Fire Hose

Front 1

What is a fire hose?

Back 1

A type of flexible tube used by FF to carry water under pressure from the source of supply to a point where it is discharged

Front 2

Hoses first came from ___ ____ in Ancient Greece

Back 2

Ox intestines

Front 3

Pre fire hose, water was moved by ..

Back 3

Passing leather buckets down a line of FF or anyone else that could help

Front 4

The first flexible hose was a..

Back 4

Leather hose

Sewn 1672

Riveted in 1808

Front 5

Which hose was woven from flax, susceptible to mildew and decay

Back 5

Canvas hose

Front 6

This type of type of hose was lined with rubber

Back 6

Cotton jacket 1870

Front 7

This type of hose was lined with rubber or type of polymer GFD

Back 7

Synthetic jacket

Front 8

What does hose size refer to?

Back 8

Dimensions on the inside diameter of the hose

Front 9

Hose are cut into ___ and ____ lengths

Back 9

50ft,100ft

They are coupled together to produce a continuous line

Front 10

They are cut into lengths for convenience of handling and easy ____ , referred to as ____

Back 10

Replacement, sections

Front 11

What is the size of a rubber covered rubber lined hose (booster)?

Back 11

1”

Front 12

What size is a hard suction hose?

Back 12

4.5 and 6”

Front 13

What size is a double jacketed rubber lined hose ?

Back 13

1.75, 2.5,4,5, 7.25

Front 14

What size is an attack hose?

Back 14

1.75,2.5

Front 15

What size is a supply hose?

Back 15

4 or 5” (7.25 for foam task force)

Front 16

What hose would you use when water source is nearby?

Back 16

Intake Hose

Front 17

Woven jackets can be

Back 17

Single jackets -standpipes

Double jackets- GFD

Front 18

Rubber covered can be

Back 18

Rubber lined, fabric reinforced and used as a booster line

Front 19

What hose is non-collapsible, rubber covered, rubber lined fabric and wire reinforced?

Back 19

Wrapped hose

Front 20

A type of wrapped hose, ___ ___ prevents collapse

Back 20

Helix wire

Front 21

This type of hose is non-collapsible

Back 21

Corrugated plastic

Front 22

A hose that is 1 3/4”(50ft)

Back 22

6.25 gallons, weighs 23lbs

Front 23

A hose that is 2 1/2” (50ft)

Back 23

12.75 gallons, weighs 37lbs

Front 24

A hose that is 4”(100ft)

Back 24

65.28 gallons, weighs 76lbs

Front 25

A hose that is 5”(100ft)

Back 25

102 gallons, weighs 110lbs

Front 26

Which NFPA sets the standard on fire hoses?

Back 26

NFPA 1961

Front 27

Which NFPA set the standard on fire hose connections?

Back 27

NFPA 1963

Front 28

Which NFPA set standards for automotive fire apparatus?

Back 28

NFPA 1901

Front 29

NFPA 1901 states

Back 29

15 ft of large, soft intake hose or 20 ft of hard intake hose

Front 30

NFPA cont..

Back 30

800 ft 2.5” or larger fire hose and 400 ft of 1.5, 1.75, or 2” attack hose

Front 31

Life of hose depends on

Back 31

Quality of materials

Treatment at fire scenes

Treatment at station

Pressure it’s subjected to

Front 32

Intake hose

- Used for drafting

- 4 1⁄2” or 6”

-used by a static water source

Back 32

Hard suction

Front 33

Some common mechanical injuries areworn places, rips and abrasions on the coverings, crushed or damaged couplings, andcracked inner linings. To prevent this:

- Avoid laying or pulling hose over rough, sharp edges or objects.

- Use hose ramps or bridges to protect hose from vehicles running over it.

Back 33

Methods of Preventing Mechanical Injuries

Front 34

The exposure of hose to excessive heatcan char, melt or weaken the fabric covering and dry the rubber lining. A similar effectcan occur to inner linings when hose is hung to dry for longer than necessary or when itis dried in intense sunlight.

