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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
one-way designs
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experimental designs in which only one independent variable is manipulated.
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two-group experimental design
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there are only two levels of the independent variable.
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randomized groups design
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between subjects design in which participants are randomly assigned to one of two or more conditions.
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matched-subjects design
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participants are matched into blocks on the basis of a variable the researcher believe relevant to the experiment then randomly assigned to one of the experimental or control conditions.
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repeated measures
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each participant serves in all experimental conditions.
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Posttest-only design
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the dependent variable is measured only after the experimental manipulation has occurred.
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pretest-posttest design
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researchers measure the dependent variable twice - once before the independent variable is manipulated and again afterward.
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pretest sensitization
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the situation that occurs when completing a pretest affects participants' responses on the posttest.
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Method of agreement
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If X, then Y
X is a sufficient condition of Y |
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Method of difference
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If not-X, then not-Y
X is a necessary condition of Y |
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Between-subjects comparison
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Refers to a contrast between groups of participants who were randomly assigned to groups.
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Between Subjects Factorial Designs
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A research design in which all independent variables are between subjects
Each participant is exposed to only one level of each independent variable |
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Within Subjects Factorial Designs
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A research design in which all independent variables are within subjects
Each participant is exposed to all levels of each independent variable |
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Mixed Subjects Factorial Designs
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A research design in which not all of the independent variables are one type
One or more independent variables are between subjects and one or more independent variables are within subjects |
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Factorial design
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At least two between participant factors with two or more levels each
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Randomized groups factorial design
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participants are assigned randomly to one of the possible combinations of the independent variables
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Matched groups factorial design
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participants are first matched into blocks on the basis of some variable that correlates with the dependent variable. The participants in each block are then randomly assigned to one of the experimental conditions.
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Repeated measures factorial design
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each participant participates in every experimental condition
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Mixed factorial design
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participants are randomly assigned to only one level of some independent variable(s) but receive every level of other independent variable(s); also called a between-within design
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main effects
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an independent variable is the effect of that independent variable while ignoring the effects of all other independent variables in the design.
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interaction
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occurs when the effect of one independent variable differs across the levels of another independent variable.
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Expericorr factorial designs
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are designs that include both independent variables (that are manipulated) and participant variables (that are measured).
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Median-split procedure
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participants who score below the median on the participant variable are classified as low, and participants scoring above the median are classified as high
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Extreme groups procedure
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use only participants who score very high or low on the participant variable (such as lowest and highest 25%)
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