Empire Beauty School - Full Terminology

Front 1

Active Listening:

Back 1

process of using verbal and non-verbal signs that show the speaker you are interested in what they are saying

Front 2

Average Ticket:

Back 2

how much your typical Guests spend per visit on services and/or products

Front 3

Body Language:

Back 3

communication cues provided by the movement and position of the body

Front 4

Booth Rental:

Back 4

business process where a stylist can rent space within an existing salon and run their own business performing cosmetology services (also known as Chair Rental)

Front 5

Brand:

Back 5

'mental imprint' characterized by a symbol or logo that is earned and belongs to a product, service, organization, individual and/or event

Front 6

Business Plan:

Back 6

report or plan of action that describes the current or projected future of a business

Front 7

Business Records:

Back 7

all records associated with a business that must be organized and maintained to satisfy all federal, state, and local reporting and taxing requirements

Front 8

Cancellation List:

Back 8

list containing the information of Guests who could not be booked an appointment on the time and/or day that they originally requested

Front 9

Capital:

Back 9

the money you will invest to start your business

Front 10

Closed-Ended Question:

Back 10

question that can be answered in a few words and does not require elaboration

Front 11

Commission:

Back 11

percentage of dollars brought into the salon from Guest services and products sold by a particular stylist

Front 12

Consultation:

Back 12

the process of obtaining the information you need from your Guest in order to suggest services, products and solutions to their hair and body needs

Front 13

Consumption Supplies:

Back 13

supplies used in the daily operation of the salon

Front 14

Corporation:

Back 14

business comprised of a group of stockholders who have a proprietary interest in the company and its welfare

Front 15

Ethics:

Back 15

the principles that guide your professional behavior

Front 16

Goal:

Back 16

a 'target' that is planned, monitored and reached within a scheduled time frame

Front 17

Guest Referral:

Back 17

the process of gaining a new Guest who was referred to you by an existing Guest, usually through a word-of-mouth recommendation

Front 18

Guest Retention:

Back 18

when Guests continuously return for scheduled services, remaining loyal to the salon and you

Front 19

Guest Service Cycle:

Back 19

Guest service blueprint used to ensure a satisfactory Guest experience at each stage of the Guest visit

Front 20

Impression Management:

Back 20

the attempt to ensure only positive impressions of you is perceived by your Guests

Front 21

Insurance:

Back 21

a written agreement that once purchased, guarantees that the business is protected in the events of accident and injury, fire, theft and loss of ability to do business

Front 22

In-The-Chair-Rebooking:

Back 22

rebooking your Guests before they leave the styling station

Front 23

Job Description:

Back 23

document stating all the responsibilities and tasks for a particular job position

Front 24

Marketing:

Back 24

the use of written, verbal, and visual communication designed to attract potential Guests to your business Networking: utilizing social settings as an opportunity to meet new Guests

Front 25

Non-Verbal Communication:

Back 25

unspoken messages sent through eye contact, facial expressions and body language

Front 26

Open-Ended Question:

Back 26

question that requires more than a few words to answer and is used in an effort to draw out information

Front 27

Paraphrasing:

Back 27

using your own words to summarize what you heard the speaker say

Front 28

Partnership:

Back 28

when two or more persons share in the ownership and operations of a business

Front 29

Personal Hygiene:

Back 29

following a daily routine to maintain your body's cleanliness

Front 30

Personnel:

Back 30

the employees of all positions in a particular business or company

Front 31

Portfolio:

Back 31

a collection of your best work in digital or paper form

Front 32

Professionalism:

Back 32

behaving in a manner appropriate for your business setting

Front 33

Rebooking:

Back 33

the process of scheduling your current Guest's next appointment prior to them leaving your salon

Front 34

Record Keeping:

Back 34

the accounting practice of maintaining and organizing all business records

Front 35

Résumé:

Back 35

a communication tool that catalogs and summarizes your education, employment history and professional accomplishments

Front 36

Retail Supplies:

Back 36

professional products that are sold to Guests through your recommendations based on their hair and body needs

Front 37

Salon Operation:

Back 37

the skills and processes necessary to run a successful salon

Front 38

Self-Esteem:

Back 38

overall evaluation of self-worth

Front 39

Sole Proprietor:

Back 39

a business that is solely owned and managed by one person

Front 40

Stereotype:

Back 40

a widely held belief about people who share a common trait or belong to a particular group

Front 41

Stress:

Back 41

physical and psychological responses to demanding situations

Front 42

Target-Market:

Back 42

those individuals who are most likely to purchase your services and/or products through direct marketing efforts

Front 43

Up-Selling:

Back 43

is the action of selling your Guest additional services and or products based on needs and solutions also known as 'add-on' services or products

Hint 43

also known as Ticket Upgrading,

Front 44

Value-Added Service:

Back 44

giving your Guests a higher level of Guest service than that offered by your competitors, thereby creating the perception of value to your Guests

Front 45

Verbal Communication:

Back 45

using words or language to communicate

Front 46

Written Agreement:

Back 46

any formal document that is a signed agreement between two parties and predetermines how certain situations will be handled should they arise

Front 47

0°/ Blunt Haircut:

Back 47

no elevation cuts.

Hint 47

Also known as a one length, bob, or solid form haircut technique

Front 48

45° / Graduated Haircut:

Back 48

medium elevation cuts.

Hint 48

Also known as a wedge or graduated

Front 49

90° / Uniform-Layered Haircut:

Back 49

a uniform elevation cut at 90° from the scalp and cut at the same length

Front 50

180° / Long-Layered Haircut:

Back 50

a haircut with increased long layers

Front 51

Allergy:

Back 51

an immune response or reaction to substances that are usually not harmful

Front 52

Alopecia:

Back 52

abnormal hair loss

Front 53

Alopecia Areata:

Back 53

patchy loss of hair occurring on the scalp or other parts of the body

Front 54

Alopecia Totalis:

Back 54

severe case of alopecia areata where balding occurs over the entire head

Front 55

Alopecia Universalis:

Back 55

severe case of alopecia areata where balding occurs over the entire body

Front 56

Amphoteric:

Back 56

surfactants that are very mild and compatible with all other surfactants

Front 57

Anagen:

Back 57

the period of active growth

Front 58

Androgenic Alopecia:

Back 58

male or female pattern baldness

Front 59

Angle:

Back 59

the space formed in between the point where two lines join; combination of two straight lines joined together, producing various effects and qualities

Front 60

Anionic:

Back 60

a shampoo with a detergent base that is inexpensive, but has excellent deep cleansing abilities, and is easily rinsed from the hair

Front 61

Antiseptic:

Back 61

an agent that prevents or reduces infection by eliminating or decreasing the growth of microorganisms; it can be applied safely to the skin

Front 62

Apex:

Back 62

the highest point of the head

Front 63

Arrector Pili Muscle:

Back 63

a small, involuntary muscle located along the side of the hair follicle that is responsible for ‘goose bumps’

Front 64

Bacilli:

Back 64

rod-shaped, spore-producing bacteria

Front 65

Bacteria:

Back 65

one-cell microorganisms

Front 66

Balance:

Back 66

equal in proportion

Front 67

Beveling:

Back 67

a technique that creates curved lines in a haircut by cutting ends with a slight increase or decrease in length

Front 68

Blood borne Pathogens:

Back 68

infectious pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood or bodily fluids and can cause disease in humans; these pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

Front 69

Carbuncle:

Back 69

a localized infection caused by staphylococci bacteria; similar to a furuncle but larger

Front 70

Carving:

Back 70

a cutting technique where the still blade is placed into the hair and the shears are partially opened and closed while moving through the hair

Front 71

Cartagena:

Back 71

the period of break down and change of hair growth

Front 72

Cationic:

Back 72

removes dirt from the hair shaft and provides softness and moisture

Front 73

Cervical Vertebrae:

Back 73

consists of seven vertebrae (bones) that make up the portion of the spinal column located in the neck

Front 74

Chunking:

Back 74

a texturizing technique that removes larger sections of hair; chunking creates movement in a perimeter design line by breaking up the weighted line

Front 75

Cleaning:

Back 75

a procedure using detergent and water to eliminate contamination of surfaces, tools and/or skin; cleaning also eliminates unseen debris that interferes with disinfection

Front 76

Cocci:

Back 76

circular-shaped bacteria that produce pus and can cause strep throat and blood poisoning

Front 77

Combination Haircut:

Back 77

a haircut using two or more degrees

Front 78

Contagious / Communicable:

Back 78

means that infections or diseases can be transferred from one person to another by contact

Front 79

Contamination:

Back 79

the presence of unclean materials or tools left on a surface

Front 80

Coarse Texture:

Back 80

hair has a large diameter or width and feels thick

Front 81

Cowlick:

Back 81

a tuft of hair that stands up with a strong directional growth pattern

Front 82

Cranium:

Back 82

covers the top and sides of the head and consists of six bones

Front 83

Crosscheck:

Back 83

parting the haircut in the opposite direction, from which it was cut, to check for precision of line and shape

Front 84

Crown:

Back 84

the upper back of the head

Front 85

Cuticle:

Back 85

the tough, outer protective covering of the hair

Front 86

Decontamination:

Back 86

the removal of any infectious materials on tools or surfaces by following all sanitation and disinfection guidelines

Front 87

Decontamination Method 1 (Disinfecting):

Back 87

clean tools with warm, soapy water; be sure to remove visible debris. Next, submerge tools in an EPA-registered disinfectant. Always follow manufacturer’s directions for proper contact time and mixing ratios. Contact time is the amount of time the disinfectant must stay moist on a surface in order for it to be effective

Front 88

Decontamination Method 2 (Sterilization):

Back 88

clean tools with warm, soapy water; be sure to remove visible debris. Next, place tools in a high-pressure steam unit, called an autoclave.

