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73 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Sciadopitys verticillata phylum: Coniferophyta family: Sciadopitaceae |
-leaves slightly rubbery, 8-15cm long, in whorls of 10-15 |
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Calocedrus decurrens phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae |
-scale-like, shiny dark green leaves, whorled in 4s -seed cones 2-3cm, leathery, pendant |
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Cunninghamia lanceolata phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae |
-leaves 4-6cm, lanceolate and sharp; flat, slightly curved, stiff, bright green and glossy above with prominent midvein |
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Picea engelmannii phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-leaves spreading from all sides of twig, curving upwards to branch-tip; square in cross-section; lines of stomata on all 4 sides |
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Abies grandis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-leaves 20-35mm, shorter on upper side of twig; upper surface shiny dark green, lines of stomata on underside |
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Abies grandis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-cones cylindrical to narrowly ovoid; scales wider than long |
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Abies balsamea phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-leaves 15-25mm with round/notched tip; upper surface shiny dark green, lines of stomata beneath |
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Abies balsamea phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-barrel shaped cones 4-10cm, grayish brown |
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Picea glauca phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-leaves 15-22mm, straight, stiff, pointed, but not sharp; square cross-section; lines of stomata on all four sides |
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Abies lasiocarpa phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-leaves 25-40mm long; tip round or notched; lines of stomata on both sides but more prominent beneath; crowded; curving upwards from sides |
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Abies amabilis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-leaves 20-30mm; notched tip; upper surface dark green, lines of stomata beneath |
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Picea abies phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-leaves 12-24mm, stiff, straight, sharp, more flat than square, dark green on all sides |
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Tsuga mertensiana phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-cones oblong cylindrical 3-8cm; dark purplish-brown; stalkless |
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Tsuga mertensiana phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (mountain hemlock) |
-leaves 20-30mm, equal lengths, round cross-section, needles crowded and radiating all around, esp. on short shoots and upper sides, giving starry appearance |
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Abies procera phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Noble fir) |
-leaves 20-30mm, narrow and thick; sharply defined groove on upper surface; rounded tip; stomata on both surfaces; upper needles pressed against twig near base, curving upwards -11-18cm cylindrical with long-tipped bracts extending past scales, bending backwards |
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Picea sitchensis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-20-30mm leaves; straight, flat, sharp, at right angles to twigs |
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Picea mariana phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (black spruce) |
-leaves 8-15mm, blunt |
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Pseudotsuga menziesii phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Douglas-fir) |
-buds red and pointy up to 10mm |
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Tsuga heterophylla phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Western hemlock) |
-leaves 5-20mm, irregularly spaced and unequal length |
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Spruce needle attachment? Tip? |
woody peg=rough twig when leaves removed; sharp tip |
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Fir needle attachment? Tip? |
"suction cup"=smooth; blunt or notched tip |
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Bud size order? (Picea, Abies, Tsuga, Pseudotsuga) |
Tsuga < Abies < Picea < Pseudotsuga |
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Pinus contorta var. latifolia phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Lodgepole pine) |
-leaves in 2s, 3-7cm; stiff and sharp, strongly twisted, edges sharply toothed |
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Pinus monticola phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (western white pine) |
-leaves in 5s, 5-10cm, fine, minutely toothed |
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Pinus monticola phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (western white pine) |
-cylindrical, 10-30cm, 90-160 thin-tipped scales (larger, wider cones per length than Pinus strobus) |
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Pinus sylvestris phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Scots pine) |
-leaves in 2s, 4-8cm, stiff and sharp, twisted, finely toothed -cones 2.5-7cm, often asymmetrical, conical to ovoid; apophysis raised and 4-sided (with a cross, without a prickle) |
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Pinus strobus phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (eastern white pine) |
-cones slender, 8-20cm, 50-80 thin, rounded scales; narrower than P. monticola |
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Pinus strobus phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae |
-leaves in 5s, 5-15cm, very fine, minutely toothed |
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Larix laricina phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (tamarack) |
-leaves 20-50mm, deciduous -twigs hairless -cones 10-20mm, ovoid light brown on short, curved stalks, scales smooth (everything is small) |
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Pinus lambertiana phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (sugar pine) |
-leaves in 5s, 5-10cm, fine, minutely toothed, often silvery -large seeds - 1cm |
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Cedrus atlantica phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Atlas cedar) |
-leaves 18-26mm, 10-60 per shoot but not deciduous -egg-shaped cones with flat top; scales are wide and deciduous |
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Pinus flexilis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (limber pine) |
-leaves in 5s, 4-9cm, stout and stiff, no teeth -cones cylindrical to narrowly ovoid, 8-20cm; scales thick at top, spoon-shaped; open on tree to release large (1cm) seeds |
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Pinus flexilis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (limber pine) |
-leaves in 5s, 4-9cm, stout and stiff, no teeth-cones cylindrical to narrowly ovoid, 8-20cm; scales thick at top, spoon-shaped; open on tree to release large (1cm) seeds |
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Sequoia sempervirens phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (coast redwood) |
-needle-like leaves 10-20mm long with two lines of stomata |
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Sequoia sempervirens phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (coast redwood) |
-cones globular, 2-3cm; 14-20 peltate scales, hard and leathery, wrinkled on the outside, spreading when mature |
