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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Opponent-process theory
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A theory proposing that an emotional event elicits two competing processes: (1) an a-process (or primary process) directly elicited by the event, and (2) a b-process (or opponent process) that is elicited by the a-process and serves to conteract the a-process.
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Reflex
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A relatively simple, involuntary response to a stimulus.
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Reflex arc
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A neural structure that underlies many reflexes and consists of a sensory neuron, and interneuron, and motor neuron.
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Sensitization
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An increase in the strength of an elicited rresponnse
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British empricism
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A philosophical school of thought which maintains that almost all knowlege is a function of experience.
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Cognitive Behaviorism
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A brand of behaviooorism that utilizes intervening variables, usually in the form of hypothesized cognitive processes, to help explain behavir. Sometimes called"purposive behaviorism.
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Cognitive map
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The mental representation of one's spatial surroundings.
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Countercontrol
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The deliberate manipullation of environmental events to alterr their impact on our behavior.
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Appetitve conditioning
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Conditioning procedure in which the US in an event that an organism approached or seeks out.
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Aversive conditioning
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conditioning procedures in which the US is an event that an organism avoids.
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Backward conditioning
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conditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS follows the onset of the US.
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classical conditioning
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a process whereby one stimulus that does not elicit a certain response is associated with a second stimulus that does; as a result, the first stimulus also comes to elicit a response.
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Conditioned response (CR)
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the response, often similar to the unconditioned response, that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus.
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Conditioned stimulus (CS)
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Any stimulus that, although initially neutral, comes to elicit a response because it has been associated with an unconditioned stimulus.
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Delayed conditioning
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Conditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS precedes the onset of the US, and the two stimulus overlap.
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Dishabituation
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The reappearance of a habituated response to a stimulus following the presentation of another, seemingly irrelevant novel stimulus.
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Excitatory conditioning
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Conditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the presentation of a US.
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Fixed action pattern
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A fixed sequence of responses elicited by a specific stimulus.
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Flexion response
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The automatic response of jerking one's hand or foot away from a hot or sharp object.
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Habituation
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A decrease in the strength of an elicited behavior following repeated presentations of the elicited stimulus.
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Inhibitory conditioning
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Conditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the absence or removal of a US.
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