Hint 88

will destroy all microbial life, including spores

Front 89

Deionized Water:

Back 89

is water that has had the metal ions and/or impurities removed through ion exchange process

Hint 89

also known as purified water,

Front 90

Density:

Back 90

the number of hair strands per square inch on the scalp

Front 91

Dermal Papillae:

Back 91

a small, cone-shaped elevation at the base of the hair follicle filled with blood vessels

Front 92

Diagonal Lines:

Back 92

a slanting line between horizontal and vertical lines

Front 93

Diameter:

Back 93

the thickness of a hair strand

Front 94

Diplococci:

Back 94

grow in pairs, are spherical-shaped, and cause pneumonia

Front 95

Disconnected Lines:

Back 95

not connected; independent lines that normally do not blend; having a defined break in the design

Front 96

Disease:

Back 96

bacterial invasion of the body that disrupts a normal function of health

Front 97

Disorder:

Back 97

any abnormality of bodily function; services can be performed with special product recommendations

Front 98

Edging:

Back 98

is the technique of cutting around the hairline to create a clean line or a design within a haircut

Hint 98

also known as Outlining or Etching,

Front 99

Elevation:

Back 99

is the degree or angle by which the hair is lifted and combed in relation to the head

Hint 99

also known as Degree or Projection,

Front 100

Epicranial Aponeurosis:

Back 100

a tendon that connects the Occipitalis and the Frontalis

Front 101

Epicranium:

Back 101

the complete scalp; the muscles, skin, and aponeurosis; covering the skull

Front 102

Epicranius:

Back 102

the broad muscle formed by the joining of the Frontalis and Occipitalis

Hint 102

also known as Occipito-frontalis,

Front 103

Ergonomics:

Back 103

the applied science concerned with designing and arranging things that people use so both (people and things) interact most efficiently and safely

Front 104

Exposure Incident:

Back 104

when you come in contact with broken skin, body fluid, blood or any other potentially infectious items while at work

Front 105

Exterior:

Back 105

the outer or external part

Front 106

Fallen Hair:

Back 106

hair that is naturally shed or gathered from a brush and/or comb

Front 107

Filtration:

Back 107

separating water from its mineral substances, such as magnesium, iron, calcium or organic matter; water passes through a ‘filter-type trap,’ encasing some minerals or particles, therefore producing less-contaminated water

Front 108

Fine Texture:

Back 108

hair has a small diameter / width that feels thin

Front 109

Fragilitas Crinium:

Back 109

when the hair is susceptible to breakage

Hint 109

also known as Brittle Hair,

Front 110

Frontal Bone:

Back 110

forms the forehead; starts at the top of the eyes, extending to the beginning curve of the head

Front 111

Frontalis:

Back 111

the muscle that encompasses the forehead and extends into the beginning curve of the scalp

Front 112

Fungi:

Back 112

members of a large group of organisms that include microorganisms, such as yeasts, molds, and mildews

Front 113

Furuncle:

Back 113

boil or abscess of the skin located in the hair follicle

Front 114

Growth Pattern:

Back 114

the direction the hair grows from the scalp

Front 115

Guideline:

Back 115

the first section of hair that is cut to serve as a guide to determine the length and/or shape

Front 116

Hair Bulb:

Back 116

the rounded, club-shaped part of hair located at the end of the hair root

Front 117

Hair Follicle:

Back 117

a tube-like depression or pocket in the skin that contains the hair root from which the hair will grow

Front 118

Hair Stream:

Back 118

hair growing in the same direction; creates a natural part

Front 119

Hard Water:

Back 119

remains unaltered and contain an amount of dissolved minerals, such as calcium and magnesium;

Hint 119

most well water

Front 120

Head Position:

Back 120

the angle at which your Guest’s head is held during a procedure

Front 121

Horizontal Line:

Back 121

a line parallel to the floor; opposite of vertical

Front 122

Humectant:

Back 122

substances added to conditioners to help the hair retain moisture

Front 123

Hydrophilic:

Back 123

water-loving’; easily absorbs moisture and capable of combining with or attracting water

Front 124

Immunity:

Back 124

the body’s ability to fight or defend against infection and disease

Front 125

Infection:

Back 125

the invasion of body tissues by disease-causing bacteria (pathogenic bacteria) or viruses

Front 126

Interior:

Back 126

the inner or internal part

Front 127

Interior Guideline:

Back 127

a guide that is inside the haircut, not around the hairline or perimeter; this will create less weight and more softness to the perimeter

Front 128

Keratin:

Back 128

a strong, fibrous protein; the building block for hair, skin and nails

Front 129

Keratinization:

Back 129

the process of converting living skin cells into hard proteins

Front 130

Lanugo Hair:

Back 130

is the soft, white and downy hair found on the body; usually lacking a medulla

Hint 130

also known as Vellus Hair,

Front 131

Latissimus Dorsi:

Back 131

large, flat, triangular muscle covering the lower back; helps to extend the arm away from the body and rotate the shoulder

Front 132

Line(s) of Haircutting:

Back 132

The basic lines used in haircutting are straight and curved. There are three types of straight lines: horizontal, vertical and diagonal. Each line represents various movement and design options

Hint 132

also known as the edge or division of a shape.

Front 133

Lipophilic:

Back 133

‘oil-loving’; having an attraction to fat and oils

Front 134

Malassezia:

Back 134

a naturally occurring fungus, sometimes known as pityrosporum ovale

Front 135

Medium Texture:

Back 135

hair has an average width and thickness

Front 136

Mildew:

Back 136

usually a white substance that grows on the surface of things in wet, warm conditions, but does not cause human infections on the skin

Front 137

Monilethrix:

Back 137

condition causing beaded hair. Hair is weak before each node and easily broken

Front 138

Motility:

Back 138

self-movement

Front 139

Nape:

Back 139

the section of the head from the occipital bone to the hairline

Front 140

Natural Distribution:

Back 140

the direction in which the hair moves or falls on the head

Front 141

Non-Pathogenic:

Back 141

bacteria that are not harmful

Front 142

Nonporous:

Back 142

when an item is made or constructed of materials that are not permeable / penetrated by water, air or other fluids

Front 143

Notch Cutting:

Back 143

a texturizing technique similar to point cutting but the cutting is done toward the ends rather than into them, creating a chunking effect

Front 144

Occipital Bone:

Back 144

the bone that covers the back of the head and sits directly above the nape

Front 145

Occipitalis:

Back 145

the muscle located in the nape of the neck that draws the scalp back

Front 146

Palm-to-Palm:

Back 146

a haircutting technique that positions the palms of your hands facing each other; using the palm-to-palm position when cutting prevents the hair from being lifted up off your hand and the hair from being pushed out the front of the shears

Front 147

Parallel Lines:

Back 147

consistently traveling in the same direction at an equal distance apart

Front 148

Parasitic Disease:

Back 148

disease caused by parasites, such as lice and mites

Front 149

Parietal Bone:

Back 149

two bones, one on each side of the head that form the entire crown and topsides

Front 150

Parietal Ridge:

Back 150

largest curve of the head; it separates the interior of the head from the exterior of the head

Front 151

Pathogenic:

Back 151

bacteria that are harmful and cause disease

Front 152

Pediculosis Capitis:

Back 152

condition caused by the infestation of the hair and scalp caused by the parasitic insect, head louse

Front 153

Pityriasis:

Back 153

characterized by white, lightweight flakes that either attach to the scalp in clusters or are scattered loosely within hair and eventually fall to the shoulders

Hint 153

dandruff; dry type of dandruff

Front 154

Pityriasis Steatoides:

Back 154

distinguished by excessive amounts of waxy or greasy scales that accumulate on the scalp in crusts

Hint 154

also known as Seborrheic Dermatitis, is a severe case of dandruff,

Front 155

Platysma:

Back 155

the muscle that extends from the tip of the chin to the shoulder and lowers the jaw and lip

Front 156

Point Cutting:

Back 156

the texturizing technique using the tips of the shears to cut into the ends of the hair to create multiple lengths that will blend within the hair ends

Front 157

Postpartum Alopecia:

Back 157

period of temporary hair loss that typically occurs after childbirth

Front 158

Scabies:

Back 158

a condition caused by a microscopic mite, known as the itch mite

Front 159

Sebaceous Glands:

Back 159

glands that produce sebum, an oily substance that lubricates the skin or scalp

Front 160

Sections / sectioning:

Back 160

dividing areas of hair that can be managed and controlled

Front 161

Shifted Distribution:

Back 161

is directing the hair out of its natural fall

Hint 161

also known as over-directed,

Front 162

Skull:

Back 162

the skeletal structure that makes up the head and face; encasing the brain. The skull is divided into two areas: cranium and face

Front 163

Slithering:

Back 163

is a texturizing technique using a sliding movement down the hair shaft; used to remove bulk and add mobility within the haircut or for blending and framing areas around the face

Hint 163

also known as Slicing,

Front 164

Soft Water:

Back 164

water where the mineral content is dissolved and removed; rainwater is considered soft water

Front 165

Sphenoid:

Back 165

a wedge-shaped bone that joins all the bones of the cranium

Front 166

Spirilla:

Back 166

spiral-shaped or curved bacteria

Front 167

Staphylococci:

Back 167

bacterial cells, which form in clusters, like grapes, are pus forming causing abscesses, pustules and boils

Front 168

Stationary Guide:

Back 168

a fixed guideline that does not move

Front 169

Sternocleidomastoideus:

Back 169

long muscle that stretches from the back of the ear, along the side of the neck to the collarbone

Front 170

Streptococci:

Back 170

bacterial cells that grow in curved lines shaped into chains and cause abscesses, pustules and boils

Front 171

Surfactant:

Back 171

a surface active agent or wetting agent that has the ability to dissolve in water and remove dirt from surfaces, such as hair; the ingredient in shampoo that causes lather

Front 172

Tapering:

Back 172

is a cutting technique that blends hair from a shorter length at the perimeter to a longer length as moved up the head

Hint 172

also known as Fading,

Front 173

Telogen:

Back 173

resting phase of hair growth

Front 174

Telogen Effluvium:

Back 174

premature or sudden hair loss

Front 175

Temporal Bone:

Back 175

two bones are on each side of the head that forms the lower side of the head

Front 176

Temporalis:

Back 176

the temple muscle located above and in front of the ear that helps in opening and closing the mouth, as in chewing