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Pinus albicaulis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (whitebark pine) |
-cones globular to ovoid, 5-8cm with thick, tough, pointed scales, opens only slightly when mature |
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Pinus albicaulis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (whitebark pine) |
-leaves in 5s, 4-9cm long, stout and stiff; no teeth |
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Metasequoia glyptostroboides phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (dawn redwood) |
-leaves ~20mm long on deciduous branchlets; 2-ranked, opposite -cones 20-25mm, dark brown, 20-30 woody scales in opposite pairs = square cone |
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Metasequoia glyptostroboides phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (dawn redwood) |
-leaves ~20mm long on deciduous branchlets; 2-ranked, opposite |
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Taxodium distichum phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (bald-cypress) |
-cones globular and somewhat irregular, 15-35mm, purplish brown with 9-15 scales; four-sided, peltate, thick, and woody (has pneumatophores - lighter wood) -leaves similar to M. glyptostroboides |
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Sequoiadendron giganteum phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (Sierra redwood) |
-leaves scale-like (3-5mm) or awl/lance-shaped (to 12mm) -cones 5-10cm, ovoid, oblong, red brown, 25-40 peltate scales, thick, wrinkled, pitted (like lips) |
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Xanthocyparis nootkatensis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (yellow-cedar) |
-leaves 3-6mm, scale to lance-like, sharp-pointed; smell "catty" when crushed -cones berry-like when young, globular, 8-12mm, with triangular projections |
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Pinus coulteri phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Coulter pine) |
-leaves in 3s, 15-30cm long, rigid -cones very large, 25-35cm, weighing up to 2.3kg with thick scales terminating in large claw |
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Larix occidentalis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (western larch) |
-cones ovoid, 3-5cm, reddish brown, scale tips curving towards cone base when open; bracts extend past scales |
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Ginkgo biloba phylum: Ginkgophyta family: Ginkgoaceae (ginkgo) |
-obdeltoid leaves -twigs smooth with thick obvious thick shoots (3-5 leaves each) -stinky seeds |
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Taxus brevifolia phylum: Coniferophyta family: Taxaceae (Pacific yew) |
-leaves 2-3cm long, flat, with concave lower surface; prominent midvein -seed bluish set in bright-red fleshy aril |
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Larix lyallii phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (subalpine larch) |
-leaves 40-50mm, 30-40 per short shoot, deciduous -twigs very pubescent -cones ovoid, 4-5cm, purplish brown, pubescent scales; tipped bracts longer than scales, both curving towards cone base |
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Pinus banksiana phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Jack pine) |
-leaves in 2s, 2-4cm, stiff and sharp, straight or slightly twisted, spread apart, toothed edges -cones 3-7cm oblong to conical, asymmetrical, straight or curved inwards, no prickle on scale |
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Pinus ponderosa phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Ponderosa pine) |
-cones cylindrical to narrowly ovoid, 7-15cm, shiny reddish brown; scales have sharp prickle |
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Pinus ponderosa phylum: Coniferophyta family: Pinaceae (Ponderosa pine) |
-leaves in 3s, 12-25cm long, straight and sharp, stiff but flexible, toothed edges |
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White/soft pines: -# needles? -fascicle sheath? -cone scales? |
-5 needles -deciduous fascicle sheath -thin scales with umbo at tip |
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Hard pines: -# needles? -fascicle sheath? -cone scales? |
-2 or 3 needles -persistent fascicle sheath -thick scales with umbo in middle |
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Araucaria araucana phylum: Coniferophyta family: Araucariaceae (monkey-puzzle) |
-triangular leaves, 2.5-5cm, stiff and leathery, leaf base clasping stem |
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Thuja plicata phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (western redcedar) |
-scale or lance-like leaves (1-2mm, 4-5mm) in 4 rows along the twig (side leaves are folded), not sharp, closely pressed to stem -cones 12-18mm, ovoid, in loose clusters, upright on short curved stalks; 8-10 cone scales |
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Juniperus communis phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (common juniper) |
-no scale leaves; needles 12-20mm, very sharp, stomata only on top surface -cones berry-like, up to 8mm, very fleshy, bluish-black |
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Juniperus scopulorum phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (Rocky Mountain juniper) |
-needle leaves (5-12mm) on young trees, in 2s or 3s -needle and scale leaves on older trees (1-3mm); greyish green -cones berry-like (up to 8mm), fleshy, bright to dark blue |
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Cryptomeria japonica phylum: Coniferophyta family: Cupressaceae (Japanese-cedar / sugi) |
-leaves 6-12mm; awl-shaped, spirally arranged; diverging from shoot but pointing forward with tips curved inward -cones globular, 12-18mm, 20-30 scales with teeth at tips |
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kingdom: Fungi phylum: Basidomycota |
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kingdom: Fungi phylum: Basidomycota |
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kingdom: Fungi phylum: Basidomycota |
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kingdom: Fungi phylum: Ascomycota growth form: Crustose |
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kingdom: Fungi phylum: Ascomycota growth form: Fruticose genus: Cladonia |
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kingdom: Fungi phylum: Ascomycota growth form: Foliose genus: Peltigera |
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kingdom: Fungi phylum: Ascomycota growth form: Foliose genus: Lobaria |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Marchantiophyta growth form: Thallose |
- some have reproductive structures on elevated stalks - some have gemma cups |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Marchantiophyta growth form: leafy |
- leaves generally one cell thick - three-ranked (sprially arranged) leaves |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Bryophyta growth form: Pleurocarpus |
- lie flat - produce sporophytes on side of stem or on short, specialized branches |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Bryophyta growth form: Acrocarpous |
- stand upright - produce sporophyte from stem/branch tip |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Bryophyta genus: Sphagnum |
- gametophyte has branches in clusters called fascicles - young fascicles are bunched into a capitulum near top of stem |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Pteridophyta family: Polypodiaceae |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Pteridophyta family: Equisataceae |
- stems with or without branches - branches in whorls at stem nodes |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Lycopodiophyta family: Lycopodiaceae |
- strobili are circular (as opposed to 4-sided, like Selaginellaceae) |
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kingdom: Plantae phylum: Lycopodiophyta family: Selaginellaceae |
- strobili are 4-angled |