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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is protoplasm
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jellylike substance containing food elements (proteins, fats, carbs, mineral salts and H2O)
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What is metabolism
Name the 2 phases |
chemical process where cells are nourished and carry out their activities
1. anabolism: the process of building up larger molecules from small ones (stores food, water and oxygen) 2. catabolism: complex compounds in the cells are broken down and energy is released (muscle contractions, heat production, body secretions) |
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What are the 4 types of tissues
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connective
epithelial muscular nerve |
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What is connective tissue
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supports, protects and binds together other tissues bone, cartilage, ligaments, fat, tendons, fascia (collagen and elastin are located in the connective tissue)
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What is epithelial tissue
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protective covering on body surfaces. Skin, mucous membranes and the lining of organs and glands are epithelial tissue
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What is muscular tissue
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muscles that contract and move the body
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What is nerve tissue
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carries messages to and from the brain and controls and coordinates functions. neurons.... that make up the brain, and spinal cord
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What are organs
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a group of tissues designed to perform a specific function
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What are body systems
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group of organs acting together to perform 1 or more functions
11 major systems |
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Define the skeletal system
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physical foundation of the body-provides shape, support and protection allowing the body movement, producing blood and storing minerals
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How many bones are in the body
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206
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What connects muscles to bone
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tendons
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What connects bone to bone
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ligaments
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What is bone tissue made of
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bone cells, collagenous fibers and ground substance
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What are the 2 types of joints
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movable: elbows, knees and hips
immovable:pelvis and skull |
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How many bones are in the skull
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22
cranium=8 facial=14 |
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8 bones of the cranium
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occupital
temporal parietal frontal ethmoid (spongy bone that forms part of the nasal cavity) sphenoid (hold all the bones together) |
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14 bones of the face
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nasal bones (2)
maxilla (2) mandible (1) zygomatic (2/malar bones) turbinal (2) lacrimal (2) vomer (1) palatine bones (2) |
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What is the vomer bone
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flat thin bone that forms part of the nasal septum
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What is the lacrimal bones
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smallest and most fragile bones of the face located on the inside of the eye sockets
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What are the turbinal bones of the face
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2 spongy bone on either of the outter walls of the nasal depression
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Bones of the neck (2)
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hyoid
cervial vert (1-7) |
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Bones of the chest (thorax)
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elastic bony cage
sternum, ribs, connective cartilage |
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Bones of the shoulder (2)
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clavicle and scapula
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Bones of the arm and hand
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humerus
ulna-bigger bone (pinky side) radius- smaller (thumb side) carpus metacarpus phalanges |
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Define the muscular system
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covers, shapes and supports the skeletal tissue
contracts and moves various parts of the body 40% of body weight approx 600 in the body |
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How many muscles are in the face
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30
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Name the 3 types of muscular tissue
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Striated
non striated cardiac |
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Define a striated muscle
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skeletal or voluntary muscles that are attached to bone that contract moving our body
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Define a nonstriated muscle
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involuntary , visceral or smooth muscles that function automacically
found in circulatoy, digestive and in other internal organs |
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What are the muscles of the scalp
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epicranius-covers the skull in 2 parts
occipitalis frontalis |
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What does the occipitalis do
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draws the scalp backward
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What does the frontalis do
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raises the eyebrows and draws the forward upward
causes wrinkles in the forehead |
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What is the tendon that holds the epicranius
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aponeurosis
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What are the 3 muscles of the ear
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auricularis superior(draws up)
auricularis anterior (forward) auriculars posterior (back) |
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What are the 2 muscles of chewing
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masseter
temporalis |
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What are the two muscles of the neck
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platysma
sternocleidomastoideus |
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What does the platysma do
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responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip
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What does the sternoclydomastoid do
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acts to rotate the head and move it up and down
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What are the 2 muscles of the eyebrow
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corrugator-draws the eyebrows down and wrinkles the forehead vertically
orbicularis oculi-closes the eyes |
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What is the muscle of the nose
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procerus-causes wrinkes along the sides of the nose
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What does the buccinator do
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purses lips
flat muscle of the cheek |
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What does the depressor labii inferioris do
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depresses the lower lip and draws it to the side
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What does the levator anguli oris do
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raises the angle of the mouth and draws it in
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What does the levator labii superioris do
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elevates the upper lip and dialtes the nostrils
tisk tisk |
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What does the mentalis do
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elevates the lower lip and wrinkles the chin
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What is the orbicularis oris
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muscle around the lips
puckers |
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What does the risorius do
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draws the corner of the mouth back in a smile
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What does the triangularis do
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pulls down the corners of the mouth in a frown
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What does the zygomaticus do
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elevates the lip as in laughing
major and minor goes from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth |
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What are the 4 muscles that attach the arms to the body
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latissimus dorsi
pectoralis major/minor serratus anterior trapezius |
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Where is the latissimus dorsi and what does it do
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flat, large triangular muscle that covers the lower back
(attaches to the humerus) controls the shoulder blade and the swinging movements of the arm |
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What does the pectoralis major/minor do and where is it located
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assist in the swinging movements of the arm
muscles of the chest |
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What does the serratus anterior
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muscle of the chest that assist in breathing and in raising the arm
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What is the trapezius muscle for
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shrugges shoulder and stabilizes the scapula
back of the neck and upper region of the back |
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What are the muscles of the arm
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biceps
triceps deltoid |
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What are the tendons of the forearm and what do they do
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extensors: straighten the wrist and hand
flexors: involved in bending the wrist pronators: rotate in supinators: rotate outward |
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Define nucleus
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dense, active protoplasm found in the center of the cell-important part in cell reproduction and metabolism
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Define nucleoplasm
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within the nucleus of the cell-contains DNA and proteins
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What is cytoplasm
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Is all of the protoplasm of the cell except that found in the nucleus-this watery fluid contains the food material necessary for cell growth, reproduction, and self-repair
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Define the cell membrane
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encloses the protoplasm and permits soluble substances to pass in and out
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What % of a mans body is water
womens infants |
60-65%
50-60% 70% |
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Name several body systems
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circulatory, digestive, endocrine, excretory, integumentary, muscular, nervous, reproductive, respiratory, skeletal, lymphatic or immune
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Name several major organs
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brain, eyes, heart, kidneys, lungs, liver, skin, stomach, and intestines
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