Electromagnetism

Front 1

wave

Back 1

disturbance in space

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crest

Back 2

highest point in a wave

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trough

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lowest point in a wave

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amplitude

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dustance from midpoint to a point a wave

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wavelength

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distance betwen two identical waves

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frequency

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# of waves produced in one second

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four fundamental forces

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gravitation, electromagnetism, strong force, weak force

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another name for electromagnetic waves

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electromagnetic radiation

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what r electromagnetic waves made of

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result of vibrations between magnetic and electric field

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EM waves are --- waves

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transverse waves

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how are em waves created

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oscillating electric and magnetic field

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EM spectrum

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radio, microwave, infrared, visible light, ultraviolet, xray, gamma rays

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states that like charges repel each other while unlike charges attracts

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coloumbs law

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showed that magnetic field can be formed with electrons in movement which proves the relationship between electricity and magnetism

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oersted's law

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establishes a solid bases in physics and provides a basic grasp of the idea underlying transformersand generators.

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Joseph henry

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discovered electromagnetic induction

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faraday's law

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devised an electromagnetic telegraph and made a calculation regarding the ratio between the electrodynamic and electrostatic units of charge

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wilhelm Weber

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he suggested that light, an electric fieldand a magnetic field could all beexplained in a single electromagnetictheory.

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Maxwell

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discovered Radio Waves or Hertzian

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hertz

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showed that two parallel wires carrying electriccurrents repel or attract each other, depending on whetherthe currents flow in the same or opposite directions,respectively

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ampere

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properties of light

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- travels in a straight line

- much faster than sound

- able to see things bc light is reflected into our eyes

- shadows r formed when light is blocked by an opaque object

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reflection

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bouncing of light raysoff a surface

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types of reflection

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specular and diffuse

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specular reflection

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Reflection off ofsmooth surfaces

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diffuse reflection

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Reflection off ofrough surfaces

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Characteristics of the imageformed by a plane mirror:

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- image is upright

- image & object r same size

- image is virtual

- image is laterally inverted

- distance of the object from the mirror is equal to the distance of the image from the mirror

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ray of light that strikes themirror

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Incident ray

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light ray that bounces offthe mirror and strikes your eye

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Reflected ray-

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a line perpendicular the surface

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Normal

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angle made by theincident ray with the normal

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Angle of Incidence

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- angle made by thereflection ray with the normal

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Angle of Reflection -

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law of reflection

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- angle of incidence = angle of reflection

- incident ray, reflected ray and normal all lie in the same plane

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concave mirrors

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- have a surface that bends inwards

- images formed can be virtual or real

- light rays converge at one point after they strike and are reflected from the surface

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convex mirrors

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- have a surface that bends outwards

- covers a wider field of vision

- imaged are usually upright, distorted, and smaller

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focal point in concave mirror

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the point atwhich a parallel beam of light is"focused" after reflection in the mirror.

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focal point in convex mirror

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the point from which light appears tohave originated after reflection fromthe mirror.

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point in the center ofthe sphere from whichthe mirror was sliced

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center of curvature

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straight line passingthrough the pole and thecentre of curvature

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principal axis

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is concave mirror converging or diverging

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converging

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is convex mirror converging or diverging

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diverging

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is convex lens converging or diverging

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converging

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is concave lens converging or diverging

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diverging

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convex lens

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- thicker in the center

- forms real and virtual depending on position of object

- makes parallel light rays passing through bend inward and converge at the F

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concave lenses

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thicker at the edges

- forms upright, reduced, image, and virtual image

- makes parallel light rays curve outward or diverge

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Method used to predict the characteristics of imageformed in curved mirrors

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Ray Diagram