Eye Assessment

Front 1

How to test central vision

Back 1

the ability to see small details (read printed material)

Front 2

How to test distant vision

Back 2

Snellen chart, test without corrective lenses first, have patient sit or stand 20 feet away from chart, and have patient read all the letters beginning at any line with both eyes open, then read line with each eye separately (avoid applying pressure to eye when covering it up) note the smallest line patient is able to read all letters correct and record visual acuity. if unable to read use E chart where patient tells which way letter is pointing

Front 3

How to test near vision

Back 3

asking patient to read a handheld card containing a vision screening chart. Patient holds card 12 1/2 to 14 inches from the eyes and reads the smallest line possible

Front 4

How many small muscles guide the extraocular movements of each eye, what nerves affect it, and what are they called

Back 4

six

Inferior oblique (CN II)

superior rectus (CN II)

lateral rectus (CN VI)

inferior rectus (CN III)

Superior oblique (CN IV)

Medial rectus (CN III)

Front 5

How to assess extraocular movements

Back 5

Patient sits or stands and the nurse faces the patient 2 feet away. The nurse holds a finger at a comfortable distance from the patient's eyes. While the patient maintains his or her head in a fixed position facing forward, the nurse directs him or her to follow with the eyes only as the nurse's finger moves to the right. left. and diagonally up and down to the left and right.

Front 6

Nystagmus

Back 6

an involuntary, rhythmical oscillation of the eyes, occurs as a result of local injury to eye muscles and supporting structures or a disorder of the cranial nerves innervating the muscles

Front 7

How to assess visual fields

Back 7

have patient look straight ahead, stand or sit 2 feet away at eye level. The patient closes or covers one eye and looks at your eye directly opposite. You close your opposite eye. Then move a finger equidistant between you and the patient outside the field of vision and slowly bring it back into the visual field. The patient reports when he or she is able to see the finger. if you see the finger before the patient does a portion of the patient's visual field is reduced

Front 8

exopththalmos and what does it indicate

Back 8

bulging eyes

hyperthyroidism

Front 9

strabismus and indication

Back 9

crossed eyes

neuromuscular injury or inherited abnormalities

Front 10

what causes abnormal eye protrusion

Back 10

tumors or inflammation of the orbit

Front 11

what assessment about eyebrows can reveal hypothyroidism

Back 11

coarseness of hair and failure to extend beyond the temporal canthus

Front 12

Aging causes loss of what part of the eyebrow

Back 12

lateral third

Front 13

inability to move the eyebrows indicate what

Back 13

facial nerve paralysis (CN VII)

Front 14

ptosis and caused by what

Back 14

abnormal drooping of the lid over the pupil caused by edema or impairment of the third cranial nerve

Front 15

In an older adult ptosis results from what

Back 15

loss of elasticity that accompanies old age

Front 16

Enctropion sometimes leads to the lashes of the lid irritating the what and what increasing what

Back 16

conjunctive and cornea, increasing the risk of infection

Front 17

upper lid edema and erythema indicate what

Back 17

edema indicates allergies or heart or kidney failure

redness inflammation or infection

Front 18

Failure to close lids result in what and is common with what type of patients

Back 18

cornea drying common in unconscious or those with facial nerve paralysis

Front 19

How often does someone blink normallly

Back 19

up to 20 times per minute

Front 20

Lacrimal gland should be palpated for what because sometimes the site of what

Back 20

edema and redness

site of tumors or infection

Front 21

Sclerae become pigmented and appear what if liver disease is present

Back 21

yellow or green

Front 22

Conjuctivitis

Back 22

The presence of redness indicates an allergic or infection

high contagious can be spread through the crusty drainage that collects on eyelid margins from one eye to the other.

Front 23

Arcus senilis

Back 23

a thin white ring along the margin of the iris is common with aging but abnormal in anyone under age 40

Front 24

cloudy pupils indicate what

Back 24

cataracts

Front 25

dilated pupils result from what

Back 25

glaucoma, trauma, neurological disorders, eye medications, or withdrawal from opioids.

Front 26

Constricted pupils result from what

Back 26

inflammation of the iris or use of drugs (morphine, cocaine, pilocarpine)

Front 27

pinpoint pupils are a sign of what

Back 27

opiod intoxication

Front 28

Shining a beam of light through the pupil and onto the retina stimulates what nerve causing the muscles of the irsi to what

Back 28

third cranial nerve to constrict

Front 29

internal eye structures patients in greatest need of an examination are those with what and who can do this test

Back 29

diabetes, hypertension and intracranial disorders

advanced nurse practitioners