Emerging And Re-Emerging Cards

Front 1

Diseases caused by S. aureus

Back 1

~Nosocomial infections are a problem!

~Folliculitis-infection of hair follicle

~Sty-infected follicle of an eyelash

~Furuncle-boil (abscess)

~Carbuncle-many furuncles

~Impetigo of the newborn-thin walled vesicles that crust over

Front 2

Sepsis caused by S. aureus

Back 2

~Scalded skin syndrome-caused by exfoliative toxin, skin will peel in 48 hours (Like a bad sunburn) VERY SERIOUS

~Toxic shock syndrome-TSS-life threatening, fever, vomiting, sunburn like rash, SHOCK, kidney failure, death, severe abdominal pain!

Front 3

Skin diseases caused by S. pyogenes

Back 3

~Erysipelas-reddish patches with raised margins Can destroy locally and enter blood stream

Often starts on face

High fever common

So far regular antibiotics work

~Impetigo-common in young children

Often caused by scratching a bite with dirty nails

Front 4

Beta-hmolytic Group A strep (flesh eating)

Back 4

~Mortality is over 30-80%

~Attach solid tissue (cellulitis), muscle (myositis), or the muscle covering (necrotizing fasciitis)

~Produces exotoxin A which is a super antigen and causes a powerful immune reaction

~Unfortunately the reaction is part of the problem

Front 5

Bacteriodes fragilis (BF)

Back 5

BF produces an potent enterotoxin (ETBF) and has been isolated in inflammatory disease (IBD) patients

Front 6

Mycobacterium avium paratuberculosis (MAP)

Back 6

~MAP is an invasive intestinal germ

~MAP causes Johne’s disease in cattle; survives in milk from infected cows after pasteurization ~MAP has been identified in breast milk of women with Crohn’s disease

Front 7

Borrelia burgdorferi

Back 7

Causative agent of Lyme disease

~Increased incidence with burgeoning white-footed mouse and deer populations because of transmission via Ixodes ticks.

~60-80% of infected people have a bull’s eye target rash

~Treated with antibiotics

~Can cause chronic arthritis, CNS disorders, and cardiac problems.

Front 8

Salmonellosis (Gastroenteritis)

Back 8

Mortality (<1%) due to septic shock caused by endotoxin can occur in infants and elderly.

Front 9

E. Coli

Back 9

produce Shigella toxin (cause self-limited diarrhea; can damage blood vessels)

Front 10

Listeria monocytogenes

Back 10

~Causative agent of listeriosis food poisoning. Early stages resembles the flu.

~Miscarriages occur due to bacteriemia. In older people Listeria causes meningitis & brain abcesses.

~Food in fridge longer than 10 days can have high counts of Listeria.

Front 11

Clostridium sp.

Back 11

difficle- antbiotic-resistant; forms toxin that results in diarrhea.

Front 12

Clostridium sp.

Back 12

perfingens- spores can cause gas gangrene in an ulcerated wound.

Front 13

Corynebacterium diphtheriae

Back 13

Toxin-producing strains cause diphtheria which can lead to a fatal throat infection

Front 14

Helicobacter pylori 
(ulcer disease)

Back 14

~Bacteria produce ammonia which neutralizes gastric acid.

~Treated with antibiotics

~H. pylori causes stomach cancer

~30-50% of developed world population will become infected

Front 15

Legionella pneumonophilia

Back 15

Causative agent of Legionnaires’ disease which results in a lung infection.

Front 16

Klebsiella pneumoniae

Back 16

Normal microbiota of intestinesCausative agent of pneumonia