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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Intraspecific Interaction
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an interaction between organisms belonging to the same species
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an interaction between organisms belonging to the same species
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Intraspecific Interaction
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Threshold Distance
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the distance between individuals below which aggressive behavior is evoked
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the distance between individuals below which aggressive behavior is evoked
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Threshold Distance
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Territoriality
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the defense of real space against intruders
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the defense of real space against intruders
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Territoriality
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Interspecific Interaction
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an interaction between organisms belonging to different species
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an interaction between organisms belonging to different species
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Interspecific Interaction
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Optimum
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the balance between benefit and cost with the largest difference
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the balance between benefit and cost with the largest difference
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optimum
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Competitive Exclusion
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interspecific competition whereby one of the competing species completely eliminates the other; the exclusion of one species by another when they compete for a common resource that is in limited supply
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interspecific competition whereby one of the competing species completely eliminates the other; the exclusion of one species by another when they compete for a common resource that is in limited supply
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Competitive Exclusion
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Competitive Exclusion Principle
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if two species-populations are limited by the
same resource, then one of them will ultimately exclude the other unless they partition the resource or adapt to the selective pressure; the principle that two species having identical ecological requirements cannot coexist indefinitely |
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if two species-populations are limited by the
same resource, then one of them will ultimately exclude the other unless they partition the resource or adapt to the selective pressure; the principle that two species having identical ecological requirements cannot coexist indefinitely |
Competitive Exclusion Principle
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Ecological Displacement
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spatial or temporal characteristics of organisms that have changed because of competition
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spatial or temporal characteristics of organisms that have changed because of competition
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Ecological Displacement
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Coexistence
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the continuing occurrence of two or more species in the same area or habitat, usually used of potential competitors
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the continuing occurrence of two or more species in the same area or habitat, usually used of potential competitors
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coexistence
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Character Displacement
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characteristics of organisms that have been altered by the selective pressure of competition; the tendency for enhanced character divergence
in the sympatric populations of two species that are partly sympatric and partly allopatric in their distributions, owing to the selective forces of competition |
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characteristics of organisms that have been altered by the selective pressure of competition; the tendency for enhanced character divergence
in the sympatric populations of two species that are partly sympatric and partly allopatric in their distributions, owing to the selective forces of competition |
Character Displacement
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Organisms maximize the difference between:
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costs and benefits (the optimum)
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Interactions can be studied in the real world by:
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examining patterns, using natural
experiments, and setting up manipulative experiments. |
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Ecological conditions necessary for a sit-and-wait predator:
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i) low predator energy requirement
ii) high prey density iii) high prey mobility |
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Three problems with inferring an interaction from a pattern:
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i) A pattern may not be expressed in
uncontrolled conditions a) limiting factors other than competition b) opportunities for many kinds of partitioning c) opportunities for organisms and environment to change d) opportunities for immigration ii) A pattern consistent with a particular interaction actually may have another cause iii) We have no direct evidence of harm |