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29 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
nutrient cycles |
- move and transfer chemical elements (C, N, H,O) through abiotic and biotic components of an ecosystem. - Nutrient cycle is reversible. - The supply of nutrients in an ecosystem is finite and limited. |
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photosynthesis |
-CO2 is voncerted by autotrophs into carbohydrates - Very inefficient (Only 1% of the energyfrom the sun is used)●Chlorophyll –absorbs light to drivephotosynthesis - Plants use glucose to:●Construct other molecules●Build their cell wall●Store energy●Source of energy |
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respiration |
carbon returned to the atmosphere via respiration |
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combustion |
carbon is returned to the atmosphere as CO2 |
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methanogenesis |
- anaerobic microorganisms produce methane (CH4) to the atmosphere - converted into CO2 + H2O via oxidation |
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anaerobic |
no oxygen
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methane |
CH4
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Nutrient sink/store/pool |
atmosphere-CO2 ocean-bicarbonate rock-coal and limestone |
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Nutrient flex/flow |
food chain ex. grass-->grasshopper-->frog-->snake-->kookaburra |
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Fossil Fuel |
- contain carbon-->combustion-->CO2 - coal is formed by death terrestrial plants - oil and nature gas if formed by dead algae and zooplankton |
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Peat |
- partially decayed vegetation or organic material - formed when plant is not fully decomposed in acidic/anaerobic condition - a carbon sink |
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Limestone |
- contain calcium carbonate - formed by the fossilization of sea animal shells and marine animal skeletons |
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Carbonic acid |
- CO2 in the atmosphere dissolved in water: CO2+H2O-->H2CO3 (carbon acid) |
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Calcium carbonate |
exchange matter and energy withsurroundings - in limestone - in shells - skeletons |
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Primary succession |
- new ecosystem where there were no livingthings before
●Cooled lava, receded glacier, mud slide●Pioneer species come in first → create soil |
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Secondary succession |
- ecosystem used to be there
●Fire, humans clear an area → soil intact |
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Pioneer species |
In primary succession, Pioneer species come in first → create soil |
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Climax community |
- A climax community is one that has reached the stable stage. When extensive and well defined, the climax community is called a biome.
○usually only changes if majorinterferenceRA2M3 |
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Sustainability |
Requirements for sustainability inecosystem:
●Energy availability ●Nutrient availability ●Detoxification of waste productsil.h |
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Closed system |
exchange energy but not matter with thesurroundings
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Open system |
exchange matter and energy withsurroundings/html>
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Mesocosm |
closed-system |
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Greenhouse effect |
keeps earth warm enough to sustain life |
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Greenhouse gases |
- water vapor (more concentrated)-->often not included in green house gases - CO2 (more concentrated) - methane (more potent) - nitrous oxide (N2O) |
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Troposphere |
the lowest layer of earth's atmosphere, where all the living activities happen |
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Nitrogen oxides |
greenhouse gass |
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Ocean acidification |
- CO2+H2O-->H2CO3 - pH of the ocean reduces - lead to thinner and deformed shells |
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Long-wave radiation |
After clouds and the surface absorb the solar energy, the ground heats up and re-emits energy as long-wave radiation in the form of infrared rays
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Short-wave radiation |
Short-wave radiation (SW) is radiant energy with wavelengths in the visible (VIS). sunlight is short-wave radiation.
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