Front 177

Tension:

Back 177

application of pressure applied while combing and holding the hair prior to cutting

Front 178

Terminal Hair:

Back 178

pigmented hair on the body

Front 179

Texture:

Back 179

the diameter or width, quality, feel and arrangement of individual hair strands within the overall hair structure; textures are described as fine, medium and coarse

Front 180

Texturizing:

Back 180

techniques that help to blend lines or remove excess bulk without changing the shape of the cut

Front 181

Tinea:

Back 181

a contagious condition caused by a fungal parasite

Hint 181

the technical term for Ringworm;

Front 182

Tinea Barbae:

Back 182

is a superficial fungal infection that commonly affects the skin

Hint 182

also known as Barber’s Itch,

Front 183

Tinea Capitis:

Back 183

a fungal infection of the skin and scalp, characterized by red papules or spots at the opening of the hair follicle

Front 184

Tinea Favosa:

Back 184

a fungal infection of the scalp, characterized by a pink scalp with thick, whitish-yellow crusts known as scutula, which tend have a slight odor

Hint 184

also known as Honeycomb Ringworm;

Front 185

Traction Alopecia:

Back 185

hair loss through repetitive and excessive pulling or stretching of the hair

Front 186

Trapezius:

Back 186

flat, triangular muscles that run from the upper back to the back of the neck

Front 187

Traveling Guide:

Back 187

a guideline that moves around or passes from one section to another

Front 188

Trichology:

Back 188

the study of hair and its diseases and disorders

Front 189

Trichoptilosis:

Back 189

is when hair ends are dried out and damaged by overexposure to heating tools, weather elements and/or chemical services

Hint 189

also known as split ends,

Front 190

Trichorrehexis Nodosa:

Back 190

has bulges welling along the hair shaft; brittleness and breakage can occur at the node

Hint 190

also known as knotted hair,

Front 191

Universal Precautions:

Back 191

a set of guidelines published by OSHA that require an employer and employee to assume that all human blood and body fluids are blood borne pathogens

Front 192

Vertical Lines:

Back 192

a line that extends straight up from the floor; opposite of horizontal

Front 193

Virus:

Back 193

a submicroscopic, parasitic particle that causes disease

Front 194

Weight Line:

Back 194

concentration of hair within an area that gives the appearance of heaviness and density

Front 195

Whorl:

Back 195

circular growth pattern; use special considerations when cutting

Front 196

Acid:

Back 196

ranges from 0 to 6.9 on the pH Scale

Front 197

Alkaline:

Back 197

ranges from 7.1 to 14 on pH Scale

Front 198

Alkanolamines:

Back 198

used to neutralize acids or raise the ph. May be used in place of ammonia because they create less odor

Front 199

Ammonia:

Back 199

a gas with a strong odor, made up of nitrogen and hydrogen

Front 200

Aniline Derivatives:

Back 200

small compounds, found in permanent hair color

Hint 200

also known as uncolored dye precursors,

Front 201

Atom:

Back 201

the smallest chemical part of an element

Front 202

Canities:

Back 202

the medical term for gray hair; the result of a gradual decline in melanin

Front 203

Chemical:

Back 203

a substance used in, or produced by, the process of chemistry

Front 204

Chemistry:

Back 204

the science that deals with the composition, structures, and properties of matter and how matter changes under different chemical conditions

Front 205

Color Wheel:

Back 205

a support tool for the Law of Color to visually show how all colors are created

Front 206

Combustion:

Back 206

the rapid oxidation of a substance, accompanied by the production of heat and light

Front 207

Complementary Colors:

Back 207

created by mixing a primary and a secondary color that are located opposite of each other on the color wheel

Front 208

Compound Molecules:

Back 208

is a chemical combination of two or more atoms from different elements

Hint 208

also known as Compounds,

Front 209

Concentrate:

Back 209

a product used to make another product more intense, vibrant, stronger, or purer

Front 210

Cortex:

Back 210

the middle layer of hair, made up of elongated cells containing melanin and keratin

Front 211

Cuticle:

Back 211

the protective, outermost layer of hair

Front 212

Decolorization:

Back 212

the technique of removing natural hair color or artificial hair color from the hair

Front 213

Demi-Permanent Hair color:

Back 213

deposits or adds color to existing color; however, it does not lighten the hair

Front 214

Developer:

Back 214

oxidizing agent added to hair color or lightener that assists in the development process; it is manufactured in various strengths, known as volumes or percentages

Hint 214

also known as Catalyst or Hydrogen Peroxide,

Front 215

Dimensional Hair color:

Back 215

utilizing two or more hair colors and/or techniques to create depth, movement, and shape

Front 216

Double Process Hair color:

Back 216

a two-step technique involving lightening of the hair, followed by application of toner to achieve desired hair color

Front 217

Drabber:

Back 217

a concentrate hair color used to increase the ability of a hair color to neutralize unwanted warmth of a color

Front 218

Electron:

Back 218

particles in an atom that have a negative charge

Front 219

Element:

Back 219

the simplest form of matter. It cannot be broken down into a simpler substance

Front 220

Emulsion:

Back 220

the suspension of one liquid in a second liquid with which the first will not mix

Front 221

Melanin:

Back 221

produces brown to black pigments in the hair

Front 222

Filler:

Back 222

used to equalize porosity and replace missing pigment in one application

Front 223

Foiling Technique:

Back 223

involves weaving or slicing out specific strands of hair for depositing hair color or lightening

Front 224

Glaze:

Back 224

the technique of applying demi-permanent or semi-permanent hair color to hair to add shine and/or refresh color

Front 225

Hair color Remover:

Back 225

a solution / chemical used to remove oxidative or non-oxidative hair color from the hair color result

Front 226

Hair color Stain Remover:

Back 226

a chemical solution used to remove hair color from the skin

Front 227

Highlighting:

Back 227

the technique of coloring some hair strands lighter than their natural color (typically a foiling technique)

Front 228

Inorganic Chemistry:

Back 228

the study of not living or never living organisms that do not contain carbon

Front 229

Intensifier:

Back 229

concentrated hairs color that when added to another hair color, is used to deepen, brighten or create a more vivid look

Front 230

Intensity:

Back 230

the strength of the color's appearance

Front 231

Ion / Ions:

Back 231

an atom or a group of atoms carrying an electric charge

Front 232

Law of Color:

Back 232

a system that provides an understanding of color relationships

Front 233

Level:

Back 233

the degree of lightness or darkness of a color

Front 234

Level System:

Back 234

a system used to determine lightness or darkness of a color

Front 235

Lightener:

Back 235

will lift permanently by diffusing, dissolving or decolorizing the natural or artificial pigment in the cortex

Hint 235

also known as Bleach or Decolorizers,

Front 236

Line of Demarcation:

Back 236

a visible line or band between two different hair colors, artificial or natural

Front 237

Lowlighting:

Back 237

the technique of coloring some hair strands darker than their natural hair color (typically a foiling technique)

Front 238

Matter:

Back 238

substance that has mass and occupies space; occurs in the form of solid, liquid, or gas

Front 239

Medulla:

Back 239

the innermost layer of hair composed of round cells; hair missing the medulla is fine or fragile

Front 240

Melanin:

Back 240

the coloring matter that provides us with the natural color of our hair and skin; also known as pigment

Front 241

Metallic Dye:

Back 241

also known as Gradual Dye, is a non-professional hair color containing metals that after continuous use, build up on the hair (should not be used with any professional chemicals)

Front 242

Molecule:

Back 242

two or more atoms chemically joined, and retain their chemical and physical properties to form matter

Front 243

Natural Hair Dye:

Back 243

non-professional hair color made from various plants; henna

Hint 243

also known as Vegetable Hair Dye,

Front 244

Neutron:

Back 244

particles in an atom that have a neutral charge (having no positive or negative charge)

Front 245

New Growth:

Back 245

the process of new hair growing out from the scalp that has not yet been chemically altered

Front 246

Non-Oxidative Hair color:

Back 246

no chemical mixing or reaction takes place to produce these colors on the hair

Hint 246

temporary colors;

Front 247

Off the Scalp Lightener:

Back 247

come in a powder form and are not able to be used on the scalp

Hint 247

also known as Quick Lighteners,

Front 248

On the Scalp Lightener:

Back 248

come in an oil, cream and some powder forms and are able to be used on the scalp

Front 249

Organic Chemistry:

Back 249

the study of living or previously living organisms containing carbon

Front 250

Overlapping:

Back 250

the visible line resulting from hair color and/or lightening products spreading onto previously varicolored / lightened hair

Front 251

Oxidation:

Back 251

the chemical reaction that occurs when oxygen is released from a substance; this reaction assists in the development of color on the hair

Front 252

Oxidative Hair color:

Back 252

(chemical change) creates a chemical change in the hair therefore providing longer lasting hair color results. Types of these hair colors are permanent hair color and demi-permanent hair color

Front 253

Oxidation-Reduction:

Back 253

is a chemical reaction in which the oxidizing agent (developer) is reduced, and the reducing agent (hair color) is oxidized

Hint 253

also known as Redox,

Front 254

Permanent Hair color:

Back 254

can deposit and/or lighten the natural pigments located in the cortex layer of the hair

Front 255

Pheomelanin:

Back 255

produces yellow to red pigments in the hair

Front 256

Porosity:

Back 256

the ability of the hair to absorb any liquid

Front 257

Predisposition Test:

Back 257

is applying a small amount of product on the skin to check for sensitivity and/or an allergic reaction to a product / chemical

Hint 257

also known as a Patch Test,

Front 258

Pre-lightening:

Back 258

diffusing or lifting the natural hair color to achieve the desired level

Front 259

Presoftening:

Back 259

the technique that allows for better hair color penetration by softening the cuticle; often used prior to hair coloring resistant and/or gray hair

Front 260

Primary Colors:

Back 260

the three basic colors – red, yellow, blue – from which all other colors are produced

Front 261

Processing Strand Test:

Back 261

determines if the hair color is absorbing and processing evenly

Hint 261

also known as Periodic Strand Test,

Front 262

Proton:

