Geology 101 Wvu Final

Front 1

what mineral is most resistant to chemical weathering

Back 1

quartz

Front 2

physical breakdown of larger rocks into smaller rocks without any change in composition is called

Back 2

physical weathering

Front 3

chemical weathering is dependent upon

Back 3

climate, rock type, and time

Front 4

why is the statue of liberty now green instead of original color brown

Back 4

exposure to water and oxygen in NY humid climate has oxidized the copper

Front 5

is soil a type of sediment

Back 5

yes

Front 6

petroleum is found mainly in

Back 6

sedimentary rocks

Front 7

what are the crystals that hold sedimentary rocks together

Back 7

cement

Front 8

what is the precursor rock for gneiss

Back 8

granite

Front 9

localized areas of metamorphism that occur around igneous intrusions are called

Back 9

contact metamorphism

Front 10

how does mineral talc form

Back 10

during metamorhpism

Front 11

where would you go to see relatively young metamorphic rocks

Back 11

himalaya mountains

Front 12

what rock makes most durable long-lasting kitchen countertop

Back 12

quartzite

Front 13

the spot within the earth's crust at which an earthquake originates is called

Back 13

focus

Front 14

which earthquake waves move fastest

Back 14

p-waves

Front 15

which earthquake waves are least/most destructive

Back 15

p-waves/ s-waves

Front 16

strong earthquakes can trigger

Back 16

tsunami, landslides, and fires

Front 17

were any U.S. coastal towns affected by the March, 2011 tsunami that devastated Japan

Back 17

yes

Front 18

where are high concentrations of radon found

Back 18

near granite and/or black shale

Front 19

what is a fulgurite

Back 19

a tube of quartzite made by a lightning strike

Front 20

How do metamorphic geologists determine conditions under which metamorphic rocks form

Back 20

experimental petrology

Front 21

list three ways that mountains form

Back 21

-volcanoes

-erosional remnants

-deformation mountains

Front 22

how do geologists determine past environments, climate, and life from sedimentary rocks

Back 22

-uniformitarianism

-lithology

-fossils

-geometry of deposit

-sedimentary structures- any feature that forms in loose sediments and gets cemented

Front 23

how old is the earth

Back 23

4.6 billion years

Front 24

in order to be suitable for radiometric dating, a rock must contain

Back 24

radioactive isotopes

Front 25

the time taken for one half of a radioactive parent isotope to decay to its daughter isotope is called

Back 25

half life

Front 26

geologists use radiometric isotopes to

Back 26

determine absolute ages of rocks

Front 27

can carbon-14 dating only be used for organic material that is relatively young

Back 27

yes

Front 28

unless rocks have been overturned, the oldest rock layers are at the bottom and the youngest rocks are at the the top, this is

Back 28

principle of superposition

Front 29

all maps should have a

Back 29

north arrow, title, and scale

Front 30

the contour interval on a map is

Back 30

the elevation difference between contour lines

Front 31

the volume of a river water flowing through a specific area is called its

Back 31

discharge

Front 32

why is the mississippi often brown near New Orleans

Back 32

it is carrying a lot of sediment in suspension

Front 33

what manmade objects are built along some riverbanks to prevent flooding

Back 33

artificial levees

Front 34

curves in a river channel are called

Back 34

meanders

Front 35

grains bounced along a river bottom are undergoing

Back 35

saltation

Front 36

porosity is

Back 36

percentage of pore space in a sediment or rock

Front 37

which would make the best aquifer?

shale, mud, granite, or gravel

Back 37

gravel

Front 38

what are good uses for land on a floodplain

Back 38

golf course, playground, farm

Front 39

when building a landfill, how can contamination of groundwater table be prevented

Back 39

-line the bottom of the landfill with clay

-locate the landfill bottom above the water table

Front 40

what is the result of a well drilled into a confined aquifer

Back 40

water flows up to the surface on its own

Front 41

when is the water table typically the highest/lowest

Back 41

- in the spring after a lot of rain and snowmelt

- after a long drought

Front 42

should you be excited to inherit land that once was occupied by a gas station

Back 42

no

Front 43

besides the marcellus shale, which other rock formation is being drilled for natural gas in the western PA, eastern Ohio, and WV area

Back 43

utica shale

Front 44

the first superfund site was

Back 44

love canal, New York

Front 45

what is fracking

Back 45

Fracking refers to the procedure of creating fractures in rocks and rock formations by injecting fluid into cracks to force them further open.

Front 46

what is the most common mineral on earth

Back 46

feldspar

Front 47

what is the maximum amplitude of s-wave at epicenter

Back 47

richter scale magnitude

Front 48

what is precursor rock for quartzite

Back 48

quartz sandstone

Front 49

what is "the present is the key to the past"

Back 49

uniformitarianism

Front 50

what is rappidly approaching 400 ppm as measured at mauna loa obsercatory

Back 50

co2 in atmosphere

Front 51

what mineral can you eat

Back 51

halite or clay

Front 52

who monitors drinking water quality in the U.S.

Back 52

E.P.A.

Front 53

what is thought to be hardest substance on earth

Back 53

diamond

Front 54

what was volcano of philipines that had a huge eruption in 1991

Back 54

mount pinatubo

Front 55

what is green mineral from mantle

Back 55

olivine

Front 56

what mineral forms in salt lakes with chemical composition NaCl

Back 56

halite or gypsum

Front 57

what is mineral composition of limestone and marble

Back 57

Calcium Carbonate

Front 58

SO2 and CO2, emissions, shallow earthquakes, and bulging lava domes are what

Back 58

precursors of volcanic eruptions

Front 59

what is the subsurface boundary below which all pore space is filled with liquid

Back 59

water table

Front 60

what are two U.S. national parks that are above hot spots

Back 60

Volcanoes national park and Yellowstone

Front 61

what is the fastest moving seismic wave

Back 61

p-wave

Front 62

what is black shale or granite in you basement

Back 62

Radon

Front 63

what mineral when breathed in over long time can cause lung cancer

Back 63

asbestos

Front 64

what is composite and shield

Back 64

types of volcanoes

Front 65

the earth is composed of what

Back 65

solid inner core, liquid outer core, mantle, and crust

Front 66

what crust is thin, dense, and composed mostly of mafic igneous rocks

Back 66

oceanic crust

Front 67

most volcanic eruptions and earthquakes

Back 67

occur along plate boundaries

Front 68

long narrow mountain ranges composed of volcanoes along coastlines, such as the andes mountains are formed at

Back 68

subduction zones

Front 69

new oceanic crust is made at

Back 69

divergent plate boundaries

Front 70

the himalaya mountains were formed at

Back 70

continental collisions

Front 71

is west virginia on a tectonically active plate boundary

Back 71

no

Front 72

is california

Back 72

yes

Front 73

why is geology important

Back 73

- geologic hazards

- health impacts

- earth materials are economic resource

- earth history

Front 74

What kind of aed structure is this? What do they indicate about environment?

Back 74

Ripples and water or air current

Front 75

Which well would be best to clean up the contaminant

Back 75

Well B

Front 76

What direction is blue river flowing? Which town is more likely to flood

Back 76

North
Tiny town

Front 77

What feature is on the inside of a river bend

Back 77

Point bar

Front 78

What sedimentary rock is shown?

Back 78

Conglomerate

Front 79

What sedimentary rock is shown?

Back 79

Conglomerate

Front 80

This photo shows a... What type of stress is formed?

Back 80

Normal fault
Extensional

Front 81

What geologic structure is shown? What kind of strain formed?

Back 81

Syncline
Plastic