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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Before entering fire area remember to do the following with the nozzle:
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-Bleed the air from the line
-Test range -Set pattern base on attack plans |
page 522
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The fire should be approach from the ________ side to keep it from spreading throughout the structure.
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The fire should be approach from the UNBURNED side to keep it from spreading throughout the structure.
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page 523
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The proper hose pattern to use when adequate ventilation is supply is...
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narrow fog
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page 523
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What are the advantages with a vented fire and the use of narrow fog pattern?
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-Gives smoke, heat, & steam a place to go
-Helps maintain thermal layering |
page 523
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If proper ventilation can not be apply to structure before attack it is important to use what type of hoseline pattern?
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straight stream
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page 523
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What are the advantages of using straight stream pattern in an unvented fire?
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-Avoids upsetting thermal layering as much as a fog stream would due to the push of less air in front of it
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page 523
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If a door must be open in fire area
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position all members of hose team to one side of entrance, stay low, donot use stream until fire is encountered. A stream before fire is encountered will only worrsen visibility.
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page 524
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Water application is only successful if
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the amount of water is sufficent to cool the fuels that are burning.
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page 525
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direct attack
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involves applying water directly to the burning material, the base of the fire for short burst until the fire darkens down.
*Note: Water should not be apply for too long as it will upset the thermal layering! |
page 525
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indirect attack
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used when the fire is too intense to enter for a direct attack. Directing the stream into the superheated atmosphere near the ceiling playing back in forth causing steam conversion, than shut down stream quickly before disturbing thermal layering.
*Note: Donot use when firefighters or victims may be in the area or spread of fire cannot be contained. |
page 527
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combination attack
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uses the steam generating technique of ceiling-level attack combined with direct-level attack by moving in a T Z or O pattern.
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page 527
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Three main uses for master streams:
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1) Direct fire attack
2) Backup handlines that are already attacking the fire from the exterior 3) Exposure protection |
page 528
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Position master stream so it enters the structure with an ______ angle. Why?
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upward angle
This allows it to deflect off the ceiling and break up into small droplets & rain down on the base of the fire. |
page 528
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A master stream should be supply with ______________ hoselines
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A master stream should be supply with two 2 and 1/2" hoselines
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page 529
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It takes a minimum of ____ firefighters to deploy and supply water to a master stream device.
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two
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page 529
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Flammable liquids flash point...
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are those that have flash points less than 100 degrees F.
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page 529
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Combustible liquids flash point...
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are those that have a flash point higher than 100 degrees F.
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page 529
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hydrocarbons
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those that do not mix with water.
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page 529
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polar solvents
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those that mix with water.
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page 529
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BLEVE
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Boiling Liquid Expanding Vapor Explosion
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page 530
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The perferred cooling or extinguishing agent for class B fires is
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foam
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page 530
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What would happen if you plung a stream into burning flammable liquids?
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"Plunging" stream into burning flammable liquids increases production of flammable vapors and greatly intense fire intensity.
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page 531
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natural gas vapor density
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is lighter than air so it tends to rise and diffuse in the open.
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page 533
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natural gas odor
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has no odor of its own, but an additive called mercaptan
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page 533
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natural gas explosion percentage
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explosive in concentrations between 5 to 15%
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page 533
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LPG odor
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has no odor of its own, but odor is added
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page 534
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LPG vapor density
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is about one and half times as heavy as air, so it generally seeks lowest point.
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page 534
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LPG explosion percetage
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The gas is explosive between 1.5 to 10%
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page 534
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The main concerns for firefighters at the scene of leaking gas should be:
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evaculation immediatiately around break, downwind, and eliminate ignition source.
Donot extinguish, turn off. |
page 534
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The firefighter first priority to extinguish class C fires is
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stop the flow of electricity to the object
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page 535
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With broken power lines what distance should be cleared?
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an area equal to a span between the poles should be cleared on either side of the break
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page 536
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utility vault on fire
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Supply discharge carbon dioxide or dry chemical and replace cover. A wet blanket or salvage cover should be placed over the cover to help exclude oxygen.
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page 537
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How may you clear or get off a apparatus that is in contact with electrical wire(s)?
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If you must leave the apparatus, personnel should jump clear of the apparatus, touching neither the apparatus nor the ground at the same time.
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page 540
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Water is only effective againts class D fires when...
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large enough quantities to cool the metal beyond its ignition temperature.
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page 541
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The usual way of control with class D fires is...
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to protect exposures and permit the metal to burn itself out.
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page 541
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RIC
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Rapid Intervention Crew
According to NFPA 1500 fire departments must "...provide personnel for rescue of members operating at emergency incidents..." Two or more fully prepared members at moment of notice. |
page 544
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Generally, a fire attack of a mutistory building floor will be initiated from...
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the floor below the fire floor.
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page 545
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Generally, staging of extra equipment and personnel in a mutistroy building fire is established...
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two floors below the fire floor.
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page 545
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What are the three most important factors with wildland fire behavior?
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Fuel, weather, & topography
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page 552
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Wildland fuel is divided into three catergories, what are they?
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subsurface fuels
surface fuels and aerial fuels |
page 553
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Parts of wildland fire:
Origin |
The area where the fire started, and the point from which it spreads.
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page 554
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Parts of wildland fire:
Head |
The part of a wildland fire that travels or spreads most rapidly.
Usually the key in controlling the fire is controlling the head and the prevention of a new head. |
page 554
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Parts of wildland fire:
Finger |
The long narrow strips of fire extending from the main fire.
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page 554
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Parts of wildland fire:
Perimeter |
The outer boundary outside the burning or burned area.
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page 554
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Parts of wildland fire:
Heel or rear |
The side opposite of the head.
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page 554
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Parts of wildland fire:
Flank |
The sides of the wildland fire. A shift in wind can change the flank into a head.
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page 555
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Parts of wildland fire:
Islands |
Unburned areas inside the fire perimeter.
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page 555
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Parts of wildland fire:
Spot fire |
Separate area of fire cause by sparks or embers landing outside the main fire area. The must be extinguish fast before they grow to a large fire.
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page 555
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Parts of wildland fire:
Green |
The unburned fuel next to the involved area of fire. It is not a safe area, just simply the opposite of the burned area.
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page 555
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Parts of wildland fire:
Black |
The area where the fire has consumed or "blackened" the fuels. This is a relatively safe area minus the smoke and hot environment.
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Page 555
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FIRE ORDERS
F |
Fight fire aggressively but provide safety first.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
I |
Initiate all action based on current and expected fire behavior.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
R |
Recognize current weather conditions and obtain forecasts.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
E |
Ensure instructions are givee and understood.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
O |
Obtain current information on fire status.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
R (second) |
Remain in communication with crew members, your supervisor, and adjoining forces.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
D |
Determine safety zones and escape routes.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
E (second) |
Establish lookouts in potentially hazardous sitiations.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
R (third) |
Retain control at all times.
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page 556
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FIRE ORDERS
S |
Stay alert, keep calm, think clearly, act decisively.
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page 556
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