- Protect hose from excessive exposure to heat or fire when possible.

- Prevent hose from coming in contact with or being in close proximity to vehicleexhaust.

- Use hose bed covers on apparatus to shield the hose from the sun.

Back 34

Methods of Preventing Thermal Damage

Front 35

GFD requires hose to be removed from the apparatus annually and reloaded withdifferent bends to avoid causing the linings to crack.

Back 35

Methods of Preventing Organic Damage

Front 36

Chemical Damage can cause the liningand jacket to separate. When hose is exposed to petroleum products, paints, acids, oralkalis, it may weaken to the point of bursting. Runoff water from a fire may also carryforeign materials that can damage hose. To prevent this:

- Scrub hose thoroughly and brush all traces of acid contacts with a solution of bakingsoda and water.

- Test hose properly if there is the least suspicion of damage.

Back 36

Methods of Preventing Chemical Damage

Front 37

The methods used to clean hose depend on the typeof hose construction. If cared for properly, it can extend the life of a hose.

- Rubber-covered hoses can simply be rinsed.

- Woven jacketed hose needs to be Rinse for mild dirt. It may need to have dirt brushed from it or scrubbed ifbrushing won’t remove what’s necessary. Then rinse. and If exposed to oil, wash with a mild soap or detergent, then rinse once all oil isgone.

Back 37

General Cleaning of Fire Hose

Front 38

whats Made from durable materials and designed so that it is possible to couple anduncouple them with little effort in a short time. (NFPA 1963 - Standard for Fire HoseConnections)

Back 38

Couplings

Front 39

generally made of alloys of varied percentages of brass, aluminum, ormagnesium are considered coupling ___

Back 39

Materials

Front 40

Threaded Couplings name two

Back 40

- 3-piece coupling:

- 5-piece coupling:

Front 41

Name 4 types of Couplings that are made with lugs to aid in tightening, loosening, and grasping the hose.

Back 41

- Pin – Older couplings

- Recessed – Booster lines

- Extended – Large Intake

- Rocker – Most Common

Front 42

What is a special type of thread design in which the beginning of the thread is“cut” to provide a positive connection between the first threads of opposing couplings,which tends to eliminate cross-threading.

Back 42

Higbee Cut

Front 43

what is a notch or groove cut into only one of the rocker lugs on boththe male and female parts of a coupling, allowing the Highbee Cut to be utilizedeasily by touch and/or sight.

Back 43

Higbee Cut Indicator

Front 44

- Sometimes referred to as sexless couplings.

- Both couplings are identical.

- No distinct male or female components.

Back 44

Storz Couplings

Front 45

- Only require 1/4 of a turn to lock or unlock them.

- Typically on large diameter hose also referred to as LDH.

- Have lugs and slots built into the swivel rings of each coupling for locking.

- Must have locking devices on them if attached to large-diameter hose.

Back 45

Storz Couplings

Front 46

Rules for the Care of Fire Hose Couplings

Back 46

- Avoid dropping and/or dragging couplings.

- Do not permit vehicles to run over fire hose

- Examine couplings when hose is being cleaned - Clean threads to remove tar, dirt, gravel and oil - Inspect gasket, and replace if cracked or creased

Front 47

All couplings and connections in the GFD have National Standard Threads

- NOTE: ___% of all fire departments use above threads. Kernersville uses acombination of National Standard and pipe threads. Winston-Salem uses pipethreads. NFPA appointed a committee to standardize coupling threads in 1905. Stillthere are over ___ different threads in U.S.

Back 47

- 60%

- 2000

Front 48

1” Booster Line couplings have

Back 48

8 threads per inch

Front 49

1 1⁄2 ” Attack line couplings have

Back 49

9 threads per inch

Front 50

2 1⁄2 ” Attack line couplings

Back 50

7 1⁄2 threads per inch

Front 51

Removable gasket found in the female coupling.

Back 51

Swivel Gasket

Front 52

Used to prevent leaking where the hose is joined to the coupling with an expansionring.

