Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Big Bang |
13.7 bill yrs: super nova type explosion, expanding gasses --> galaxies |
|
Close Encounter |
Stars Gravity rips hot gas from protoplanet our sun, then condenses into planets (unproabable) |
|
Nebulae |
cloud of gas and dust, between stars |
|
Galaxy |
pattern, mills of stars, planets, dust, asteriods |
|
Ellipse law |
orbit of a planet, oval, where sun is 1 focus |
|
Equal area law |
Planet revolves around sun so a line from planet to sun sweeps over equal areas in equal times |
|
Harmonic law |
Ratio of square of revolution of 2 places, is equal to ratio of cubes of average distance from sun |
|
Kepler's three laws |
1) Ellipse Law 2) Equal area, equal time revolution 3) Harmonic Law |
|
Perihelion |
Point where a planet is closest the sun in its orbit |
|
Aphelion |
Point where a planet is furthest the sun on its orbit |
|
2 features of the moon: |
- Maria (flat land seas) - Impact craters |
|
Gravity on moon is... |
1/6 the objects weight |
|
Layers of the sun |
Core: where H fusion occurs Photosphere: surface, rising & cooling gas mottled, sun-spots, prominences Chromosphere: red, lower atmos, low density Corona: outer atmos, "rays" Sun Spots: darker, cooler, magnetic storms |
|
Protostar |
When a nebulae cloud begins to glow |
|
Nova |
Flare of activity from white dwarf star |
|
Supernova |
Massive nova |
|
Neutron Star |
Remaining dense core of a super nova |
|
Diffuse & Dark Nebulas |
Diffuse: visible from light from near star (light) Dark: distant from star, shadow (dark) |
|
Red Giant |
-Large -Red -Cooler -Occurs when loses stability |
|
White Dwarf |
-Fuel is used up -Collapsed (atoms squeeze) -Faint |
|
Super Giants |
-High mass star that runs out of fuel -Expands -100x more luminous & large than red giant |
|
Variable Stars |
Brightness that changes in regular cycle |
|
Cephied |
pulsing object |
|
Quasar |
-largest known object -most luminous -radiates light & radio waves at high freq |
|
astronomical units |
150 million km the distance between earth and sun |
|
light year |
9.5 trillion km distance that light travels in one year |
|
what 4 factors cause a stars colour |
temperature, composition, magnitude , and luminosity |
|
what elements change a stars colors |
green- barium red- strontium blue- copper |
|
absolute magnitude |
the actual amount of light given off, at a standard distance 1st mag -> 6th mag brightest -> faintest |
|
apparent magnitide |
the brightness as it appears to us on earth |
|
luminosity |
the actual brightness depends on size and temperature |
|
luminosity |
the actual brightness depends on size and temperature |
|
Hertz-Sprung Russell Diagram |
compares temperature to Luminosity |
|
luminosity |
the actual brightness depends on size and temperature |
|
Hertz-Sprung Russell Diagram |
compares temperature to Luminosity |
|
what 4 types of stars exist? |
-main sequence -red giants -super giants -dwarf stars |
|
comets |
icy, orbits sun (dirty snowball) trail faces away from sun |
|
asteroids |
solid, rock like, irregular asteroid belt- Mars & Jupiter |
|
asteroids |
solid, rock like, irregular asteroid belt- Mars & Jupiter |
|
meteroids |
small rock/ice comes from asteroids, moons, comets, etc. |
|
asteroids |
solid, rock like, irregular asteroid belt- Mars & Jupiter |
|
meteroids |
small rock/ice comes from asteroids, moons, comets, etc. |
|
3 types of meteriods |
meteriod- |
|
3 types of meteriods |
meteriod- space meteror- atmosphere meterite- earth
stone, iron, stoney-iron |
|
planets |
leftover nebula material |
|
rotation & revolution |
rotation- spinning on axis revolution- moving around sun |
|
rotation & revolution |
rotation- spinning on axis revolution- moving around sun |
|
terrestrial inner planets earth like |
mercury, Venus, earth, Mars first created rocky core, small, few/no moons short revolution, slow rotation |
|
rotation & revolution |
rotation- spinning on axis revolution- moving around sun |
|
terrestrial inner planets earth like |
mercury, Venus, earth, Mars first created rocky core, small, few/no moons short revolution, slow rotation |
|
Jovian outer planets Jupiter like / gas giants |
Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune large, gas/ice/dust large rings, many moons long revolution, fast rotation |
|
trans-neptunian objects |
outside Neptune's orbit: Pluto found in Kuiper belt |
|
trans-neptunian objects |
outside Neptune's orbit: Pluto found in Kuiper belt |
|
Oort cloud |
furthest reaches of sun's gravity pull |