lobes are part of which lobe of the liver?
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Left
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Where does the hepatic vein empty into?
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The IVC
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Instead of capillaries, the liver has what?
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Sinusoids
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What is in a liver lobule?
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hepatocytes arranged around a central vein
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What divides the liver into R and L lobes?
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Falciform ligament
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What structures lie in the right sagittal limb of the liver?
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sulcus for IVC and fossa for the GB
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What structures lie in the left sagittal limb of the liver?
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Fissure for ligamentum venosum (ductus venosus in fetus) and ligamentum teres hepatis (obliterated umbilical vein)
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What structures lie in the protal limb of the liver?
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porta hepatis; separates the caudate and quadrate lobes
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What is the portal triad/pedicle?
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hepatic artery, portal vein and bile duct
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The hepatic artery is a branch of what>
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common hepatic off the celiac trunk
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The portal vein is formed posterior to the neck of the pancreas by the union of...
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Superior mesenteric vein, inferior mesenteric vein and splenic vein
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Surrounds the hepatopancreatic duct and controls the flow of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum
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Sphincter of Oddi
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Controls the flow of bile in the common bile duct to the hepatopancreatic duct
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Choledochal sphincter
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Where is a common site for gallstones?
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Hepatopancreatic duct (narrowest part of biliary passages)
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How can blood from the GI tract still reach the right atrium when the portal vein is obstructed?
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Caval (superior and inferior vena cave)
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What anastomoses is enlarged with caput medusae?
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paraumbilical veins in the falciform ligament with subcutaneous veins in the anterior ab wall
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What anastomoses is enlarged with rectal hemorrhoids or piles?
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Superior rectal vein (portal) with middle and inferior rectal veins (caval)
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Where is the location of the spleen?
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LUQ against ribs 9-11
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Name some fxns of the spleen
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produce Ab from plasma cells; filter blood' store and concentrate blood cells and platelets
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What part of the spleen does the splenic artery enter and the vein leave?
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Hilus
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What is the larges lymphoid organ?
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Spleen
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What does the gastrolineal ligament of the spleen contain?
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left gastroomental and short gastric arteries (from hilus to greater curvature)
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What does the splenorenal ligament contain>
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splenic vessels and tail of pancreas
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Most frequently injured organ in the body
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Spleen (Bag of blood!)
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