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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
August Comte |
Structural functionalist, positivism, social evolution |
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Positivism |
Society can be understood scientifically |
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Social evolution |
Societies evolve from more religious to more scientific over time |
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Herbert Spencer |
Functionalist, society organism |
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E. Durkheim |
Functionalist, social solidarity, division of labor |
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Division of labor |
Degree of specialization among individuals |
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Mechanical solidarity |
Society held together by shared experiences, low level of specialization |
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Organic solidarity |
Held together by individualism, high level of specialization, stronger |
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Marx |
Conflict theorist, seize means of production |
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Surplus value |
Profit left over after paying the workers |
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Antonio Gramsci |
Conflict theorist, Ideological hegemony, meritocracy |
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Talcott Parsons |
Functionalist, statuses, roles, norms, institutions, sanctions |
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Status |
Either ascribed or achieved, each has a corresponding role |
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Role |
Set of expectations, behaviors, and responsibilities learned through socialization |
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Institution |
Function for benefit of whole society, follow patterned ways to achieve certain outcomes |
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Norms |
Folkways, mores, laws, taboos, informed by social values |
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Folkways |
Least serious norm to violate, smooths daily life |
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Mores |
Determine moral and ethical behavior, religious doctrines |
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Laws |
Norms enforced by gov't |
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Goffman |
Symbolic interactionist, dramaturgy, front stage back stage off stage |
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Dramaturgy |
How people participate in creating meaning together |
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George Herbert Mead |
Human behavior isn't predetermined, we assign meaning and can change that meaning |