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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
If a vocal section is repeated in Baroque music, what was typically done to the melody to make it more interesting?
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Embellish repeated parts with extra notes |
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What is chamber music and where is it meant to be performed?
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Meant to be performed in a small room at private gathering of friends, usually has 9 or fewer parts, one performer per part.
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What is the form of Revenge by Barbara Strozzi?
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ABAB
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What instruments /voices is Revenge by Barbara Strozzi written for?
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Singer, 2 violins, basso continuo, (cello and lute) |
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As a female musician, what couldn't you do during this time period?
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You couldn't be appreciated as a composer
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What is a concerto?
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An instrumental work for a soloist and a larger ensemble |
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What instruments is The Four Seasons (Winter) by Antoni Vivaldi written for? |
Solo violin, string orchestra, and basso continuo
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What is a movement and how many does "Winter" have?
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3 (fast slow fast), a movement is a smaller chapter of a concerto |
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What is program music?
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An instrumental work that is in some way associated with an external story, event, or idea |
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What is the basic characteristic of ritornello form? |
A series of sections alternating between the soloist(s) and the orchestra
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What does "tutti" mean
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All/everyone plays |
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What are some specific example of how Vivaldi relates the music and the accompanying text? |
High pitched violin to remind one of teeth chattering and softly played violin to represent the oncoming cold, solo violin/virtuosic to represent the wind gusting.
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What was the goal of homophonic texture?
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It was easier to understand the text and restored balance between text and music |
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What two types of instruments are in a basso continuo? |
Cello, bassoon
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What is an aria? |
Character pauses to reflect. Musically elaborate, often virtuosic, accompaniment doesn't overshadow the singer. |
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What is a Recitative? |
Moves the action along a speaking style of singing. Not very elaborate musically, words projected clearly, simple accompaniment.
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What is a Chorus?
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Polyphonic texture; comment on the action, reflect emotion, etc.
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Give some examples of word painting and explain how they are used in Orpheus Act III by Claudio Monteverdi.
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The notes get lower as he sings "deepest depths", the notes get higher as he sings "stars again" the notes are shorter and flighty when "flies away" is sung |
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How are the old and new styles of music used in Orpheus by Claudio Monteverdi? |
The solos are the homophonic texture (new), but the chorus is sung in polyphonic texture (old)
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What are the two purposes of an overture?
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Gets the audience ready and to introduce the audience to the musical themes that will be heard throughout the opera
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What is ostinato?
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A repeated pattern in the bass
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Why are operas originally written in other languages usually never translated into English?
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Because that was their language of origin, and it was only acceptable to keep it in that style. Plus, things can get messed up in translation.
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How do the units in Dido and Aeneas by Henry Purcell fit in with the Doctrine of Affections?
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He splits them up into different sections in order to express one emotion at a time, as the Doctrine of Affection deems appropriate. |
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What English word doe "fugue" share its origins with?
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Fugitave |
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What type of texture does a fugitive have |
Thick polyphonic |
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What is a subject?
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onger note values that gets more notes added in?
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What is fugal exposition?
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all voices perform the subject for the first time |
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What are middle entries?
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When the subject returns
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What are episodes?
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Sections of the piece in which no voice is playing the subject |
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What instrument was Fugue in G Minor by Johann Sebastian Bach written to b performed on and why was it so popular during the Baroque era? |
Organ, because of its size, power, and variety of tones. |
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What is a transcription?
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Take the same notes and tweak them so other instruments can play them
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The Hallelujah Chorus is from what larger work?
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Messiah by George Frideric Handel
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What is an oratorio and why were they written?
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An opera without staging, set, or costumes. They were written because actual operas were deemed too frivolous during certain seasons, according to the church. Oratorios are on more sacred topics. |
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What are some examples of word painting in Messiah by George Frideric Handel during the recitative? |
Heaven is sung higher, laugh is sung lower with extra notes to sound like actual laughter. |
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What are some examples of word painting in Messiah by George Frideric Handel during the aria?
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"broken," "dashed," "potters wheel" repeats the words many times including melismas on key phrases and words. |
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List the textures that are used in the Hallelujah Chorus
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Beginning Hallelujah homophonic, "For the Lord God Omnipotent reigneth" monophonic, polyphonic when texts are combined. |