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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is isotonic fluid? |
ISO= equal Tonic = concentration of the solution Isotonic = equal concentration of solution on inside and outside of cell |
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What is an example of isotonic fluid? |
0.9% normal saline 5% dextrose in water Lactated ringers |
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When/why are isotonic fluids used? |
To increase the extracellular fluid volume because they have lost ECF either through blood loss or dehydration |
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What does the ECF comprise of? |
intravascular, interstitial, plasma and CSF |
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What is the main electrolyte of the ECF? |
Sodium and chloride |
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What is the main electrolyte for ICF? |
Potassium |
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What does ICF comprise of? |
All fluid inside the body cells |
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What is hypotonic fluid? |
Hypo = low Tonic = concentration of solutions Hypotonic = lower concentration of solution on the outside of the cell compared to the inside of the cell (intercellular concentration higher than extracellular) |
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When/why might you use hypotonic solution? |
When the cells become dehydrated e.g. diabetic patient with hyperglycaemia |
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Who would you NOT give hypotonic solution to? |
Patient with increased ICP (causes more brain swelling) or a patient with abnormal fluid shifts (e.g. burns or trauma) |
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What is hypertonic solution? |
Hyper = high Tonic = concentration of solution Hypertonic = higher concentration of solution outside the cell compared to inside of the cell (concentration of ECF is higher than ICF) |
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When would you use hypertonic solution? |
In a patient with hyponatremia or to decrease cerebral oedema |