Back 52

Expansion Ring Gasket

Front 53

Any appliance in a hose line through which water passes.

Back 53

FIRE HOSE APPLIANCES

Front 54

This devise enables one to dividea hose line into two or more hose lines. It will haveone female and two male connections. Examples: 4"reduced to 2 1/2", and 2 1/2" reduced to 1 1/2". Mayalso have quarter turn ball valves.

Back 54

Wye connections

Front 55

This device brings two or more lines into one hose line or device;(has one male end and two or more female ends). Siameseconnections can be purchased with or without clapper valves butis advisable to specify them.

Back 55

Siamese connections

Front 56

This device is a variation of the wye and it’s intended to be used in a 2 1/2"hose line. It allows the use of either 1 1/2" or 2 1/2" hose lines off the same layout. Eachoutlet has a quarter turn ball valve.

Back 56

Water thief

Front 57

- Double ___ adapter

- Double ___ adapter

Back 57

- male

- female

Front 58

these range in sizes of 2 1⁄2 " to 1 1⁄2 ", 4" to 2 1⁄2 "and are used in special type pump connections.

Back 58

Reducers

Front 59

Allows use of National Standard Threads (used by GFD) on anyother non standard threaded device. Sometimes mutual aid responses are hampered byother cities use of non-standard threads.

Back 59

Universal Thread Adapter

Front 60

Provide support for intake or discharge hose at the pumping apparatus.

Back 60

Elbows

Front 61

Protect the threads on pump male discharge outlets.

Back 61

Hose Caps

Front 62

Protect the female inlets on some fire department connections.

Back 62

Hose Plugs

Front 63

Devices attached to the drafting end of a hard intake (suction) to keepdebris from entering the fire pump.

Back 63

Intake Strainers

Front 64

4 Types of Valves

Back 64

- Clapper

- Ball

- Butterfly

- Gate

Front 65

Name 5 FIRE HOSE TOOLS AND ACCESSORIES

Back 65

- Hose clamp

- Spanners wrenches

- Hydrant wrenches

- Fire hose bridges

- Rope, strap or chain hose tools

Front 66

This tool is used to shut off the water in hose lines when other control valves are not applicable. It can also be used to replace a burst section of hose, to extend lines, or to hold water back from the source of supply until the pump operator can utilize it. Place 20’ behind pumper or 5’ behind coupling on supply side.- Note: When replacing a burst section of hose, always replace with two sections.

Back 66

Hose clamp

Front 67

The principal use is to tighten or loosencouplings but it can also be used to close utility valves, pry or as a hammer.

Back 67

Spanners wrenches

Front 68

usually equipped with a pentagon opening in its head which will fit moststandard fire hydrant operating nuts. The lever handle is threaded into the operating head tomake it adjustable.

Back 68

Hydrant wrenches

Front 69

1 set in GFD, stored on Air 1

Back 69

Fire hose bridges

Front 70

These tools are useful in hose line operations inconnection with ladders, fire escapes, stairways and hoisting. Primarily used formaneuvering and securing hose lines.

Back 70

Rope, strap or chain hose tools

Front 71

name 3 Hose rolls

Back 71

- Straight roll

- Donut Roll (1 person)

- Donut roll (2 person)

Front 72

roll that Start with the male end

Back 72

Straight roll

Front 73

Method

- Lay hose flat in straight line

- Fold male coupling over the hose to a point 5 or 6 feet from the female coupling

- Start rolling. (Other person pull slack out of top fold.)

Advantages

- Both ends are on outside of roll.

- Hose may be quickly unrolled and placed in service.

- Less likely to kink.

Back 73

Donut roll (2 person)

Front 74

Method

- Grasp either coupling and carry to other end.

- At the bend facing the couplings start the roll about 2 1/2’ from the bend and rolltowards the male coupling

Back 74

Donut Roll (1 person)

Front 75

- Using spanner wrenches (2 wrenches)

- One man using knee press - male end on the ground

- Stiff arm (2person)

Back 75

Methods for breaking tight coupling connections

Front 76

Loading of hose is a very vital operation that must be done correctly so that at time of anemergency, hose operations can be carried out efficiently

- Keep flat sides of hose aligned

- Coupling should be hand tight

- Keep inside bends of hose folded smoothly in hose compartments.

