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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is ATP |
Adenosine triphosphate |
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What is ATP made up of |
A molecule of adenosine and three phosphates |
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How does ATP release energy |
By breaking a bond between the phosphates |
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When ATP loses a phosphate it forms... |
Adenosine Di-phosphate (ADP) |
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How can ATP be resynthesised? |
By adding a phosphate to ADP |
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ATP works like a... |
rechargeable battery |
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Where is ATP stored |
In the muscles |
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We have enough ATP to last... |
3 seconds |
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The muscles also contain a high amount of... |
Creatine Phosphate |
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What is creatine phosphate made up of |
One molecule of creatine and phosphate |
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What happens when the creatine phosphate bond is broken |
the creatine and phosphate split |
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What happens to the split phosphate |
It joins into ADP to resynthesise ATP |
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The ATP-PC system lasts approximately... |
10 seconds |
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What is the ATP-PC system used for |
Short, high intensity exercise |
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What is anaerobic glycolysis? |
The lactate system breaks down glycogen without the use of oxygen |
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When we break down a molecule of glycogen it produces... |
2 ATP |
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What waste product is created? |
Pryuvate/ lactate |
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The lactate system lasts... |
1-2 minutes |
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How long does it take to recover from the lactate system ? |
8 minutes |
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What happens in this time |
Lactic acid is removed and glycogen is replaced |
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What are the 3 stages of the aerobic system? |
Anaerobic glycolysis Kreb’s cycle Electron transport chain |
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What happens in Kreb’s cycle |
Pyruvate is broken down using oxygen |
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How many ATP does Kreb’s cycle produce? |
2 ATP |
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What is released in Kreb’s cycle? |
Hydrogen and carbon dioxide |
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What happens in the electron transport chain |
Hydrogen forms with oxygen to form 34 ATP |
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How much ATP does the aerobic system produce in total? |
34 |
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How long does it take to recover from the aerobic system |
hours- days |
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Give 2 adaptations of the energy system to exercise |
increased creatine stores Increased tolerance to lactic acid Improved aerobic energy system The use of fat as an energy source increased glycogen stores increased mitochondria |
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What is a hypoglycaemic attack? |
When blood sugar levels fall too low |
