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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Early modern english |
1500 to 1800 Distinct change in pronounciation Inclusion of European, Greek and Latin lexi |
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Graphology |
Study of writing forms |
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Grammar |
Rules for appropriate use of a language Word order Word meaning |
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Pragmatics |
Study of how language is used in its social context context |
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Semantics |
Study of meaning of words |
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How did Latin lexi become introduced |
43 CE Romans invaded England |
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Old English |
Anglo Saxon settlers in Britain Main language till 1100 |
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Old English terms still used today |
Strong Water Be |
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Similar English terms still used today |
Eald - old Brodor - brother Hus - house Wif - wife |
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When was Britain invaded by Norse |
793 Vikings from Scandinavia i.e. Denmark & Norway |
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What happened in 1066 |
Norman French conquered England Old English survived amongst peasantry 10 000 French words came in to English over next 200 years Brough Middle English |
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Middle English |
Spoken and written English after Norman invasion |
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6 aspects of Early Modern English development |
1476 - William Caxton printing press 1755 - Johnson Dictionary of the Eng.Lang Science development Travel and exploration Latin, Greek, European language enrichment More flexible: lost grammatical patterns of old and middle English |
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Great Vowel Shift outkine |
Series of changes in pronounciation affecting the vowels used particularly long ones From 1350 Lasted 200 years |
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Cause of Great Vowel Shift |
Word spellings becoming standardised Movement to South East England in 14th century during and after black plague (different accents) |
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Evidence of Great Vowel Shift |
Boots sounded like boats Feet sounded like fate |
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Shakespeares language outkune |
New language idioms introduced 1700 words introduced E.g. birthplace, gossip, scuffle, zany, torture Change nouns into verbs E.g. shelter to ensheltered |
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Late Modern English |
After 1800 to present day Initiated by scientific and social developments & desire to establish rules of language |
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Causes of change to late modern english |
Industrial revolution Colonialism Travel |
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Outline industrial revolution |
18th and 19th centuries Find new words for things that didn't previously exist e.g. locomotive |
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Examples of industrial revolution terms |
Fashion - mackintosh, leotard, jeggings Food - cereal, ciabatta, pasta Leisure - rugby, marathon, hike Medicine - ambulance, aspirin Chemistry - halogen, Germinal, thallium Psychology - agoraphobia, hysteria, psychiatry |
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colonialism |
Country claims ownership Takes control of another land Gain wealth from products of that country |
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Outline colonialism, travel and empire building |
Picked up in 1700s English widely spoken Wales, Scotland and Ireland Borrowed from colonised countries e.g. India, Australia, America |
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How new words are formed |
Derivation (prefix, suffix) Eponyms Neologism Coinage Conversion Telescoping Compounding Blending Coalescence Clipping Backformation Reduplication |
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Changes in grammar and style |
Nouns used as verbs Verb "do" used as auxiliary Thou/you distinction disappeared S replaced th Its introduced as possessive It's as contraction came into use Neuters Double negative incorrect Rely on inflection |