Back 76

Methods for loading fire hose in hose bed

Front 77

Consists of folding the hose back and forth on its flat sides & lengthwise in hose compartment

Back 77

Flat load

Front 78

A flat load may be started..

Back 78

On either side in a single hose bed

Front 79

In Which supply hose load would you lay the first length against the partition with the coupling hanging appropriate distance from hose bed?

Back 79

Split hose bed

Front 80

On _____, all couplings are places the the _____ of hose bed. Golds should be offset at the ____

Back 80

LDH, front, rear

Front 81

A short fold placed in the hose to change the location of a coupling/change direction of the hose

Back 81

Dutchman

Front 82

A 3rd type of supply hose is an..

Back 82

Accordion load

Front 83

A pre-connected hose load that has more options due to load being carried on shoulder

Back 83

Minuteman Load

Front 84

Methods for replacing a section of hose

Back 84

1.Closing a valve (pump/hydrant) is the safest way or

2. Apply hose clamp

3. Replace section with 3 sections

4. If burst section is on ladder/other vertical position, Lowe try ground and replace

5. Mark burst section for repair

Front 85

Hose will stretch when pressure applied. GFD specs say no more than ___ per ___ section. Average is usually ______.

Back 85

8, 100, 2-3

Front 86

To get the best flow, open competently and slowly for

Back 86

Diameter hose

Front 87

Number of turns varies and it usually takes ___-___ turns to open completely

Back 87

15-20

Front 88

Resulting change in the direction of energy and it’s multiplication when the flow of water is suddenly stopped

Back 88

Water hammer

Front 89

Hydrants in Greensboro open in ..

Back 89

Counter clockwise direction

Front 90

Driver pulls apparatus close to curb and comes to a complete stop.

- Hydrant catcher (Captain will notify) steps to ground as he removes a supply of hoseto the ground. Grabs hose, hydrant wrench & gate valve.

- Hydrant catcher approaches hydrant with hose and wrench

- Snub hose around hydrant. Hose is looped completely around hydrant and foot isplaced just below coupling.

- Signal driver to lay hose.

- Place wrench on operating nut while making hydrant connection.

- Remove hydrant caps

- Connect hose and gate valve to their respective ports

- Turn on hydrant SLOWLY (Use appropriate hand signals requesting water)

- Walk hose to remove all kinks

Back 90

Catching a Hydrant

Front 91

- Apparatus stops at hydrant

- One man attaches hose to hydrant

- Driver proceeds to fire

- Engineer pulls off needed hose, attaches to the intake and calls for water

Back 91

Procedure for the forward lay from hydrant to fire

Front 92

- After apparatus reaches fire, firefighter pulls off preconnected lines and advances to fire.

- Driver may charge 1 3/4" hose lines using water from booster tank

- Driver connects feeder line (4") from hydrant into pump suction and makes necessarychangeover from booster tank supply to hydrant feeder line.

Back 92

Procedure for using 1 3/4" preconnected hose line with the forward lay

Front 93

- Apparatus stops at fire

- Firefighter pulls off necessary hose, nozzles and equipment

- Driver lays hose to hydrant

- Driver connects pump to hydrant, hose to pump and obtains proper fire stream pressure.

Back 93

Procedure for the reverse lay- from fire to hydrant procedure for using 4" hose

Front 94

- Always make connections one floor below fire floor.

- Denver pack

Back 94

Standpipe procedures

Front 95

- Nozzle Man

- Back-up Man

- Slack Man

Back 95

Members of a hose team

Front 96

- New hose - ___ psi for 5 minutes in 100’ lengths

- Used hose - ___ psi for 3 minutes in 300’ lengths

- Tested annually and after repair

Back 96

- 600 psi

- 300 psi

Front 97

GFD Specs 300 service test, 600 proof test, and ___ burst test.