Back 262

particles in an atom that have a positive charge

Front 263

Pure Substances:

Back 263

have definite chemical and physical properties

Front 264

Resistant Hair:

Back 264

cuticle scales are flat, causing minimal liquid absorption

Front 265

Secondary Colors:

Back 265

created by mixing two primary colors in equal proportions

Front 266

Semi-Permanent Hair color:

Back 266

a deposit-only hair color that penetrates into the cuticle layer of the hair shaft

Front 267

Single Process Hair color:

Back 267

a single application of hair color to either lighten the natural hair color or to deposit hair color to the hair strand

Front 268

Slicing:

Back 268

hair coloring technique that isolates thin subsections of hair in a straight-line pattern

Front 269

Solutions:

Back 269

stable mixtures of two or more substances, which may be solids, liquids, gases or a combination of these

Front 270

Solvent:

Back 270

a substance that is capable of dissolving another substance

Front 271

Special Effects:

Back 271

techniques used to create texture, as well as various dimensions of color

Front 272

Suspension:

Back 272

a mixture in which small particles of a substance are dispersed throughout a gas or liquid. If left undisturbed, the particles are likely to settle and separate

Front 273

Temporary Hair color:

Back 273

type of hair colors those coats the hair surface covering only the cuticle

Front 274

Tertiary Colors:

Back 274

created by mixing a primary color with a neighboring secondary color

Front 275

Tint Back:

Back 275

is the process of returning hair back to its natural state or desired level / color

Hint 275

also known as Reverse Hair color,

Front 276

Tone:

Back 276

is the balance of color

Hint 276

also known as Hue,

Front 277

Toner:

Back 277

used on pre-lightened hair to neutralize unwanted pigment

Hint 277

semi-permanent or demi-permanent hair color product

Front 278

Undertone:

Back 278

is the warm or cool tone seen within the predominant hair color

Hint 278

also known as Contributing Pigment,

Front 279

Virgin Hair color Application:

Back 279

the first time hair is colored

Front 280

Weaving:

Back 280

is performed by coloring alternating selected strands from a thin subsection of hair

Front 281

Acid Balanced Waves:

Back 281

permanent waves processed without heat that have a pH ranging between 7.0 to 8.2; produce a firmer curl and process more quickly than true acid waves

Front 282

Aldehyde:

Back 282

results from the oxidation of primary alcohols; there are several other chemicals in the class of highly reactive chemical compounds (composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen)

Front 283

Alkaline Waves:

Back 283

processed without heat; the main ingredient is thioglycolic acid

Hint 283

also known as Cold Waves,

Front 284

Amino Acids:

Back 284

protein building blocks of hair that link together to form tiny protein fibers

Front 285

Ammonia:

Back 285

an inorganic compound of colorless liquid, composed of one part nitrogen and three parts hydrogen; it has a pungent odor and is an alkaline substance used in the manufacturing of permanent wave solutions and hair lighteners to aid in opening the cuticle layer

Front 286

Ammonium Bisulfite Relaxer:

Back 286

a mild, alternative relaxer containing a low pH compatible with thio relaxers

Front 287

Ammonia-Free Waves:

Back 287

use an ingredient other than ammonia to reduce the odor associated with ammonia perms

Front 288

Ammonium Thioglycolate (ATG):

Back 288

a combination of ammonia and thioglycolic acid that creates a reducing agent used in permanent waves and relaxers

Front 289

Base Cream:

Back 289

is an oily cream applied on the scalp / skin to protect from the chemicals in the relaxer

Hint 289

also known as a Protective Base Cream,

Front 290

Base Control:

Back 290

is the position of the tool in relation to its base section and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped

Hint 290

also known as Base Placement,

Front 291

Base Direction:

Back 291

the position of the perm rod horizontal, vertical, or diagonal, within a section and/or parting

Front 292

Base Relaxer:

Back 292

requires a protective base cream to be applied to the hairline and scalp; when a relaxer is labeled 'base relaxer', it means the relaxer is too strong to be applied without the application of a base cream

Front 293

Base Sections:

Back 293

the subsections located within a larger panel section; the hair is divided into smaller subsections that hold one perm rod each

Front 294

Basic Perm Wrap:

Back 294

is controlled sections of hair in which perm rods are placed in rectangular-shaped subsections

Hint 294

also known as Straight Set Wrap or 9-Block Wrap,

Front 295

Bender Rod:

Back 295

are foam-covered perm rods that are easily bent into different shapes and used for permanent waving

Hint 295

also known as Flexible Rods,

Front 296

Book End Wrap:

Back 296

requires only one paper, which is folded in half much like a book

Front 297

Bricklay Perm Wrap:

Back 297

perm rods are placed within a staggered pattern of subsections

Front 298

Chemical Change:

Back 298

matter altered permanently to a completely different form

Front 299

Chemical Properties:

Back 299

cause a chemical reaction and change to the matter

Front 300

Chemical Relaxing:

Back 300

to chemically alter naturally curly or wavy hair into a straighter form

Front 301

Compounds:

Back 301

are chemical substances consisting of atoms or ions of two or more elements in definite proportions, which cannot be separated by physical means

Hint 301

also known as Chemical Compounds,

Front 302

Concave Rod:

Back 302

a perm rod that has a small diameter in the center and a larger diameter increase throughout the length

Front 303

Croquignole Wrap:

Back 303

wrapping the hair from ends to scalp in overlapping concentric layers

Front 304

Curvature Perm Wrap:

Back 304

consists of partings that follow the shape of your Guest's head

Front 305

Cysteine:

Back 305

an amino acid joined with another cysteine amino acid to create cystine amino acid

Front 306

Cystine:

Back 306

an amino acid that joins together two peptide strands

Front 307

Disulfide Bonds:

Back 307

strong chemical side bonds that can only be broken by chemical solutions

Front 308

Double Flat Wrap:

Back 308

requires hair to be placed between two end papers, one on each side of the hair strand

Front 309

Elasticity:

Back 309

the capability of the hair strand to stretch and return to its previous form without breaking; elasticity is directly related to the condition of the hair

Front 310

End Papers:

Back 310

are absorbent pieces of thin tissue-type paper that control and protect the hair ends or any texturized lengths of hair within a subsection

Hint 310

also known as End Wraps,

Front 311

Endothermic Wave:

Back 311

processed by the application of heat; hood dryer, heat processor

Front 312

Exothermic Wave:

Back 312

processed by chemical reaction that releases heat; self-heating

Front 313

Formaldehyde:

Back 313

an organic compound that is a colorless, flammable and pungent gas; present in the air and many food and beauty products

Front 314

Formaldehyde Free:

Back 314

products are manufactured 'without' the use of formaldehyde but could omit a formaldehyde gas upon use

Front 315

Glyceryl:

Back 315

an odorless, colorless liquid that is miscible in water;

Hint 315

it is derived from glycerin

Front 316

Glycerin:

Back 316

an ingredient used in a permanent waving lotion to help lower the pH because of its moisturizing properties

Front 317

Glyceryl Monothioglycolate (GMTG):

Back 317

the main active ingredient in true acid waves

Front 318

Guanidine Hydroxide:

Back 318

relaxer requiring the mixing of two products; advertised as 'no-lye' for sensitive skin

Front 319

Hydrogen Bonds:

Back 319

physical side bond (cross bond) easily broken by water or heat; reforms when hair cools and/or dries

Front 320

Hydroxide Relaxer:

Back 320

relaxers with a high alkaline (pH) content; available in varying formulations

Front 321

Hydroxide Neutralization:

Back 321

it neutralizes any remaining alkaline residue left by the hydroxide relaxer and helps to restore the pH of the hair and scalp

Hint 321

also called an acid / alkali neutralization reaction;

Front 322

Immiscible:

Back 322

when a substance is not able to mix with another substance

Front 323

Keratin:

Back 323

a strong, fibrous protein; the building block for hair, skin and nails

Front 324

Lanthionization:

Back 324

the process of removing one sulfur atom and replacing it with a disulfide bond

Front 325

Loop Rod:

Back 325

is a long, plastic rod that is used to create spiral curls

Hint 325

also known as a Circle Rod,

Front 326

Metal Hydroxide Relaxer:

Back 326

contain only one component and they are used exactly as they are packaged, requiring no mixing

Front 327

Matter:

Back 327

substance that has mass and occupies space; it has physical and chemical properties and exists either as a solid, liquid or gas

Front 328

Miscible:

Back 328

when a substance can be mixed with another substance

Front 329

Neutralizer:

Back 329

chemical solution that stops the waving process of a permanent wave; rebuilds the bonds into their new form

Front 330

Neutralizing:

Back 330

is chemically restoring disulfide bonds to harden into a new shape

Hint 330

also known as Rebonding,

Front 331

Neutralizing Shampoo:

Back 331

used to help to remove any remaining chemicals left in the hair after a chemical relaxer and to restore hair to normal acidic pH

Front 332

New Growth:

Back 332

the new hair growing out from the scalp that has not yet been chemically altered

Front 333

No-Base Relaxer:

Back 333

do not require a base cream to be applied to the skin or scalp

Hint 333

also known as No-Lye Relaxers,

Front 334

Normalizing Lotions:

Back 334

solutions with an acidic pH that restore the hair's natural pH after a hydroxide relaxer

Front 335

Occupational Disease:

Back 335

any illness caused by overexposure to certain products or ingredients

Front 336

Partial Perm Wrap:

Back 336

perming technique that provides curl or wave to small areas of the head, creating a natural blending of permed hair into previously permed or non-permed hair

Front 337

Peptide Bonds:

Back 337

connect amino acids (end to end) that form polypeptides

Hint 337

also known as End Bonds,

Front 338

Perimeter Definition:

Back 338

a technique used to smooth hair around the hairline, such as cowlicks, uncontrollable hair, growth patterns and inconsistent textures

Front 339

Permanent Waving:

Back 339

chemically rearranging straight hair into a curly or wavy form

Front 340

Potential Hydrogen (pH):

Back 340

a measure of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Front 341

PH Scale:

Back 341

a scale ranging from 0 to 14 that measures if a product is an acid (0 to 6.9), an alkaline (7.1 to 14), or neutral (7)

Front 342

Physical Change:

Back 342

matter altered to a different shape temporarily, but eventually returning to its original state.

