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79 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
reason we have theories
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to conceptualize on some aspect fo nursing communicated for the purpose of describing , explaining, predicting, and/or prescribing nursing care.
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grand theories
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broad scoped & complex. They require further specification through research.
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middle-range theories
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less abstract, and address specific phenomena or concepts and reflect practice.
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Descriptive theories
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first level of theory development. they describe phonomena, speculate on why phenomena occur, and describe consequences of phenomena. Do not direct nursing activities, but may help to explain client assesment.
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Prescriptive theories
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address nursing interventions and predict the consequence of a specific nursing intervention. Guide & nursing research to develop & test specific nursing interventions.
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Peplau
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develop interaction between nurse and client
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Henderson
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assist client in gaining independence asap & regain strength
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Abdellah
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to provide service to indiviual, family & society by being kind, caring, intellegent, competent, & technically prepared
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Rogers
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maintain & promote health, prevent illness
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Orem
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help client attain total self care.
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King
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use communication to help reestablish positive adaptation to environment
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Neuman
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assist individuals, families, and groups in attaining and maintaining maximal level of total wellness by purposeful interventions
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Leininger
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provide care w/ nursings emerging sciences
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Roy
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ID types of demands placed on client, assess adaptation to demands, and help client adapt
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Watson
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Promote health restore client to health and prevent illness
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Brunner & Wrubel
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focus on clients need for caring as a means of coping with stressors of illness
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Nightengale
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to facilitate the body's reparative process by manipulating clients environment.
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Virulence
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ability to produce disease
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Vehicle
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mode of transmission via an object
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sanguineous
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containing red blood cells
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purulent
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containing WBCs and bacteria
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serous
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clear
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50-70%
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normal neutrophil adult value
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Lymphocytes
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20-40%
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Monocytes
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2-8%
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1-4% and .5 - 1%
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Eosinophil and Basophil normal adult count
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5000-10000 mm^3
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WBC normal count adult
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medical asepsis
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clean technique: hand washing, using gloves, & cleaning environment.
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disinfection
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elimination of many or all microorganisms with exception of spores
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sterilization
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complete elimination of microbes & spores via steam pressure, ETO gas, hydrogen peroxide plasma & chemicals
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effleurage
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a massage associtated with a reduction in heart rate & respiratory rate.
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Stomatitis
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mouth infection
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How to shave a patient
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pull skin taught, use firm short strokes in direction of hair growth.
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transduction
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begins in periphery when a pain producing stimulus sends an inpulse across a pain nerve energy is converted to electrical energy
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nociceptor
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nerve fiber
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transmission
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transfer of electrical energy to brain
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analgesics
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most common method of pain relief, fear of addiction when used. 3 types nonsteroidal anti inflammatory (NSAIDS), opioids (narcotics), adjuvants.
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adjuvants
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drugs with alagesic properties that were not originally developed to relieve pain.
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regional anesthesia
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recieved through an injection.
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Local anesthesia
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used in breif surgical procedures ie, stitches.
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yin and yang
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opposing yet completmentary phenomena that exist in a state of equilibrium.
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5th vital sign
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pain
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Qi
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vital energy of the human body
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meridians
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how energy runs through body
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status epilepticus
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continuous seizures
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crutches
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have to be fitted perfectly to avoid pinching of nerves
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strong side
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which side cane goes on.
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body mechanics
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knowledge of actions of various muscle groups, knowing the factors involved in coordination of body movement & familiarity w/ fucntion of skeletal, muscular, and nervous system.
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ADLs
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activities of daily living
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body alignment
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relationship of one body part to another body part along a horizontal or vertical line.
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Center of gravity
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balance over a wide, stable base of support and a vertical line falls from the center of gravity through the base of support.
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Isotonic contraction
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cause muscle contraction & change in muscle length
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Isometric contraction
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tightening of muscles w/out movement
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Antagonistic muscles
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bring movement at the joint
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synergistic muscles
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contract to accomplish the same movement
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antigravity muscles
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involved with joint stabilization
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proprioception
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awareness of the position of body & its parts
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hemiplegia
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paralysis on one side of the body
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purpose of nclex
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to determine competency level
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board of nursing purpose
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to protect client
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national league of nursing NLN
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concerned with improvement of nursing education
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sterile
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What type of environment does intramuscular injection require?
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blood and fecal matter
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how is hepatitis A spread
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gating mechanism for pain
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closing the gate is basis for pain management via physiology, emotional and cognitive processes
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histamines
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relased during pain response
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neuropathy
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loss of feeling
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brush hair
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release oil in hair
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to give oral care to semi consious client
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sideline patient
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accupuncture is on principles of
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pressure point & meridians
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left side paralysis uses cane on
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right side
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sincopy
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fainting
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visceral pain
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internal, pertaining to organs
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how to clean stomatitis
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use saline
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chinese medicine
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yin yang
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basic precautions (standard procedures)
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Gloves, masks, eye protection, face sheilds, hand hygene.
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epidemiology
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cause and effect
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5 steps of nursing process
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asses
diagnose plan implement evaluate |
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nursing care plan
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used to communicate individualized patient care
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long term care
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Resident Bill of rights is for
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