Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Consequence of the antrhopocene |
we are fundamentally altering species habitats and abundances in ways that make extinction more likely |
|
|
Extinct species ?% of mammals ?% of birds how many extinctions since 1600 |
832 recorded global extinctions since 1600 1.6% of mammals are extinct 1.3% of birds have gone extinct |
|
|
Extinction rate today is... |
100-1000X pre-human |
|
|
How many modern extinctions have been caused by humans? |
99% (almost all) |
|
|
How many species are currently threatened by extinciton? |
20 000 |
|
|
% of birds threatened? |
13 |
|
|
% of mammals threatened? |
25 |
|
|
% of amphibians threatened |
41 |
|
|
% of primates threatened |
50 |
|
|
Extinction risk can be calculated based on... |
both population size and trend |
|
|
What makes species vulnerable to extinction? |
locally rare, geographically restricted species species with only one population species that are endemic to (small) islands species with small, declining populations large, slow growing species with late maturity species with large fluctuations in density species which are prone to Allee effects species with low genetic diversity |
|
|
Human related traits that make species vulnerable |
habitat overlap with people species that compete with or threaten humans large, palatable, or otherwise valuable species large home range requirements species that require very specialized or pristine habitat limited adaptability and resilience |
|
|
Species saving toolbox |
limiting sources of mortality protecting or improving habitat reintroductions translocation captive breeding storage of genetic material |
|
|
Solutions to the extinction crisis dealing with ultimate causes |
human population growth resource depletion polluting and destructive technologies poverty, instability, and inequality |
|
|
Other solutions |
minimizing proximate threats protecting species and their habitats |
|
|
Convention on biological diversity |
global commitment to halt the decline of biodiversity (signed by 150+ countries) |
|
|
Goals from the convention include |
halting the loss of biological diversity sustainable use its components maintenance of ecosystem services maintenance of socio-cultural diversity of indigenous and local communities fair and equitable sharing of benefits |
|
|
IUCN classification of extinction risk what constitutes threatened |
critically endangered endangered vulnerable |
|
|
critically endangered definition |
extremely high risk of extinction in immediate future |
|
|
endangered definition |
very high extinction risk in the wild |
|
|
vulnerable definition |
facing high risk in the medium-term |
|
|
how are bird species doing? |
100% of birds have been assessed 13% threatened (of known) 13% threatened (of assessed) |
|
|
How are mammal species doing? |
100% of mammals assessed 25% threatened (of known) 25% threatened (of assessed) |
|
|
How are fish doing? |
33% fish have been assessed 6% threatened (of known) 21% threatened (of assessed) |
|
|
How are crustaceans doing? |
5% crustaceans have been assessed 1.25% threatened (of known) 25% threatened (of assessed) |
|
|
How are lichens doing? |
0.01% lichens have been assessed 0.01% threatened (of known) 100% threatened (of assessed) |
|
|
How we going in general? |
3.7% of all species have been assessed 1% threatened (of known) 31% threatened (of assessed) |
|
|
Global red-list index |
|
|
|
CBD stategic plan: |
significantly reduce the rate of biodiversity loss by 2010 |
|
|
Aichi target #2 |
by 2020 the extinction of known threatened species has been prevented and their conservation status, particularly of those most in decline, has been improved and sustained |
|
|
Less than ____% of species have been assessed of those __________ are threatened |
4%, between 1 and 3 are threatened |