Front 343

Physical Mixtures:

Back 343

consist of two or more types of matter that are blended together, but not chemically altered; each part in the mixture maintains its own properties

Front 344

Physical Properties:

Back 344

occur without a chemical reaction or change to the matter, some physical identities is hardness, color, weight, odor and boiling point

Front 345

Piggyback Perm Wrap:

Back 345

is a wrap technique where hair longer than 10 to 12 inches is wrapped on one rod from the mid-shaft to scalp, and the remaining hair is wrapped around a second rod

Hint 345

also known as the Double-Rod,

Front 346

Polypeptide Chain:

Back 346

spiraling chain of amino acids; joined together by peptide bonds

Front 347

Porosity:

Back 347

the ability of the hair to absorb any liquid

Front 348

Potassium Hydroxide / Lithium Hydroxide:

Back 348

a very strong alkaline ingredient used in chemical relaxers; typically marketed as no-mix, no-lye

Front 349

Preliminary Strand Test:

Back 349

performed as part of your Guest consultation to test how the hair will respond to the chemical application

Front 350

Processing Strand Test:

Back 350

is performed during a chemical relaxer to determine if the hair has been sufficiently relaxed

Hint 350

also known as a Periodic Strand Test,

Front 351

Protective Cream:

Back 351

a cream barrier applied around the hairline and ears to protect the skin from permanent wave lotions or haircolor

Front 352

Release Statement:

Back 352

a form affirming that your Guest was advised of the potential risks that could result during the requested chemical service

Front 353

Reduction:

Back 353

the process in which oxygen is subtracted from or hydrogen is added to a substance through a chemical reaction; breaking of the disulfide bonds

Front 354

Salt Bonds:

Back 354

weak physical side bonds (cross bonds) easily broken by change in pH; reform when pH balance is restored

Front 355

Sensitization:

Back 355

allergic reaction caused by repeated exposure to a chemical or substance

Front 356

Side Bonds:

Back 356

connect polypeptide chains side-by-side; responsible for strength and elasticity

Hint 356

also known as Cross Bonds,

Front 357

Single Flat Wrap:

Back 357

requires only one paper used in conjunction with either the double end or bookend wraps

Front 358

Sodium:

Back 358

a highly soluble chemical element that is an alkaline substance used in the manufacturing of permanent wave lotions and chemical hair relaxers

Front 359

Sodium Hydroxide (Lye):

Back 359

a strong alkaline ingredient used in chemical relaxers

Front 360

Soft Curl Reformation:

Back 360

a chemical texture service that restructures overly curly hair into loose curls or waves

Front 361

Solute:

Back 361

substance that is dissolved in a solution

Front 362

Solution:

Back 362

stable mixture that blends two or more substances, which may be of gases, liquids or solids or a combination of these

Front 363

Solvent:

Back 363

dissolves other substances to form a solution with no chemical change

Front 364

Spiral Wrap:

Back 364

consists of wrapping the hair at an angle other than parallel to the length of the rod, which will create a coiling effect of the hair

Front 365

Sponge Rod:

Back 365

pliable foam rods that allow hair to be chemically altered, creating a soft-end result

Front 366

Straight Rod:

Back 366

a perm rod that has an even diameter / width throughout the entire rod length

Front 367

Suspension:

Back 367

a mixture that blends large particles together without dissolving into a liquid or solid. The particles do not stay mixed; they separate back to their original state

Front 368

Test Curl:

Back 368

determines the required processing time and ensures that the desired curl has been achieved for a permanent wave service

Front 369

Thioglycolic Acid:

Back 369

an organic compound of clear liquid with a strong unpleasant smell used in permanent wave solutions

Front 370

Thio Neutralization:

Back 370

the process of stopping a permanent wave and reforming the hair into its new curly shape

Front 371

Thioglycolate Relaxers:

Back 371

are chemical compounds with the additive ingredient ammonia; considered to be a 'no-lye' relaxer, suitable for soft curl reformation

Hint 371

known as "thio relaxers" by industry standards,

Front 372

Trichology:

Back 372

the technical term for the study of the hair, the disorders and diseases of hair, and hair care

Front 373

True Acid Waves:

Back 373

permanent waves processed with the application of heat that have a pH range between 4.5 to 7; the main ingredient is typically glyceryl monothioglycolate (GMTG); these acid waves process slower than alkaline waves

Front 374

Viscosity:

Back 374

measurement of how thick or thin a liquid is, and how that affects the liquid's flow

Front 375

Weave Perm Wrap:

Back 375

wrapping consisting of controlled sections of hair that replaces straight Partings with 'zigzag' partings

Front 376

Asymmetry:

Back 376

a non-mirror image with unequal distribution of weight and/or length

Front 377

Back-Brushing:

Back 377

is a technique using a brush that is done on the surface of the hair to achieve a light, airy appearance that expands the hair, while providing support and structure to the design

Hint 377

also known as Ruffing,

Front 378

Back-Combing:

Back 378

interlocking, lacing, matting and ratting, is a technique that uses the comb to create a cushion at the base of the scalp, giving height and volume to a design

Hint 378

also known as cushioning,

Front 379

Balance:

Back 379

the visual comparison of weight used to offset or equalize proportion; by arranging the elements of a hair design with a feeling of order and harmony, balance is achieved

Front 380

Barrel Curl:

Back 380

normally consists of a rectangular-shaped base used in place of a wet roller application or to support a dry design prior to finishing the style; achieves the same results as a cascade curl but in a larger movement

Front 381

Base:

Back 381

the section of the hair that is attached to the scalp

Front 382

Bonding:

Back 382

method of attaching hair with an adhesive agent

Hint 382

also known as Fusion,

Front 383

Cascade Curl:

Back 383

are small sections of hair where the stem and base are raised from the scalp with the ends turning under, creating mass or fullness known as volume

Hint 383

also known as Stand-Up Pincer,

Front 384

Concave Profile:

Back 384

the chin and forehead align; the nose appears sunken, creating inward curvature

Front 385

Convex Profile:

Back 385

a receding chin, protruding nose and high hairline; creates strong outward curvature

Front 386

Curl:

Back 386

the end of the hair strand that forms a complete circle for pincurls, roller setting and/or thermal setting

Hint 386

also known as Circle,

Front 387

Curved Line:

Back 387

creates movement, softness and/or waves; a continuously bending line without angles

Front 388

Emphasis:

Back 388

is the point or the area that the eye is drawn to at first glance

Hint 388

also known as the focal point of a hair design,

Front 389

Face Shape:

Back 389

facial form created by individual bone structure and hairline

Front 390

Facial Proportion:

Back 390

the relationship of facial features and shape to each other

Front 391

Finger waves:

Back 391

'C' shapes placed into the hair in alternating directions using the fingers and a comb

Front 392

Form:

Back 392

a combination of lines that outline a shape

Front 393

Full Stem Curl:

Back 393

provides the maximum amount of movement but the least amount of curl

Hint 393

the curl is secured totally off its base;

Front 394

Hair Additions:

Back 394

natural or synthetic hair attached to the base / scalp area to add length, volume and/or color

Front 395

Hairpiece:

Back 395

small wig or various hair attachments used to cover smaller sections of the head, primarily on the top or crown of the head

Front 396

Hair Pressing:

Back 396

is a method of temporarily straightening curly or uncontrollable hair by means of a heated iron or comb

Hint 396

also known as Thermal Hair Straightening,

Front 397

Half-Off Base:

Back 397

the curl / roller sits 1/2 off or 1/2 on its base

Front 398

Half-Stem Curl:

Back 398

the curl is secured 1/2 off its base; provides a medium amount of movement and curl

Front 399

Hard Press:

Back 399

a hair straightening technique that removes all of the curl by using a thermal pressing comb twice on each side of the hair shaft

Front 400

Harmony:

Back 400

a pleasing arrangement of shapes and lines that incorporates all elements of design

Front 401

Indentation Base:

Back 401

creates emptiness or flat area(s) in a design

Front 402

Locks:

Back 402

form of Natural Hairstyling where hair has grown and intertwined over time; hair is twisted or formed to wrap around itself, creating a rope-like effect

Hint 402

also known as Dreadlocks,

Front 403

Medium Press:

Back 403

a hair straightening technique using a thermal pressing comb once on each side of the hair shaft, using slightly increased pressure; removes 60 to 75% of curl

Front 404

No Stem Curl:

Back 404

the curl is secured directly on its base; provides the least amount of movement but the greatest amount of curl

Front 405

Off Base:

Back 405

the curl sits totally off its base

Front 406

On Base:

Back 406

the curl sits completely on its base

Front 407

Polishing:

Back 407

provides the support, texture and movement of final design

Front 408

Profile:

Back 408

the outline or contour of the face viewed from one side

Front 409

Proportion:

Back 409

how every part relates to the whole

Front 410

Push waves:

Back 410

are a form of finger waves using two combs instead of the fingers to lift the wave up from the head and create a three-dimensional form

Hint 410

also known as Scrunch waves,

Front 411

Rhythm:

Back 411

a repeated pattern in a design

Front 412

Ribboning:

Back 412

involves forcing the hair between the thumb and back of the comb to create tension

Front 413

Ridge Curls:

Back 413

flat pin curls following the finger wave’s ridge, producing a strong wave pattern in finished design; alternating rows of ridge curls create what is known as a skip wave

Front 414

Sculpture Curls:

Back 414

are sculpted by hand, iron or roller, to create texture and/or movement for a style

Hint 414

also known as Carved Curls,

Front 415

Shaping:

Back 415

is combing a section of the hair in a circular movement over the surface of the head for the formation of waves or curls

Hint 415

also known as Molding,

Front 416

Silk Press:

Back 416

blow-drying hair in sections utilizing the comb pick attachment, then flat ironing to complete the straightening process

