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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Primary function of leukocytes (WBC's):
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to neutralize or destroy pathogens.
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Primary function of thrombocytes (platelets)
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their function is essential to coagulation and are the first cells on the scene when an injury occurs.
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Identify the substance in RBC's that enables them to carry oxygen.
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hemaglobin
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Identify the mineral that enables hemoglobin to bind with oxygen.
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iron
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List the 5 types of WBC's.
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1. Neutrophils
2. Eosinophils 3. Basophils 4. Monocytes 5. Lymphocytes |
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Basic function of neutrophils:
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Neutrophils destroy pathogens by phagocytosis (engulfs)
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2 basic functions of eosinophils:
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Eosinophils
1. ingest and detoxify foreign protein; 2. help regulate immune reactions; |
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Basic function of basophils:
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Basophils participate in the inflammatory response which is part of the immune response
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Basic function of monocytes:
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Monocytes destroy pathogens by phagocytosis;
first line of defense in the inflammatory process |
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Basic function of lymphocytes
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T lymphocytes diectly attack infected cells;
B lymphocytes produce antibodies that kill foreign organisms, like bacteria and virus. |
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Define antigen
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Antigen is any substance that causes the body to produce antibodies.
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Define antibody
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A specific kind of protein, produced by B-lymphocytes, in response to their contact with an antigen.
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Explain what is meant by a person's "blood type".
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Blood type is determined by the presence or absence of antigens on the surface of the red blood cells.
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When do the ABO antibodies appear in a person's blood?
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Shortly after birth
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In what situation does HDN (hemolytic disease of the newborn) occur?
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When an Rh- woman carries an Rh+ fetus. Can not happen if the woman is Rh+.
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State the purpose of a crossmatch
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To prevent adverse reactions during a blood transfusion, such as agglutination (clumping of RBC's) or hemolysis (ruptured RBC's).
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Explain the meaning of the term whole blood.
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Blood in the same form as it is in the bloodstream or
Blood collected in tube with an anticoagulant |
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Define the term serum.
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The fluid portion of clotted blood.
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Define the term plasma
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The top liquid layer of centrifuged whole blood with an anticoagulant
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How does plasma differ from serum?
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Serum comes from clotted blood and does not have fibrinogen.
Plasma comes from whole blood and has fibrinogen. |
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Hemostasis
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The arrest, or stoppage, of bleeding.
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List the 4 stages of hemostasis.
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Stage 1. Vasoconstriction
Stage 2. Platelet plug formation Stage 3. Fibrin clot formation Stage 4. Fibrinolysis |
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Give a short description of each of the 4 stages of hemostasis.
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1. Vasoconstriction - The blood vessel constricts at the site of injury
2. Platelet plug formation - Platelets form a primary plug at the site 3. Fibrin clot formation - Blood clots at the site by combining RBC's and fibrin threads 4. Fibrinolysis - Fibrin degradation starts to dissolve the clot |
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Identify the first 3 coagulation tests on the Kaiser lab requisition.
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1. Prothrombin Time INR (PT)
2. Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) 3. Fibrinogen |
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Name 4 functions of the lymphatic system.
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1. Returns tissue fluid to the bloodstream.
2. Protects the body by removing microorganisms and impurities 3. Processes lymphocytes 4. Delivers fats absorbed from the small intestine to the bloodstream |
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List the 4 structures of the lymphatic system.
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1. lymph fluid
2. lymphatic vessels 3. ducts 4. nodes |
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Explain how the removal of lymph nodes from an area of the body can affect the body.
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Their removal can impair lymph drainage and interfere with the destruction of bacteria and foreign matter. Therefore, it can compromise blood test results.
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