Back 97

900

Front 98

- Remove air

- Raise pressure slowly to required test pressure - Observe hose for defects

- Hold pressure for at least three minutes

Back 98

TESTING FIRE HOSE Procedure

Front 99

to have a case history of a section of hose.

Back 99

HOSE INSPECTION RECORDS

Front 100

Hose number

Size hose

Kind

Date of purchase

Manufacturer

Brand

Cost

Vendor

Date of test or used

Pounds test to

Location used

Amount time used

Warranty

Date put in service

Back 100

Each section should be numbered and a record kept with the following information

Front 101

HOSE COMPARTMENT (NFPA ___ ) Hose Storage, Fire Hose & Nozzles

Back 101

NFPA 1901

Front 102

Hose bed area, compartments, reels that comply with section 13-10 shall accommodate

Back 102

A minimum hose storage area of 30ft 3 for 2.5” or larger fire hose

2 areas, a minimum of 3.5ft 3 to accommodate 1.5” or larger hose

Front 103

The following fire hose shall be carried on GFD apparatus

Back 103

1250 ft of 4 or 5” supply hose

850 ft of 2.5” attack line

800 ft of 1.75 or 1.88 attack line

Front 104

Fire hose nozzle

Back 104

Gives shape, adds velocity

Front 105

Types of nozzle...

Back 105

Adjustable pattern fog steam i.e. elkhart, Akron turbojet

Master stream fog nozzle i.e. Akron Apollo fog tip

Master stream solid stream

Handline solid stream

Front 106

Special purpose nozzle deliver a broken stream to include:

Back 106

Water curtain

Cellar nozzle

Piercing nozzle

JS 10 nozzle foam

Front 107

Fire stream

Back 107

A stream of water from a fire hose after it leaves the nozzle and until it reaches the desired point of fire in proper configuration

Front 108

A fire stream passing through space is influenced by

Back 108

Forces of nature such as Gravity, wind, friction of air

Front 109

The condition of the fire stream as it leaves the nozzle is influenced by

Back 109

Operating pressures, nozzle design,Nozzle adjustment and nozzle orifice

Front 110

Fire stream application can be

Back 110

Direct attack

Indirect attack

Combination attack

Front 111

What is the composition of water?

Back 111

Water is a compound of hydrogen and oxygen, produced by combining 2 parts hydrogen 1 part oxygen by volume hence H2O

Front 112

Water Has the ability to absorb large amounts of ____and is the best of all ____ _____.

Back 112

Heat, extinguishing materials

Front 113

(Natural laws affecting use of water as an extinguishing agent)

Heat tends to flow from a hot substance to a cold substance

Back 113

The law of heat flow

Front 114

A measure of the heat absorbing capacity of a substance

Back 114

The law of specific heat

Front 115

Quantity of heat absorbed by a substance when it changes from liquid to vapor.

Back 115

Latent heat of vaporization

Front 116

____ BTU ‘s Are required to evaporate 1 pound of water at ___degrees Fahrenheit

Back 116

970, 212

Front 117

What is a BTU?

Back 117

Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 pound of water 1°F

Front 118

What is a calorie?

Back 118

Amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water 1°C

Front 119

When water changes into steam it expands approximately ——times it’s volume

Back 119

1700

Front 120

When one cubic foot of water (7.5) is converted into steam it expands to _____ cubic feet of space

Back 120

1700

Front 121

Water is a fire fighting agent…

Back 121

Readily available and relatively inexpensive

Has a greater heat absorbing capacity than most other common extinguishing agent

Can be applied in a variety of ways

Front 122

Disadvantages of water..