Front 417

Skip wave:

Back 417

wave pattern that combines finger waves and flat pin curls

Front 418

Soft Press:

Back 418

a hair straightening technique using a thermal pressing comb once on each side of the hair shaft;

Hint 418

removes 50 to 60% of curl

Front 419

Space:

Back 419

area within or surrounding a hair design

Front 420

Stem:

Back 420

the section of hair between the base and the first turn of the roller / curl

Front 421

Straight Profile:

Back 421

forehead, nose and chin align, creating a slight outward curvature; ideal profile

Front 422

Symmetry:

Back 422

a mirror image from a center point

Front 423

Volatile Alcohols:

Back 423

evaporate quickly and easily; for example, rubbing alcohol (isopropyl) and hairsprays (ethyl alcohol)

Front 424

Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs):

Back 424

alcohols that contain carbon and evaporate very quickly

Front 425

Volume Base:

Back 425

creates lift, fullness or height in a design

Front 426

Wet Styling:

Back 426

designing wet hair into a specific shape

Front 427

Wig:

Back 427

an artificial hair covering that is designed to replace or enhance your Guest's existing hair and/or a fashion accessory

Front 428

Absorption:

Back 428

allows products to penetrate the skin to keep it supple and pliable, which helps the skin to retain its stretch and/or elasticity

Front 429

Acne:

Back 429

chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands

Front 430

Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS):

Back 430

the final stage of the HIV virus, which destroys the immune system

Front 431

Albinism:

Back 431

rare, congenital skin disorder characterized by a total or partial lack of melanin in the body

Front 432

Alternating Current (AC):

Back 432

rapid or interrupted electrical current that switches direction, moving in one direction then changing to the opposite direction

Front 433

Ampere:

Back 433

is the unit for measuring the strength of an electric current

Hint 433

also known as amp,

Front 434

Anhidrotic:

Back 434

lack of perspiration due to an underactive sudoriferous gland

Front 435

Anode:

Back 435

positive electrode

Front 436

Antiseptic:

Back 436

agent that prevents or reduces infection by eliminating or decreasing the growth of microorganisms; it can be applied safely to the skin to cleanse a superficial wound or assist in the removal of bacteria

Front 437

Artery:

Back 437

thick-walled, tube-like vessel that carries oxygenated blood away from the heart

Front 438

Atrium:

Back 438

the thin-walled chambers of the top half of the heart and are referred to as the right and/or left atrium

Front 439

Bactericidal:

Back 439

product or item that is capable of destroying bacteria

Front 440

Basal Cell Carcinoma:

Back 440

it is characterized either as a small red bump with a surface appearance of blood vessels or a 'pearly' nodule with a rough texture

Hint 440

the most common and mildest form of skin cancer;

Front 441

Belly:

Back 441

the middle part of the muscle

Front 442

Blood:

Back 442

nourishing fluid that supplies nutrients and oxygen, carries away waste products, and protects the body from pathogenic bacteria

Front 443

Bloodborne Pathogen:

Back 443

infectious pathogenic microorganisms that are present in human blood or bodily fluids and can cause disease in humans; these pathogens include, but are not limited to, hepatitis B virus (HBV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HPV)

Front 444

Bromhidrosis:

Back 444

foul-smelling perspiration

Front 445

Bulla:

Back 445

large blister containing clear, watery fluid

Front 446

Cathode:

Back 446

negative electrode

Front 447

Cell:

Back 447

the basic unit of all living matter

Front 448

Chloasma:

Back 448

are non-elevated, hyper pigmented, light to dark brown spots and scattered on hands, arms or face

Hint 448

also known as liver spots or moth patches,

Front 449

Circuit Breaker:

Back 449

a 'switch' that automatically shuts off the flow of electricity at the first signs of an overload

Front 450

Circuit Breaker Box:

Back 450

is a device that automatically stops the flow of electricity in a circuit

Hint 450

also known as a panel,

Front 451

Circulatory System:

Back 451

comprised of the blood, blood vessels, and heart;Responsible for moving blood and lymph throughout the body

Front 452

Closed Comedone:

Back 452

, is a hair follicle that is closed, keeping the sebum from being exposed to the environment and oxidizing

Hint 452

also known as Whitehead

Front 453

Comedo:

Back 453

skin lesion containing masses of sebum trapped in the hair follicle; two types of comedones are open comedones (blackheads) and closed comedones (whiteheads)

Front 454

Common Carotid Arteries:

Back 454

main source of blood supply to the face, head and neck

Front 455

Complete Electric Current:

Back 455

flow of positive and negative electric currents from a generating source, through a conductor and back to the generating source

Front 456

Conductor:

Back 456

any material that allows or supports the flow of electric current; for example, metal, copper and water are excellent conductors of electricity

Front 457

Conjunctivitis:

Back 457

is a common bacterial infection of the eyes that is highly contagious

Hint 457

also known as Pinkeye,

Front 458

Converter:

Back 458

device that switches direct current (DC) to alternating current (AC)

Front 459

Dermatitis:

Back 459

inflammation of the skin from any cause, resulting in a range of symptoms, such as redness, swelling, itching, or blistering

Front 460

Dermatitis Venenata:

Back 460

, is an allergic reaction caused by the skin’s sensitivity to the exposure or use of a certain product

Hint 460

also known as Contact Dermatitis

Front 461

Dermatology:

Back 461

study of skin, its functions, structures, conditions, diseases / disorders
and treatments

Front 462

Dermis:

Back 462

the underlying or inner layer of the skin directly below the epidermis, also known as derma, corium, cutis or true skin

Front 463

Digestive System:

Back 463

comprised of the stomach, intestines, mouth and several glands that digest food and break it down into nutrients

Front 464

Direct Current (DC):

Back 464

electric current that flows in only one direction

Front 465

Disinfection:

Back 465

to destroy microorganisms on nonporous surfaces and prevent infection; the second level of infection control

Front 466

Duct Gland:

Back 466

secretes waste from the body and deposits it on the skin's surface; located within the dermis

Front 467

Eczema:

Back 467

painful, itchy and non-contagious skin inflammation, which can have the appearance of either dry or moist lesions

Front 468

Effleurage:

Back 468

massage technique that involves gliding, stroking or circular movements, utilizing a light, slow consistent motion with either light or no pressure

Front 469

Endocrine System:

Back 469

comprised of specialized, ductless glands that regulate hormone production

Front 470

Epidermis:

Back 470

is the outermost layer of the skin, containing many small nerve endings, but no blood vessels

Hint 470

also known as Basal Layer,

Front 471

Ethnocide Bone:

Back 471

spongy bone between both eye sockets that forms part of the nasal cavity

Front 472

Excoriation:

Back 472

occurs through the scraping or scratching of the epidermal layer or skin's surface; this can occur with an existing sore being scratched, irritating the existing injury

Front 473

Excretion:

Back 473

accomplished when the sweat glands disburse perspiration; this maintains a healthy temperature by cooling the body

Front 474

Excretory System:

Back 474

comprised of the kidneys, liver, skin, large intestine and lungs that eliminate waste from the body

Front 475

Friction:

Back 475

massage technique that involves deep rubbing, rolling or wringing movement applied with pressure, forcing one layer of tissue to press against another layer, therefore flattening or stretching that tissue

Front 476

Fungicidal:

Back 476

capable of destroying fungi

Front 477

Fuse:

Back 477

designed to prevent an excessive amount of electrical current from passing through the circuit

Front 478

Fuse Box:

Back 478

contains small devices with metal wires that link to the main source of electricity for the entire building

Front 479

Galvanic Current:

Back 479

constant and direct current set to a safe, low voltage level; chemical changes are produced when the current is passed through certain solutions containing acids and salts

Front 480

Grounding:

Back 480

a term used to promote electrical safety, which means the electrical current is safely carried away from you to the ground; grounding electrical equipment will prevent electrical shock

Front 481

Heat Regulation:

Back 481

maintaining a body temperature of 98.6° Fahrenheit through the blood and excretion of perspiration

Front 482

Hepatitis:

Back 482

blood borne virus that can cause inflammation of the liver caused by infections of toxic agents and is characterized by jaundice, fever, liver enlargement and abdominal pain

Front 483

Herpes Simplex (HSV):

Back 483

is a contagious skin disorder associated with a viral infection

Hint 483

commonly known as a fever blister or a cold sore,

Front 484

Hirsutism:

Back 484

is extreme hairiness or excessive growth of hair, sometimes on uncommon areas of the face and body

Hint 484

also known as Hypertrichosis,

Front 485

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV):

Back 485

blood borne pathogen that weakens the immune system by destroying the white blood cells; HIV is the virus that can lead to AIDS

Front 486

Hyperhidrosis:

Back 486

an over-abundance of perspiration due to an overactive sudoriferous gland

Front 487

Impetigo:

Back 487

contagious bacterial infection of the skin characterized by open lesions

Front 488

Insertion:

Back 488

portion of the muscle joined to bone to assist movement

Front 489

Integumentary System:

Back 489

comprised of skin and its layers; serves as a protective covering

Front 490

Invisible Light:

Back 490

the light that is invisible to the naked eye

Front 491

Iontophoresis:

Back 491

the process of forcing a water-based soluble solution into the skin using a galvanic current

Front 492

Katia:

Back 492

is a thickened or hardened area of skin caused by friction, continual rubbing, or pressure over the same part of skin

Hint 492

also known as a callus or tyloma,

Front 493

Kilowatt:

Back 493

measures 1,000 watts of electrical power used in apparatus within one second

Front 494

Lesion:

Back 494

wound or mark on the skin that can be considered either a disease or disorder

Front 495

Leukoderma:

Back 495

skin disorder that is characterized by light patches (hypopigmentation); leukodermacan be caused by a burn or congenital disease, such as albinism

Front 496

Lymph:

Back 496

clear, slightly yellow fluid that is located within the vessels and is filtered by the lymph nodes

Front 497

Lymphatic / Immune System:

Back 497

main function is to protect the body from disease by developing immunities

Front 498

Macule:

