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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Gene
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A short strand of DNA, carried by Chromosomes
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chromosome
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gene-carriers found in the Nucleus of a cell
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chromatid
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Each of the two daughter strands of a duplicated chromosome
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haploid
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A single set of chromosomes 23 (half the full set of genetic material) present in sex cells
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diploid
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A full set of genetic material consisting of paired human chromosomes from each parent. Full set of chromosomes (46)
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centromere
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The central portion of the chromosome to which the spindle fibers attach during mitotic and meiotic division
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Autosomes
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cells that do not determine sex
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sex cells/gamets
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A specialized reproductive cell through which sexually reproducing parents pass chromosomes to their offspring
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homozygous dominant
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A diploid organism that has the same dominant allele for a given gene locus on both members of a homologous pair of chromosomes.
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homozygous recessive
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having recessive alleles at the same locus on a chromosome. This in the only time a recessive trait will be phenotypically (physically) seen.
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heterozygous
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having two different alleles of a single gene.
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genotype
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Entire genetic identity of an organism; includes alleles
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phenotype
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Visible/Measurable characteristics of an individual (ie eye colour)
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allele
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alternative forms of a single gene that occupies the same locus on a chromosome. Randomly donated from parents to children
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mitosis
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: is when the contents of a cell duplicate producing two daughter cells, each with the same amount of cellular material.
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