Back 122

Surface tension – prevents penetration

Reactivity – water reactive materials

Freezing temperatures – fall hazard freeze protection required

Low viscosity -does not stick to materials

electrical conductor buddy – can be electrically conductive

Front 123

A stream that is produced from a fixed orifice smooth bore nozzle is a

Back 123

Solid stream

Front 124

Advantages of solid streams

Back 124

Greater reach penetration than other types of strains

Less likely to disturb normal thermal layering of heat and gases

Less expensive less maintenance

Less prone to clogging

Can be used to apply foam

Reduce steam burns to firefighters

Front 125

Disadvantages of solid stream

Back 125

Less heat absorption per gallon delivered

Front 126

Solid streams tip size determines ____ and nozzle pressure ____

Back 126

Gpm, 50 psi

Front 127

A fire stream that has been broken into coarsely divided drops

Back 127

Broken streams

Front 128

Advantages of broken stream

Back 128

Fighting fires in basements through floors, attic fires through ceilings or when fighting fires and partitions

Front 129

Broken stream means of production

Back 129

Special nozzles such as water curtain nozzle and rotary distributor nozzle

Front 130

A patterned stream composed of water droplets

Back 130

Fog stream

Front 131

Advantages of fog streams..

Back 131

Hydraulic ventilation

Exposure protection

May be used in close proximity of Energized electrical equipment with a reduced chance of electrocution

Vapor dissipation

Front 132

Disadvantages of fog streams

Back 132

Do not have to reach in penetration power of solid streams

More susceptible to wind current

When improperly used during interior attacks can spread fire create heat inversion and cause steam burns to firefighters

Front 133

The flow capacity of a fog stream has a nozzle pressure of ____ and nozzle design

Back 133

50 or 100psi

Front 134

The reach of a fire stream is affected by

Back 134

Gravity, water velocity, Fire stream pattern, water droplet friction with air, wind

Front 135

A Small stream can discharge

Back 135

39 gpm or less

Front 136

A hand stream can discharge

Back 136

40 to 349 gpm

Front 137

A master stream can discharge

Back 137

350 gpms or more

Front 138

(Methods by which foam controls the hazards)

Prevent air and flammable vapors from combining

Back 138

Smothering

Front 139

Intervening between the fuel and the fire

Back 139

Separation

Front 140

Lowering the temperature of the fuel and adjacent surfaces

Back 140

Cooling

Front 141

Lowers the surface tension of water and allows it to penetrate deep seated fires

Back 141

Penetrating

Front 142

The application techniques of foam are

Back 142

Roll on method, bank down method, rain down method, never plunge foam

Front 143

Foam concentrate + water and air +mechanical agitation =

Back 143

Finished foam- foam tetrahedron

Front 144

The Raw liquid as it sits in a storage container

Back 144

Foam concentrate

Front 145

The device that injects the correct amount of concentrated into the water stream to make foam solution

Back 145

Foam proportioner

Front 146

The mixture of foam concentrate and water that is discharged from the proportioner and passed through the hoseline

Back 146

Foam solution

Front 147

The completed product after the foam solution reaches the nozzle and air is introduced into the stream

Back 147

Finished foam

Front 148

Checklist if eductor fails to operate

Back 148

1. Partially closed nozzle

2. By – pass valve open

3. Improperly cleaned equipment clogged with foam

4. Hose lay to long

5. Metering valve improperly set

6. Nozzle elevated too far above eductor

7. Kink in hoseline

Front 149

Fossil fuels ex gasoline, diesel, kerosene, aviation

Back 149

Hydrocarbon fuels

Front 150

Hydrocarbon fuels require foam application rates at ___ for blanketing/extinguishment. Anything above ___ is a waste

Back 150

1% for both

Front 151

Polar refers to the molecular structure of this substance. Many of the fuels that fall into this category contain alcohol. Examples include acetone, keystone

Back 151

Polar solvent fuel

Front 152

Polar solvent requires a higher application rate ___ because they tend to attack and destroy the foam blanket

Back 152

3%

Front 153

(Types of proportioners)

In-Line eductors

Back 153

Portable

Front 154

Around the pump : uses pick up line from the discharge side of pump

Back 154

Apparatus mounted

Front 155

Foam nozzles can be

Back 155

Smooth bore

Fog nozzle

Air aspirating foam nozzles js 10