Back 498

areas of discoloration that appear on the skin surface; for example, freckles

Front 499

Malignant Melanoma:

Back 499

it appears as dark brown or black spots or lesions with an uneven shape, size and/or color

Hint 499

most dangerous form of skin cancer;

Front 500

Melanocyte:

Back 500

special cells that produce the skin pigment called melanin

Front 501

Millie:

Back 501

small, white, keratin-filled bumps or cysts that are enclosed within the epidermis with no visible opening;

Hint 501

commonly found around the eyes, cheeks and/or forehead

Front 502

Malaria Rubra:

Back 502

is a rash of tiny, red, raised spots appearing on the skin, accompanied by burning and itching

Hint 502

also known as heat rash or prickly heat,

Front 503

Milliampere:

Back 503

less than 1/1000 of an ampere; electrical equipment used for facial treatments have
controls that allow the current to be reduced to 1/1000 of an amp

Front 504

Mitosis:

Back 504

process in which human tissue cells reproduce by dividing in half, creating two
daughter cells

Front 505

Mole:

Back 505

small flat or raised pigmented spot on the surface of the skin, ranging in color from light
to dark brown

Front 506

Motor Nerve:

Back 506

nerve that carries messages to the brain and/or spinal cord to produce movement

Front 507

MRSA (Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus):

Back 507

infection that is resistant to certain
antibiotics; commonly found on the skin and starts as small, red bumps

Front 508

Muscular System:

Back 508

contracts and moves various parts of the body and supports the skeletal system

Front 509

Myology:

Back 509

study of muscles − their structure, function and diseases

Front 510

Nervous System:

Back 510

comprised of the brain, spinal cord and nerves; it regulates and controls all of
the body's activities

Front 511

Neurology:

Back 511

scientific study of the structure and purpose of the nervous system

Front 512

Nevus:

Back 512

birthmark on the skin, characterized by small or large irregularly shaped marks or stains

Front 513

Nonconductor:

Back 513

is a material that prevents the flow of electricity; for
example, cement, glass, rubber, silk and wood

Hint 513

also known as an Insulator,

Front 514

Non-Striated Muscle:

Back 514

Involuntary muscle that is smooth and not marked with lines

Front 515

Ohm:

Back 515

unit for measuring the resistance of an electric current

Front 516

Open Comedone:

Back 516

is a hair follicle containing masses of hardened
sebum and keratin; the open pore appears black due to the sebum being exposed to
the environment and oxidizing

Hint 516

also known as Blackhead,

Front 517

Organs:

Back 517

separate body structures composed of multiple tissues that each performs specific functions

Front 518

Origin:

Back 518

place where a muscle attaches to a non-moving section of bone

Front 519

Papillary Layer:

Back 519

outermost layer of the dermis, directly underneath the epidermis

Front 520

Papule:

Back 520

small, red elevated protrusion of the skin, usually containing no pus

Front 521

Percussion:

Back 521

massage technique that involves short, light tapping or
slapping movements

Hint 521

also known as Tapotement,

Front 522

Petrissage:

Back 522

massage technique that involves kneading, lifting or grasping movement

Front 523

Platelet (Thrombocyte):

Back 523

colorless particle located in the blood that is responsible for clotting

Front 524

Polarity:

Back 524

property of having two opposites; a positive and negative pole of an electric current

Front 525

Protection:

Back 525

guarding against the skin's enemies, such as UV rays, extreme weather conditions, bacterial infections and injury

Front 526

Pustule:

Back 526

inflamed, elevated pimple that contains pus

Front 527

Rectifier:

Back 527

device that switches alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC)

Front 528

Reproductive System:

Back 528

comprised of the organs necessary to reproduce

Front 529

Respiratory System:

Back 529

comprised of the organs that help to process air

Front 530

Reticular Layer:

Back 530

deeper layer of the derma located below the papillary layer that assists in supplying the skin with nutrients and oxygen

Front 531

Rosacea:

Back 531

chronic skin disorder of the face with red inflamed areas appearing mostly on the nose and cheeks

Front 532

Sanitation:

Back 532

the lowest level of decontamination that is a physical or chemical process of reducing the surface pathogens and dirt;

Hint 532

it will aid in preventing the growth of germs but will not kill bacteria

Front 533

Sebaceous Gland:

Back 533

sac-like duct gland attached to the hair follicles that produce sebum

Front 534

Sebum:

Back 534

oily substance that lubricates the skin or scalp and is secreted from the sebaceous glands

Front 535

Secretion:

Back 535

when sebum, an oily substance, is delivered from the sebaceous glands to provide moisture and maintain skin's elasticity

Front 536

Sensation:

Back 536

nerve endings that are stimulated through touch, heat, cold, pressure and pain receptors; these receptors are situated near the hair follicles within the dermis and send messages to the bra into react to the sensation

Front 537

Sensory Nerve:

Back 537

nerve that carries messages to the brain and/or spinal cord to recognize touch, cold, heat, sight, hearing, taste, smell, pain and pressure

Front 538

Skeletal System:

Back 538

physical foundation of the body; composed of 206 bones

Front 539

Squamous Cell Carcinoma:

Back 539

it has an appearance of enlarged red nodules and a rough texture

Hint 539

common form of skin cancer, also non-melanoma type;

Front 540

Sterilization:

Back 540

chemical process that completely destroys all microbial life and bacterial spores on nonporous surfaces; the most effective / highest level of infection control; germ-free

Front 541

Stratum Cornea:

Back 541

outermost layer of the epidermis, known as the horny layer

Front 542

Stratum Germinativum:

Back 542

deepest / innermost layer of the epidermis, known as the basal cell layer

Front 543

Stratum Granulosum:

Back 543

granular-like layer of the epidermis located between the Stratum Lucidum and Stratum Spinosum

Front 544

Stratum Lucidum:

Back 544

clear layer of epidermis just below the Stratum Corneum

Front 545

Stratum Spinosum:

Back 545

layer where the cells develop tiny spines that assist in binding all cells tightly together

Front 546

Striated Muscle:

Back 546

are voluntary muscles attached to the bones and are knowingly controlled

Hint 546

also known as skeletal muscles,

Front 547

Subcutaneous Tissue:

Back 547

fatty tissue found beneath the dermis

Front 548

Sudoriferous:

Back 548

consist of tube-like ducts that begin in the dermis and extend into the epidermis by attaching themselves to hair follicles

Hint 548

also known as Sweat Glands,

Front 549

Systemic Disease:

Back 549

often due to over-functioning or under-functioning internal glands or organs

Front 550

Tesla High Frequency Current:

Back 550

uses alternating current (AC) that produces heat and provides stimulation and/or relaxation to the skin and scalp

Hint 550

also known as Violet Ray,

Front 551

Thyroid Gland:

Back 551

controls how quickly the body burns energy (metabolism), makes proteins, and how sensitive the body should be to other hormones

Front 552

Tissues:

Back 552

group of similar cells that perform specific functions

Front 553

Tuberculocidal:

Back 553

product that is able to kill the bacteria that cause tuberculosis

Front 554

Valves:

Back 554

permits the blood to flow in one direction only, either into or out of the ventricles and/or atrium vein thin-walled, tube-like vessel that carries impure blood back to the heart; contains small cup-like structures that keep the blood flowing in one direction

Front 555

Ventricle:

Back 555

thick-walled chambers on the bottom half of the heart and are referred to as the right and/or left ventricle

Front 556

Verruca:

Back 556

the medical term for a wart, characterized by a hard, rough, red or flesh-colored bump that is commonly found on hands or feet

Front 557

Vesicle:

Back 557

small blister or sac filled with a clear fluid

Front 558

Vibration:

Back 558

massage technique that involves the use of the tips of the fingers to produce a rapid shaking movement

Front 559

Virucidal:

Back 559

capable of destroying viruses

Front 560

Visible Spectrum of Light:

Back 560

varying degrees of wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum that are visible to the human eye

Front 561

Vitiligo:

Back 561

inherited skin disorder producing smooth, irregularly shaped white patches, caused by the loss of pigment producing cells.

Front 562

Volt:

Back 562

unit for measuring the force or pressure of an electric current

Front 563

Watt:

Back 563

measures the amount of electrical energy used by an apparatus within one second

Front 564

Wheal:

Back 564

an itchy swollen lesion that occurs shortly after an insect bite or allergic reaction

Hint 564

also known as Urticaria,

Front 565

Abductor Muscles:

Back 565

spread the fingers or toes

Front 566

Accelerated Hydrogen Peroxide (AHP):

Back 566

disinfectant based on a stabilized hydrogen peroxide that is non-toxic to the skin and environment; this type of disinfectant only needs to be changed every 14 days

Front 567

Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS):

Back 567

a high-quality virgin plastic, used to manufacture nail tips

Front 568

Adductor Muscles:

Back 568

pull the fingers or toes together

Front 569

Agnail:

Back 569

is the split cuticle around the nail

Hint 569

also known as Hangnail,

Front 570

Alcohol:

Back 570

extremely flammable, colorless liquid that evaporates quickly

Front 571

Arch:

Back 571

is the curvature side view of a nail tip providingSupport to the stress area and sides of nail tip

Hint 571

also known as Apex,

Front 572

Beau's Lines:

Back 572

visible depressions running the width of the natural nail plate

Front 573

Bed Epithelium:

Back 573

thin layer of skin cells between the nail bed and the nail plate

Front 574

Bruised Nail:

Back 574

dark purplish discoloration under the nail caused by trauma

Front 575

Carpals:

Back 575

eight bones that form the wrist

Front 576

Curing:

Back 576

is the chemical reaction that causes hardening

Hint 576

also known as Polymerization,

Front 577

Cuticle:

Back 577

the small portion of non-living epidermis extending around the base of the nail

Front 578

Cyanoacrylates:

Back 578

specialized acrylic monomers that quickly polymerize with the addition of alcohol, water or any weak alkaline product to form an adhesive

Front 579

Digital Nerve:

Back 579

nerves located in the fingers and toes

Front 580

Eggshell Nail:

Back 580

noticeably thin, white nail plate that is more flexible than normal

Front 581

Eponychium:

Back 581

living skin at the base of the nail plate that partially overlaps the lunula

Front 582

Extensor Muscles:

Back 582

aid in the straightening of a joint

Front 583

Fabric Wraps:

Back 583

very thin and tightly woven materials, such as linen, silk or fiberglass that are used to strengthen the natural nail or are applied over nail tips

Front 584

Femur:

Back 584

long bone extending from the hip to the knee, also known as the thighbone

Front 585

Fibula:

Back 585

bone forming the outer part of the lower leg, extending from the knee to the ankle

Front 586

Flexor Muscle:

Back 586

bends a joint

Front 587

Flexor Digiti Minimi:

Back 587

muscle that controls the little toe

Front 588

Free Edge:

Back 588

part of the nail plate that extends beyond the fingertip

Front 589

Gastrocnemius:

Back 589

muscle located in the calf that pulls the foot down; attached to the lower portion of the heel

Front 590

Humerus:

Back 590

largest bone in the upper arm, extending from the shoulder to the elbow

Front 591

Hyponychium:

Back 591

skin between the free edge and fingertip of the natural nail

Front 592

Initiators:

Back 592

substances that begin the process that starts the chain reaction, leading to very long polymer chains being created

Front 593

Inhibition Layer:

Back 593

the tacky, film-like layer that forms on the top of the nail enhancement

Front 594

Leukonychia:

Back 594

whitish discoloration of the nails caused by injury

Hint 594

also known as White Spots,

Front 595

Lungs:

Back 595

spongy, respiratory organs responsible for inhaling and exhaling

Front 596

Lunula:

Back 596

whitish, half-moon shape at the base of the nail

Front 597

Manicure:

Back 597

cosmetic service for care of the hands, which includes skin and nail care, cosmetic treatments and procedures, polishing techniques and artificial nail applications

Front 598

Mantle:

Back 598

pocket-like fold of skin that holds the nail root and the matrix

Front 599

Matrix:

Back 599

part of the nail bed that extends below the nail root and helps to produce the nail plate

Front 600

Median Nerve:

Back 600

smallest of the three arm and hand nerves; runs along the mid forearm and extends into the hands

Front 601

Melanonychia:

Back 601

darkening of the nails caused by excess melanin; may be in a band or stripe

Front 602

Metacarpals:

Back 602

five long, thin bones between the wrist and fingers, forming the palm of the hand

Front 603

Metatarsal:

Back 603

five long, slender bones located between the ankles and the toes

Front 604

Metal Pushers:

Back 604

used to gently scrape the cuticle from the natural nail. They are made of stainless-steel and can be disinfected and reused

Front 605

Methyl Methacrylate (MMA):

Back 605

type of monomer that is a colorless, volatile, flammable liquid compound. MMA polymerizes readily and is used especially as a monomer for acrylic resin. It has small molecule size and can penetrate body tissue or skin and possibly cause an allergic reaction

Front 606

Microtrauma:

Back 606

causing small-unseen openings in the skin that allow for the entry of pathogens

Front 607

Monomer:

Back 607

liquid that mixes with acrylic powder and binds the acrylic polymers to form a nail enhancement

Front 608

Nail Bed:

Back 608

portion of the skin that the nail plate rests upon as it grows out

Front 609

Nail Dehydrator:

Back 609

removes moisture or oils from the nail plate prior to nail enhancement services

Front 610

Nail Folds:

Back 610

folds of normal skin that surround the natural nail plate

Front 611

Nail Grooves:

Back 611

slits or grooves on the sides of the nail that allow growth

Front 612

Nail Plate:

Back 612

translucent portion of the nail, extending from the nail root to the free edge; sometimes referred to as the nail body

Front 613

Nail Psoriasis:

Back 613

noninfectious condition that affects the surface of the natural nail. Nail will appear pitted and/or have roughness on the surface

Front 614

Nail Pterygium:

Back 614

forward growth of living skin that adheres to the surface of the nail plate

Front 615

Nail Rasp:

Back 615

metal tool that has a grooved edge. This tool is typically used for pedicures to smooth and file the free edge

Front 616

Nail Root:

Back 616

portion of nail plate hidden under a fold of skin (mantle) at the base of the nail plate

Front 617

Nail Sidewall:

Back 617

also known as the Lateral Nail Fold, is the piece of skin that overlaps onto the side of the nail

Front 618

Nail Wrap Resin:

Back 618

used to adhere the fabric wrap to the natural nail or nail tip

Front 619

Oligomers:

Back 619

short polymer chains that consist of just a few monomers, creating a thickened resin or a 'gel-like' substance

Front 620

Onychia:

Back 620

Inflammation of the nail matrix

Front 621

Onychocryptosis:

Back 621

ingrown nail

Front 622

Onycholysis:

Back 622

loosening or separation, without shedding, of the nail plate from the nail bed

Front 623

Onychomycosis:

Back 623

fungal infection of the nail

Hint 623

also known as Tinea Unguium,

Front 624

Onychophagy:

Back 624

bitten nails

Front 625

Onychorrhexis:

Back 625

abnormal brittleness of the nail plate

Front 626

Onychosis:

Back 626

general term for any nail disease or deformity

Front 627

Onyx:

Back 627

technical term for nails

Front 628

Opacity:

Back 628

thick or dark quality that makes products difficult to see through

Front 629

Opponens Muscles:

Back 629

group of adductor muscles located in the palm that pulls the thumb
toward the fingers

Front 630

Overlay:

Back 630

any fabric wrap, UV cured-gel or acrylic / sculptured nail that is applied to enhance
and/or strengthen the natural nail

Front 631

Paronychia:

Back 631

bacterial inflammation of the skin surrounding the nail plate

Front 632

Patella:

Back 632

technical term for the kneecap

Front 633

Pedicure:

Back 633

cosmetic care of the toenails and feet

Front 634

Perionychium:

Back 634

additional or excessive skin that overlaps onto the sides of the nail plate

Front 635

Peroneus Brevis:

Back 635

shorter of the two muscles responsible for rotating the foot down and out

Front 636

Peroneus Longus:

Back 636

longer of the two muscles responsible for rotating the foot down and out

Front 637

Phalanges:

Back 637

are the bones of the fingers or toes

Hint 637

also known as Digits,

Front 638

Phenol:

Back 638

strong, high pH disinfectant

Front 639

Photoinitiators:

Back 639

the chemical that begins the polymerization process in gel nails

Front 640

Polymer:

Back 640

a concentrate or powder made up of acrylic powder that when mixed with a monomer
forms a nail enhancement

Front 641

Polymerization:

Back 641

the chemical reaction, also known as Curing or Hardening, which creates polymers

Front 642

Position Stop:

Back 642

edge of the well that bumps up against the free edge of the natural nail

Front 643

Primer:

Back 643

liquid solution, containing methacrylic acid that is applied sparingly to the natural nail
plate prior to acrylic product application to assist in adhesion of the enhancement

Front 644

Pronator Muscles:

Back 644

turns the forearm and hand inward so the palm faces downward

Front 645

Pyogenic Granuloma:

Back 645

small rounded mass (vascular tissue) projecting from the nail bed
to the nail plate

Front 646

Quaternary Ammonium Compounds:

Back 646

is a standard name
for disinfectants

Hint 646

also known as Quats,

Front 647

Radial Artery:

Back 647

supplies blood to the thumb side of the arm and the back of the hand

Front 648

Radial Nerve:

Back 648

nerve that runs along the thumb side of the arm and the back of the hand

Front 649

Radius:

Back 649

outer and smaller bone on the inside of the forearm; located on the thumb side

Front 650

Reflexology:

Back 650

based on the use of reflex points located throughout the hands, feet, and head that are linked to other parts of the body

Front 651

Ridge:

Back 651

is a vertical or horizontal indentation running the length or width of the nail plate

Hint 651

also known as Furrow or Corrugation,

Front 652

Silk Wraps:

Back 652

made from a of a thin natural material with a tight weave that provides a smooth, even, clear appearance after a wrap resin is applied

Front 653

Sodium Hypochlorite:

Back 653

commonly known as bleach

Front 654

Soleus:

Back 654

muscle that is attached to the lower heel and bends the foot down

Front 655

Stress Area:

Back 655

edge of the nail tips below the contact area that is the most vulnerable area, accepting everyday wear and tear

Front 656

Supinator Muscle:

Back 656

turns the forearm and hand outward so the palm faces upward

Front 657

Tarsal:

Back 657

seven bones that form the ankle

Front 658

Tibia:

Back 658

largest of the two bones below the knee that form the lower leg

Hint 658

also known as the Shin Bone,

Front 659

Tibialis Anterior:

Back 659

muscle that covers the shin and bends the foot

Front 660

Tibialis Posterior:

Back 660

muscle that helps the foot flex inward

Front 661

Tinea:

Back 661

is a contagious fungal infection, distinguished by itching, scales, and occasionally painful lesions

Hint 661

technical term for Ringworm

Front 662

Tinea Pedis:

Back 662

is a fungal infection that can occur on the bottom of the feet, as well as, between the toes, which can spread to the toenails

Hint 662

also known as Athlete's Foot,

Front 663

Ulna:

Back 663

inner and larger bone on the outside of the forearm; located on the pinky side

Front 664

Ulnar Artery:

Back 664

supplies blood to the little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand

Front 665

Ulnar Nerve:

Back 665

nerve that runs along the little finger side of the arm and the palm of the hand

Front 666

Urethane Acrylate:

Back 666

main ingredient used to create UV gel nail enhancements

Front 667

Urethane Methacrylate:

Back 667

main ingredient used to create UV gel nail enhancements

Front 668

Wooden Pusher:

Back 668

used to gently remove cuticle tissue away from the nail plate and clean under the free edge; made from orangewood, rosewood or other hardwoods; disposable alternatives for pushing back cuticles

Front 669

Wooden Pusher:

Back 669

used to gently remove cuticle tissue away from the nail plate and clean under the free edge; made from orangewood, rosewood or other hardwoods; disposable alternatives for pushing back cuticles